The Revolutionary War 1775-1783
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Transcript of The Revolutionary War 1775-1783
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The Revolutionary War1775-1783
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Georgia Chooses Sides
• Along the coast of Georgia people were loyal to England
• In the backcountry they were loyal to America and revolution
Tories, Loyalists
Whigs, Patriots
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Lexington and Concord
• April 19th, 1775 The Battle of Lexington and Concord started the American Revolution
• “Minutemen” vs British Troops• Royal government in Georgia begins to fall
apart.
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Royal Government Comes to an End
• 1775 - “Provincial Congress” aggress to boycott trade with Great Britain
• Whigs take over militia• Jan 1776, Whig arrest Gov Wright of
GA• Escapes to Britain
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Royal Government Comes to an End
• Georgia creates a new Government• Temporary Constitution• Preamble proclaims popular
sovereignty
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War and Peace
• Prepared for war and Peace• War – Created an army with George
Washington as General• Peace – Create a petition to King
George to stop hostility
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British Response
• King George refused petition• Spring 1776 Second Continental
Congress voted to end British Rule
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Declaration of Independence
• Georgia sends two delegates to Continental Congress in Philadelphia
• July 4th, 1776• Signed Document to end British Rule• Georgia delegates Button Gwinnett,
Lyman Hall and George Walton
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Declaration of IndependenceDocument written by Thomas Jefferson• 1. All men are created equal• 2. Everyone is born with certain rights
that government cannot take away – namely life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
• 3. Government gets its power from the people.
• 4. People can do away with a government they no longer approve of.
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Declaration of Independence• Declaration ends with “these United
Colonies are ...Free and Independent States.”
• State is another word for nation
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Reaction to the Declaration of Independence
• News did not reach GA for a month• 1,500 Tories leave GA• Patriots happy
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Georgia's First Constitution• Needs a permanent government• Write a constitution• Feb 1777 create new constitution
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Separation of Powers• 3 seperate branches of power• 1. legislative• 2. executive• 3. judiciary• Legislative has too much power
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Separation of Powers• Unicameral • One house
Government• “House of
Assembly”
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Branches of Georgia Government
legislative ExecutiveJudicial
House of Assembly
Georgia Government
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Problems with New Government
• Governor had little power• 1 year term for gov• Legislative elected for 12 years
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Washington’s HeadachesOnly 1/3 of the colonists were in favor of a war for independence [the other third were Loyalists, and the final third were neutral].State/colony loyalties.Congress couldn’t tax to raise money for the Continental Army.Poor training [until the arrival of Baron von Steuben.]
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Military Strategies
Attrition [the Brits had a long supply line].Guerilla tactics [fight an insurgent war you don’t have to win a battle, just wear the British down]Make an alliance with one of Britain’s enemies.
The American
s
The BritishBreak the colonies in half by getting between the No. & the So.Blockade the ports to prevent the flow of goods and supplies from an ally.“Divide and Conquer” use the Loyalists.
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War Comes to Georgia
• 1/3 Whigs• 1/3 Torries• 1/3 neutral• 1776-78 Whigs in charge take Torries home
and property• Torries Try to attack the British at St.
Augustine Fort and lose
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War Comes to Georgia
• Army of 2,000 British from NY vs.700 Partiot Georgians
• Patriots lose• 100 dead• 450 captured• James Wright returns to run GA
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Slaves Join the Fight
• Austin Dabney and other slaves fight for Patriots
• Most slaves fight for Britian• Britian offers freedom to any slaves
who joins the fight against the colonists
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Slaves Join the Fight
• Slaves used as spys by British• Quamino Dolly led British invasion by
showing them a swamp pass• After war 10,000 Africans had to back
to slavery for siding with the British
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Battle of Kettle Creek
• Early 1779, Kettle Creek in Wilkes county
• Lt. Col. Elijah Clarke led Patriots on attack
• Gain much needed supplies and lifted the morale of the Georgian troops
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Siege of Savannah• Fall 1779• Americans aided by France try to retake
Savannah• Count Casimir Pulaski was killed during
a cavalry attack-Polish Foreign Patriot• British lose 40• Americans lose 1,000 mostly French• Savannah stays in British control to the
end of the war
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The End of the War
• 1780 Britian holds most of Georgia• Whigs and Tories fight in the
backcountry• 1781 Whigs recapture Augusta• In Yorktown the British surrender to
General George Washington
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The End of the Warin Georgia
• 1782 British and 2,000 Tories and their slaves leave Georgia
• War Ends with the Treaty of Paris in 1783
• Britian had to return Florida to Spain at the end of the war
• Unfriendly Indians still in Georgia boundaries
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Summary
• Explain the significance of people and events in Georgia on the Revolutionary War; include Loyalists, patriots, Elijah Clarke, Austin Dabney, Nancy Hart, Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, George Walton, Battle of Kettle Creek, and siege of Savannah.