The Rise of Islam Chapter 11 Section 1. Early Arabs Bedouins: Nomads who herded sheep and camels....
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Transcript of The Rise of Islam Chapter 11 Section 1. Early Arabs Bedouins: Nomads who herded sheep and camels....
Early ArabsBedouins: Nomads who herded sheep and camels.
Couldn’t grow crops.Sheikh: leader of the Tribe.
Cities began to appear along the coast (Mecca)
Trade routes established (Caravans).
MuhammadCaravan Trader in Mecca40 years old: believed the Angel Jibreel spoke to Muhammad
He was to be a prophet of AllahReceived teaching and revelations from Allah.
Muhammad Meets Resistance
Merchants of Mecca harassed Muhammad. Believed:
His thoughts/ideas disrupted their authority
One god, Not PolytheisticPeople would stop coming to the Kaaba
Stone building filled with idols that people worshipped
Hijrah622 A.D. Mecca Yathrib
Known as the Hijrah (Flight)
Yathrib becomes Medina “City of Prophets”
Muhammad's teaching spread throughout the Peninsula.
Including Mecca
Back to Mecca630 A.D.- Muhammad travels back to Mecca.Rededicated the Kaaba to worship Allah.632 A.D.- Muhammad
diesConverted most people in the Middle East and N. Africa to a new religion: ISLAM
Beliefs in IslamOne God (Allah)
Islam= submission to God
Followers of Islam: Muslims2nd Largest religion in the world: Growing
Majority live in N. Africa, Asia and E. Europe.
Qur’an: Holy book of IslamWord of Allah received by MuhammadSacred guide for all people.Written in Arabic: Common language of Muslims.
Teaching include:Live humble lives, tolerance and generosity, no pork or alcoholAlso includes the 5 Pillars of Islam
5 Pillars of Islam1.Profession of
Faith Only one God (Allah)Muhammad: Messenger of God
2.Five Daily Prayers
Face the direction of Mecca
3.Paying ZakatAnnual tax to help the poor.
4.Fasting during Ramadan
Eat/Drink nothing from sunrise to sunsetImportance of self-discipline