The Role of the Church in Medieval Europederenne.weebly.com/uploads/3/7/0/3/...church_blank.pdf ·...
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The Role of the Church in Medieval Europe
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Clergy
• Society in the Middle
Ages consisted of
“men of _________,
men of war, and men
of _____________.” -Alfred the Great
• Clergy influenced all
levels of society,
especially kings,
because they were
educated
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Clergy
• Church guided life of
people… from
baptism to marriage
and to death
• Power to
______________ or
to ______________
Was very powerful in
people’s lives
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Church Hierarchy
_______________ – head of
church, Latin for “Father”
___________________ –
advisors to the Pope, controlled
the archbishops and choose
new Pope from the cardinals
Current Pope:
Benedict XVI
El Grego,
Portrait of
a Cardinal
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Church Hierarchy
• ______________________ –
controlled archdiocese
and bishops
• _______________controlled “diocese” in
larger cities or provinces made of many
parishes
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Church
Hierarchy• ____________ – in charge of
monasteries and local parishes
• ____________ - local church or parish;
led religious services(weddings,
baptisms, and funerals),
cared for sick
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Church
Hierarchy: Monks
• Lived in monasteries
• “Hard” or physical
labor to support their
communities
• Occasionally preached
• “Low man” on the
Church Hierarchy
“totem pole” but crucial
since they were in
contact with people the
most.
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Monastery• Complex community of many different buildings
– Granaries
– Breweries
– Bakeries
– Wineries
– Abbey church
– Library / scriptorium
– Hospital
– SchoolSelf contained like a town
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Monastery• Inside libraries monks
copied ______________
• Wrote in beautiful
handwriting
• Drew elaborate
illustrations…………
• Illuminated letters
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“Spreading the Word”
St. Francis of
Assisi
• Religious communities formed
• Monks could travel, spread
Christianity, and do “good
deeds” for the poor
• _________________________
began his own group of monks
….helping the poor and sick
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Church Hierarchy: Women
• Women were
excluded from church
employment except
as ____________ or
directors of
_________
• Nuns were “Brides of
Christ”; swore never
to marry, devoted to
charitable work
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Church Hierarchy: Women
• Worked with the poor,
provided shelter,
medicine and helped
their religious
community
• Abbesses: nuns in
charge of
_________________-
-- communities for the
nuns
Illuminated letters were an art
form and common practice for
nuns and monks copying texts
for sale to help the convent or
monastery.
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Power of the Church
Church encouraged Christians to
save their souls by ___________
_________________to Churches
• Nobles were encouraged to leave
their lands to the church (upon
death) in return for ____________
______________ >>> increasing
the church’s holdings and wealth
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Power of t he Church
Clergy> most often the
only members of
society able to ______
______and _________
• Most kings were
illiterate>> clergy were
advisors to the king =
very powerful
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Kings >> conflict with the Church
800 c.e., Kings and nobles tried to _________ ___________from church.
Kings appointed their own people/ relatives to church positions, such as bishops and cardinals
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Kings >> conflict with the Church
New pope> Gregory VII
wanted to give back
power to church.
Announced that
_________ was higher
than ____________
and that only the Pope
could appoint members
to church
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King Henry IV refused
Pope’s edict (formal announcement)
Pope ______________
King Henry IV
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Education Spreads in Europe
__________________________ became too small to teach those who wanted to be educated
• Began meeting outside or in taverns ….eventually began to construct buildings, which grew into universities and colleges
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Art of the Medieval Church
Most art (paintings and sculptures) were ________________and featured Christ or people from the Bible or lessons
Flat, stylized art… not three dimensional
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Art of the Church
Filled with art, stained glass,,
sculpture, and paintings
Tribute to _______________
….built to strike “awe” in those
who viewed the art in these
cathedrals