The Renaissance1375-1525

Raphael, The School of Athens, 1510

The Rebirth of Classical Antiquity

•Jacob Burckhardt: The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860)

•Italy close to the remnants of Rome

•New study of Latin and Greek sources (also Hebrew and Arabic)

•Appreciation of virtues of classical (pagan) Greece and Rome

•Study of Nature

•Study of History

•Secular theories of power

Sandro Botticelli, The Birth of Venus, 1486

Botticelli, Madonna and Child, 1468

Renaissance Italy

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Petrarch (Francesco Petrarca), 1304-74

The Father of Humanism

•The bourgeoisie searches for an alternative to medieval ideals

– Stressed the individual’s creativity, reason, and free will.

– Rejected original sin.– Belief in the

perfectibility of man.– Self cultivation and

virtue through education.

– The well rounded individual-- “Renaissance Man.”

– The good life is the life that is pleasing to the senses and intellect.

Humanism: Man as the Measure of All Things

Renaissance Art

• The Artist as Hero• Studied the remains of Roman

sculpture• Observations of the human

body• Mathematical perspective• Themes from classical

mythology and Old Testament • Anatomy, physiology, and

nature• Engineering

Donatello, David, 1440

The Artist as Hero

Giotto, The Mourning of Christ, 1305

Composition

Foreshortening

Chiariscuro

Perspective

Michelangelo , David, 1504

Fifth Century BCE Greek Bronze

Study of Anatomy: Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519)

Michelangelo’s Slaves for the tomb of Pope Julius, 1515

Sistine Chapel

Michelangelo, The Pieta, 1499

Brunelleschi’s Duomo, Florence

and Masaccio’s Holy Trinity, 1425

Donatello, The Feast of Herod, 1425

Leonardo, The Last Supper, 1498

St. Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City, Rome

The Renaissance Man

Jan van Eyck, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride, 1434

The Northern Renaissance

Albrecht Durer, (1471-1528), Self Portrait, 1500

Mathematical Perspective: The Lucinda

Johannes Gutenberg and moveable type printing

Gutenberg’s 1454 Bible

Hans Holbein, Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536) and the Greek New Testament 1516

Christian Humanism

Hans Holbein, Sir Thomas More, 1527