The Reforming Spirit

Bar GraphActivity

American Art andLiterature

A Call for Women’sRights

Opposing Slavery

Lesson 13 THE AGE OF REFORM

MAPS/REVIEWCoop Activity

Paragraph topics

Underground Railroad video

•Section 1:The Reforming Spirit

The Reforming ImpulseSocial reform – an organized attempt to improve what is unjust or wrong in society.

1. Current reforms:--healthcare--driving laws--prisons--medicare--educational

2. Tree Map ( classifying)

The Age of ReformThe Age of Reform

Second Great

Awakening

Second Great

Awakening

TemperanceMovement

TemperanceMovement

Hospital & Prison Reform

Hospital & Prison Reform

Improving Education Improving Education

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Powerful speakers(Charles Finney) wanted to end slavery

Powerful speakers(Charles Finney) wanted to end slavery

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Revivals=popularRevivals=popular

Stressed free will over predestination

Stressed free will over predestination

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33 44 33 44

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Hospital and Prison Reform

• Dorothea Dix = prisons/mental hospitals

• New state laws regarding people with mental illnesses/

• separate facilities• Prisons=rehabilitatio

n/ educational courses

Temperance Movement

• Banning of alcohol

• Many women supporters

• Displayed posters

• Newspaper articles

• Maine Laws

Horace Mann Improves Education:

“Education does better than to disarm the poor of their hostility toward the rich, it prevents them being poor.”

Educational Reform

Reformer: Contribution/reforms

Horace Mann Massachusetts= built new schools.

-Teachers’ pay was raised.

-Colleges were opened. ---taxes

Catharine Beecher Opened a school in Connecticut for girls

Prudence Crandall Quaker – opened a school for African American girls / arrested, tried, and convicted of a crime

Thomas Gallaudet Opened a school for the hearing-impaired

Samuel Gridley Howe

Perkins Institute – organized a school for blind students

2010 StatisticsEducation Unemployment

RatePrison Rate

College(A.A. or higher)

10 percent 8 percent

High School diploma

34 percent 22 percent

School dropout

56 percent 70 percent

http://www.americaspromise.org/~/media/Files/Resources/Consequences_of_Dropping_Out_of_High_School.ashx

2010 Social Statistics (United States)

Percent- - people

Double Bar Graph Questions:

1. What percentage of high school dropouts had a paying job in 2010?

2. How much greater are the chances that a high dropout will serve time in prison as opposed to a person with a college degree?

3. List 1 other conclusion based on the data on the graph?

Dropout Statistics•70 Percent of federal prisons are occupied by high school dropouts.

•U.S. has 46 million high school dropouts living in poverty.

•On average, one additional year of schooling will reduce the murder and assault rate by close to 30 percent, motor vehicle theft by 20 percent, arson by 13 percent, and burglary and larceny by about 6 percent.

•The U.S. death rate for those with fewer than 12 years of education is 2.5 times higher than the rate of those with a diploma or college degree.

•Section 2:Opposing Slavery

APRILAPRIL

NOVEMBERNOVEMBER

JULYJULY FEBRUARYFEBRUARY

R2-12

4. Frederick Douglass-former slave who used the power of words to make people aware of the evils of slavery; self educated; determination; reformer

3. Abolitionists – wanted to end slavery completely

3. Abolitionists – wanted to end slavery completely

5. The Underground Railroad

“Conductor” ==== leader of the escape

“Passengers” ==== escaping slaves“Tracks” ==== routes“Trains” ==== farm wagons

transporting the escaping slaves

“Depots” ==== safe houses to rest/sleep

THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD – hiding places

The Underground Railroad

The Underground Railroad

THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD

6. Response to the Antislavery Movement in North and South

Northerners saw abolition as a threat to their economy.

Southerners felt their way of life was threatened.-economy depended on cotton plantations

Harriet Tubman(1820-1913)Harriet Tubman(1820-1913)

• Helped over 300 slaves to freedom

• bounty on her head

• Served as a Union spy during the Civil War

“Moses”

A Call for Women’s Rights

•Lucy Stone

•“If a nation expects to be ignorant and free, it expects what never was and never will be.”

Thomas Jefferson

Seeking Equal Rights7. Women in the 1800’s:• couldn’t vote• couldn’t hold office• property went to husband when

married• no legal protection from beatings

or abuse from husband Isabella Baumfree– • former slave• spoke out against slavery and• supported women’s rights• *entrancing speaker

1 2

4 5 6

3entrance

your definition

Visual/drawing

List 2 synony

ms8th grade sentence

Example

to fill with wonder and delight, to

inspire(verb)

entranceentrance

entrance entrance

entrance

Sojourner Truth (1787-1883)

or Isabella Baumfree

Sojourner Truth (1787-1883)

or Isabella Baumfree

1850 The Narrative of Sojourner Truth R2-10

9. Sojourn means to travel.So she wanted her name to reflect her goal in

life which was to travel and preach to the world about women’s rights and

slavery.

Anti-Slavery Convention in London, England

• Lucretia Mott and • Elizabeth Stanton

• Attended/sat behind curtain

10. Inspired women to push for equal rights for

women in America

Steps to the Seneca Fall Convention

Awareness of lack of women’s rights

Women speak out against slavery.

Mott/Stanton attendAnti-slavery convention.

Seneca Falls Convention is held in N.Y.

11. Women’sRights

Movement

Changes in Education

12. Contrast = Different

Today’s colleges allow women.

Women study math, astronomy, etc.

Medical schools are open to women.

Women attend high schools.

Amelia Bloomer

13. Prediction?

•Section 4:American Art and Literature

Section 4 Instructions:

• Partner up• Use textbook, handout, and library

book.• Analyze information to determine the

author’s, or artist’s contributions to America’s personality.

• Complete the correct section of COS.• Be prepared to discuss author/artist

and materials.

Henry WadsworthLongfellow

Poems/short storiesMidnight Ride of Paul RevereThe Song of Hiawatha

American legendsReal American people

Walt Whitman

Poems -Leaves of Grass

Democracy- Everyday peoplePatriotic

Emily Dickinson

“My letter to the world/That never wrote to me”

poems

She wrote poems of love, loneliness, and death. People could relate to her poems.

Washington Irving

Sketch Book(Rip Van Winkle and Legend of Sleepy Hollow)Novels and short stories

His stories opened readers’ eyes to the richness of American folklore.

James F. Cooper

The Last of the MohicansThe PioneersThe Deerslayer

His stories paid tribute to the beauty and danger of the American frontier.

Herman Melville

Moby Dick examined conflict between man and nature/whaling adventures

Moby Dick

Nathanial Hawthorne

The Scarlet LetterThe House of Seven Gables(novels)

He Explored the Puritan views of guilt, innocence, good and evil.

William WellsBrown

Clotel (novel about slave life)

First African American to earn living as a writer

Edgar Allan Poe

The Tell-Tale HeartThe Raven

Short stories

His writings of death and horror reflected his troubled life; unusual /different

Ralph WaldoEmerson

Essays and lectures

Subjects: self –reliance character

leading transcendentalist

Stressed individualism

Henry DavidThoreau

Essay –Civil DisobedienceBook -Walden

He voiced dissent in a world that worshipped material progress.(believed in living a simple life)

Artist/Painter Type of Work/Genre

Hudson RiverSchool

American landscapes (beauty of Hudson River Valley)

George C. Bingham

Everyday subjects (men, horses, frontier life, etc.)

George Catlin Native Americans

15.Until the 1800s, Americans were still dominated by the ideas of the English.