THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Main Function: Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, air &...
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THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Main Function: Exchanges oxygen and
carbon dioxide between the blood, air & tissues
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NOSE & MOUTH
1. Entryway for air2. Nasal hairs filter air3. Warm air before it travels to lungs
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PHARYNX
1. Throat region;2. Common
pathway for air and food
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EPIGLOTTIS
Flap that closes off the trachea when swallowing to prevent choking
up down
Animated web link tutorial
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LARYNX
1. also called Voice box or Adam's apple;
2. contains vocal cords
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TRACHEA
1. Also called the windpipe;
2. tube that carries air to lungs;
3. lined with cartilage rings to keep the trachea open
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BRONCHI & BRONCHIOLES
1. Bronchi :Two smaller tubes that Branch off from trachea into each lung
2. Bronchioles: smaller tubes that branch out further into lung
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ALVEOLI
Small air sacs responsible for exchanging gases with the blood
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LUNGS
1. Have large surface area for gas exchange
2. Right lung has three lobes; left lung has only two lobes (heart takes up space on left side)
HEALTHY LUNG
EMPHYSEMA
LUNG CANCER
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DIAPHRAGM
1. Muscular sheet under lungs that moves down as it contracts to bring air into the lung (INHALATION)
2. Air moves out of lung as diaphragm relaxes and moves upward (EXHALATION)
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NOSE
EPIGLOTTISLARYNXBRONCHIOLES
ALVEOLI
TRACHEA
DIAPHRAGM
PHARYNX
BRONCHI
MOUTH
LUNGS
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MECHANICS OF BREATHING
Tutorial Web link
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How Breathing is Controlled
1. Can somewhat control breathing 2. When you do not have enough oxygen, your
chest begins to feel tight & throat burns3. Medulla oblongata causes muscles in diaphragm
& chest to contract & force air into lungs4. Cells in medulla oblongata sense the CO2
content; when it is too high, it will cause you to inhale