THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM provides oxygen to the cells and removes carbon dioxide from the body. works...
Transcript of THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM provides oxygen to the cells and removes carbon dioxide from the body. works...
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• provides oxygen to the cells and
removes carbon
dioxide from the body.
• works closely with circulatory system.
• made of following parts:
–nasal cavity
–mouth
–trachea
–bronchi
–lungs
–diaphragm
–Nelson Science
Gas Exchange
• travels through the trachea (windpipe) to the lungs.
• trachea has cells that have hairlike projections called cilia.
• Cilia filter out and remove foreign materials (such as dust)
• oxygen enters the bloodstream in the lungs by diffusion and carbon
dioxide leaves
• gas exchange takes place in the alveoli, which are surrounded by
capillary networks containing blood.
Breathing
• Air is drawn into the lungs by
inhaling and is then pushed
out by exhaling.
• Breathing is controlled
involuntarily.
• muscles move ribs and lower
diaphragm making air flow
into lungs (inhalation)
• opposite happens for
exhalation
Diseases
• constantly exposed to substances in the
air, so it can be affected by many different
diseases.
• Tuberculosis (TB) - bacteria that are
breathed into the lungs, where they grow
• Tobacco smoke - contains carcinogens
This chest X-ray shows evidence of TB in the upper part of the lung on the right.