www.smu.ac.za

The role of the Pharmacist in COVID-192020/07/21

Prof N SchellackEmail: natalie.Schellack@smu.ac.za

PSSA

“In questions of science, the authority of a thousand may not exceed the humble and careful reasoning of on individual.” Galileo Galilei

• Epidemiology

• The virus, its modes of transmission and incubation period

• Symptom identification,

• Social media myths and misinformation

• Treatment guidelines and medicines that may need to be kept in stock

• Interventions and patient counselling by the pharmacist.

Overview

Where did we start?

Timeline of COVID-19 globally

Epidemiology

https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html

What is in a Virus?

Transmission

•Droplets transmission occurs when respiratory

droplets (as produced when an infected person

coughs or sneezes) are ingested or inhaled by

individuals in close proximity.

•Contact transmission occurs when a subject

touches a surface or object contaminated with the

virus and subsequently touches their mouth, nose,

or eyes.

•Aerosol transmission occurs when respiratory

droplets mix into the air, forming aerosols, and

cause infection while inhaling a high dose of

aerosols into the lungs in a relatively closed

environment.

Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology (2)

Pathophysiology (3)

Thrombus Formation and COVID-19

Thrombus Formation and COVID-19

15

Symptoms start like many other illnesses

Fever

Cough

Shortness of breath

Muscle aches

DiarrhoeaSore throat

Symptoms start about one day after exposure,

but can be as long as 14 days.

Some people have no symptoms, most have a

mild illness. It can be severe and sometimes fatal.

FatigueSudden loss of smell and

taste

Headache

Clinical Presentation

COVID-19 Adult Clinical Evaluation Guide

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PREVENTIONWear Mask

Mask-Wearing During the Coronavirus Pandemic.

Does protective measures make a difference?

Presenting Symptoms and COVID-19

Chen Z-R, Zhou Y, Liu J, Peng H-W, Zhou J, Zhong H-L, Liu L-L, Lai M-F, Wei X-H

and Wen J-H (2020) Pharmacotherapics Advice in Guidelines for COVID-19. Front.

Pharmacol. 11:950. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00950

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PREVENTIONSocial Distancing

1 m – 2 m

SAFE DISTANCING

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PREVENTIONWear Mask

Work from home

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PREVENTIONCover your Cough and Sneeze

Cover with

NapkinAiring the Room Cover by Elbow To Wash hands

CORONAVIRUS (COVID-19) PREVENTIONWash Hands Properly

Rub fingertips in

opposite palms to wash

under nails

Wet hands with water,

apply soap and rub

hands palm-to-palm

Rub between

fingers

Rub back of each

hand with opposite

palm

Rub each finger, thumb

clasped in opposite

hand

Scrub

Wrists

1 2 3

4 5 6

SOCIAL DISTANCINGThe Vital Importance of Social Distancing

In 5 Days In 30 Days

Normal behavior

1 Person Infects

50 % less Contact

1 Person Infects

75 % less Contact

1 Person Infects

2.5 People 406 People

1.25 People 15 People

0.625 People 2.5 People

SOCIAL DISTANCINGEnter your sub headline here

Avoid in-person meetings. Use online conferencing, email or the phone

when possible, even when people are in the same building.

Unavoidable in-person meetings should be short, in a large meeting room

where people can sit at least three feet from each other; avoid shaking

hands.

Eliminate unnecessary travel and cancel or postpone nonessential

meetings, gatherings, workshops and training sessions.

Do not congregate in work rooms, pantries, copier rooms or other areas

where people socialize. Keep six feet apart when possible.

Bring lunch and eat at your desk or away from others (avoid lunchrooms

and crowded restaurants).

Avoid public transportation (walk, cycle, drive a car) or go early or late to

avoid rush-hour crowding on public transportation.

Limit recreational or other leisure classes, meetings, activities, etc., where

close contact with others is likely.

The Great Race..

The Race against time to achieve..

Lets bring it together..

Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19

Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 (2)

Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 (3)

Pharmacotherapy for COVID-19 (4)

The Clot Thickens ..

Old dog New Tricks?

Vaccination and COVID-19

The role of the Pharmacist

Questions?