The rench & ndian War

England and her Colonies

I. Salutary Neglect

A. During the early years of settlement England largely ignored her colonies. England ignored her colonies at first because she didn’t realize their value. This indifference is called salutary neglect

• The quest for power led England, Spain and France to competed against one another trying to gain as much land as possible. Power meant trying to accumulate bullion (gold and silver)

• To get bullion meant accumulating colonies world wide and requiring those colonies to send raw materials in exchange for finished products

Sailing and Shipbuilding

• Advances in shipbuilding and navigation help trade grow

• The triangular sail, rudders, and the astrolabe were some of the advancements

• France, England ,and Spain try to claim as much land around the world as possible

• This they hope will lead them to more gold and silver and eventually to:

Both England and France claimed land in the Ohio Valley It was much

more fertile and less rocky than land in New England

The French built forts west of the Appalachian Mts. to protect their

fur trade

England thought France was gaining too much land and

threatening her colonies. Both coveted the rich Ohio Valley even though Native Americans occupied

it. Both tried to get the Native Americans on their side

Reason for English Alarm

• Colonist were coming into conflict with Native Americans and the FRENCH

• The French were establishing more and more trading forts

• Native Americans were trading with the French and not them

The French built Fort Duquesne

English Reaction to the French in the Ohio Valley

• Washington builds Fort Necessity

• Washington’s defeat at the hands of the French

• Sent General Braddock to secure area

Washington’s mistake

• Rifles were only accurate up to 50 feet

• When building a fort you need to clear the forest at least 75 feet from the walls of the fort

• Washington didn’t clear enough trees

Reasons for Braddock's Failure

• 1.Formal style of marchingcolumns and rows

• 2. 32 day marchtraveled 6 milesbuilt bridges and roads

3. Dressed in bright red4. Supply wagons didn’t allow for retreat

Reasons

The ambush….. 1,000 dead out of

1,400

Washington on the road to Duquesne

It is part of a• It LASTS 7 years. Therefore the French

and Indian war is also called the

• It is fought between the British and the French over world wide dominance

The French and Indian War lastedfrom 1754 until

• 1761

Battle of Quebec

St LawrenceRiver

Early Fort Quebec

Later Fort Quebec would be located on top of the 100 foot cliffs

using them for protection

Marquis de Montcalm

Battle for Quebec

the cliffs of Quebec

General Wolf

• Head of the British forces

• Used the element of surprise to beat the French at Fort Quebec

The French make a terrible mistake

The Plains of Abraham

The French Territory in North America was called Louisiana after

King Louis

After the war, the treaty of Paris gave French territory west of the Mississippi to Spain

The Treaty of Paris also extended English Territory to the Mississippi

The Proclamation of 1763 stopped settlers from settling west of the

Appalachian Mountains

The British then made the Proclamation of 1763 to keep their markets east of the Appalachian Mtns. intact and to stop potential conflict with the Native Americans

• England needed pay for the French and Indian War ( also called the 7 years war) It felt that since the war was held on behalf of the colonist that they should help pay for it!

• They decided to tax the colonist