The Rise of Christianity Ch. 1.4. Principles of Judaism (Ch1.3) The Ancient Israelites –According...
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Transcript of The Rise of Christianity Ch. 1.4. Principles of Judaism (Ch1.3) The Ancient Israelites –According...
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The Rise of ChristianityThe Rise of ChristianityCh. 1.4Ch. 1.4
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Principles of Judaism (Ch1.3) Principles of Judaism (Ch1.3) • The Ancient Israelites
– According to the Torah, Abraham migrated with his family westward from Mesopotamia to Canaan
– near the eastern Mediterranean coast, Abraham founded the Israelite nation
• God’s Covenant with the Israelites– The Israelites were monotheistic– They believed God would protect and provide for them as long as
they followed God’s laws
• Teachings on Law and Morality– The Torah established moral principles and set out laws– The Ten Commandments that became part of the cultural foundation
of Western civilization
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Early Life of JesusEarly Life of Jesus• Most of what is known is through
the Gospels (1st four books of the new Testament)
– Born about 4 B.C. in Bethlehem, mother Mary was told he would be the messiah.
– Growing up he worshiped God, followed Jewish law and worked as a carpenter.
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Early Life of Jesus cont.Early Life of Jesus cont.
• Ministry
– Jesus chose twelve close followers• known as the apostles
– He began preaching at age 30 drawing large crowds when word spread that he performed miracles.
– Jesus often used parables (short stories) to communicate his ideas.
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Life of Jesus cont.Life of Jesus cont.
• His Message– Rooted from Jewish tradition– He believed in God and the Ten
commandments • also preached new beliefs
– He called himself the Son of God – declared himself the messiah that Jews were
waiting for
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Life of Jesus cont.Life of Jesus cont.
• Promised spiritual salvation & eternal life to anyone who believed in him
• Jesus rejected “an eye for an eye” but embraced “love your enemies”
• “If anyone hits you on one cheek, let him hit the other one, too.”
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Death and ResurrectionDeath and Resurrection
• Death on the Cross– Some welcomed Jesus
• others saw a troublemaker
– Roman leaders felt Jesus was a revolutionary• would lead the Jews in a rebellion
– Jesus was betrayed by one of his disciples• tried, convicted, and crucified by the Romans
– After his death his disciples began to spread his word. (Apostles- “a person sent forth”)
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Spread of ChristianitySpread of Christianity
• Work of Paul– After having a vision of Jesus, sets out to spread
Jesus' teachings• Set Christianity on the road to becoming a world religion
• Persecution– Rome was not tolerant of Christianity
• Officials suspected “C” of being disloyal to Rome– “C’s” refused to make sacrifices to emperor or Roman
gods• Christian’s used as the scapegoats for social & economic
problems
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Reason for Christianity’s AppealReason for Christianity’s Appeal
• Survival– “C” ethics generated broad appeal– Jesus has welcomed ALL people,
• humble, poor, & oppressed
– People found comfort in the message of love– Christian missionaries added ideas from
Plato, the stoics, & other Greek thinkers to Jesus’ message
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The Christian ChurchThe Christian Church• The early communities
– “C” communities shared a common faith in the teachings of Jesus
– Believed by the grace of God, renouncing evil, & baptism their sins would be washed away.
– All members were considered equal
– “C” church developed into a hierarchy • Each community has its own priest• Priest came under the authority of a bishop
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The Early ChurchThe Early Church• Medieval Church
– 1054 church split in to East and West church – Roman Catholic Church controlled the western half.
• Triumph– Persecutions ended in A.D. 313 when emperor
Constantine issued the “Edict of Milan”– As the Roman empire collapsed the Church inherited
many of its functions
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