THE REFLECTION OF WOMEN ATTITUDES IN CARROLL’S

ALICE IN WONDERLAND

A Thesis

Submitted to the Faculty of Cultural Sciences of Hasanuddin University in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements to Obtain

Sarjana Degree in English Department

DARMIATI

F211 13 528

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF CULTURAL SCIENCES FACULTY

HASANUDDIN UNIVERSITY

MAKASSAR

2017

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First of all, thanks to Allah SWT. for his mercy and guidance in giving the

writer full strength, health, and inspiration to complete this thesis about The

Reflection of Women Attitudes in Carroll’s Alice In Wonderland. Even facing

with some difficulties in completing this task, still managed to complete it.

A lot of thanks the writer presents to her consultans; Dra. Herawaty,

M.Hum, M.A., Ph.D. and Drs. Husain Hasyim, M.Hum. who have given the

encouragement, guidance, and suggestion to the writer for completing this thesis.

Unlimited thanks the writer says to them because they let the writer consumes

their time to give their correction toward the completion of her thesis. The writer

would like to say thank to Prof. Drs. H. Burhanuddin Arafah, M.Hum, Ph.D.

as a Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Dra.

Nasmilah, M.Hum, Ph.D. and Abbas, S.S., M.Hum. as the Head and the

secretary of English Department for their help and guidance during her study.

The writer expresses unbounded thanks to her parents; Damma and

Nadira, her brothers and her sisters for supporting the writer in love, mentally, and

physically, pray, advice, understanding, and motivation, not just during finishing

this thesis but also during whole studies in order to born as a success person

someday.

Last but not least, the writer would like to say grateful acknowledgement

to all my friends who give their support, kindness, and help to the writer.

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Nobody has perfectness, therefore, the writer considers and realizes that

this thesis still needs criticism, improvement, and suggestion as well. The writer

hopes that this thesis will give benefits for all readers.

Makassar, 30 March 2017

Writer

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ABSTRACT

This thesis is entitled The Reflection of Women Attitudes in Carroll’s Alice

in Wonderland supervised by Herawati Abas and Husain Hasyim.

The aim of this study are to investigate the attitudes of woman characters

in Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland, and to explain the attitudes of English women

during Victorian era. Alice in Wonderland is a work written in Victorian age, so

the writer would like to show the women attitudes in Victorian era through the

women characters in the story which their attitudes reflect the attitudes of women

today.

In analyzing this work, the writer used genetic structuralism approach. In

this case, the writer did not only analyze the intrinsic elements of the story but

also the extrinsic elements. Besides, the writer used the concept of gender studies,

and the theory of feminism in analyzing this study. The writer used websites as

the source to collect the data and some books which were related to the topic.

The results of this study show that the three of women characters in the

strory are very perfect to be women at this time because of the attitudes they have.

Besides, through Alice character, we can see the reflection of women today. All of

Alice attitudes can be seen from her adventures in Wonderland by meeting with

many and various people and strange creatures during her adventures. She can be

called as a perfect lady at this time because of all attitudes that owned by her show

“The Attitudes of Women Today”.

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ABSTRAK

Skripsi ini berjudul The Reflection of Women Attitudes in Carroll’s Alice

in Wonderland di bimbing oleh Herawati Abas dan Husain Hasyim.

Tujuan dari penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk meneliti attitudes tokoh-

tokoh perempuan di dalam cerita Alice in Wonderland oleh Lewis Carroll, dan

untuk menjelaskan attitudes perempuan Inggris pada era Viktoria. Alice in

Wonderland adalah sebuah karya yang di tulis pada era Viktoria, sehingga penulis

ingin menunjukkan bagaimana sikap-sikap wanita pada era Viktoria melalui

tokoh-tokoh perempuan yang ada di dalam cerita yang mana sikap mereka dapat

mencerminkan sikap-sikap perempuan pada masa kini.

Dalam menganalisis karya Carroll ini, penulis menggunakan pendekatan

Strukturalisme Genetik. Dalam hal ini, penulis tidak hanya menganalisis unsur

intrinsik cerita tetapi juga unsur-unsur ekstrinsiknya. Selain itu, penulis

menggunakan konsep studi gender, dan teori feminisme dalam menganalisis studi

ini. Penulis juga menggunakan website untuk mengumpulkan data dan beberapa

buku dari perpustakaan yang terkait dengan topik pembahasan.

Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ke tiga tokoh perempuan

yang ada di dalam cerita sangat sempurna untuk menjadi perempuan pada masa

kini karena sikap-sikap yang mereka miliki. Disamping itu, melalui karakter

Alice, kita dapat melihat refleksi dari perempuan pada saat ini. Semua sikap Alice

tersebut dapat dilihat dan di ketahui melalui petualangannya di negeri ajaib dan

ketika bertemu dengan orang-orang dan makhluk aneh selama petualangannya.

Dia bisa disebut sebagai perempuan yang sempurna pada masa kini karena semua

sikap yang ia miliki menunjukkan “the attitudes of women today”.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Tittle ..............................................................................................i

Approval .......................................................................................ii

Legitimacy ....................................................................................iii

Acknowledgement ................................................................................iv

Abstract .................................................................................................vi

Table of Contents .................................................................................viii

Chapter I : INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background ............................................................................ 1

1.2 Identification of Problem ....................................................... 3

1.3 Statement of Problems ........................................................... 4

1.4 Objectives of Problem ........................................................... 4

1.5 Significance of Writing ..........................................................4

1.6 Sequence of Writing ...............................................................5

Chapter II : LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Previous Study ........................................................................7

2.2 Genetic Structuralism Approach ............................................10

2.2.1 Structural Elements .......................................................12

2.2.2 The Social Background of Author In The Novel ..........19

2.2.3 The Social Condition of England In Victorian Era .......20

2.3 The Concept of Gender Studies .............................................22

2.4 The Theory of Feminism ........................................................24

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Chapter III : METHODOLOGY

3.1 Methodological Design ..........................................................26

3.1.1 Qualitative Research .....................................................26

3.1.2 Descriptive Analysis .....................................................27

3.2 Method of Collecting Data ....................................................28

3.3 Method of Analyzing Data ....................................................29

3.4 Procedure of The Research ....................................................29

Chapter IV: ANALYSIS

4.1 Structural Devices of the Story ..............................................31

4.1.1 Characters ....................................................................31

4.1.2 Plot .............................................................................. 45

4.1.3 Setting ......................................................................... 50

4.1.4 Theme ..........................................................................56

4.2 The Reflection of Women Attitudes ......................................57

Chapter V : CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

5.1 Conclusion ...............................................................................66

5.2 Suggestion ............................................................................... 67

Bibliography............................................................................................69

APPENDIX

Biography of Lewiss Carroll

Synopsis of Alice in Wonderland

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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Chapter I is about introduction. This chapter is the first chapter which

consists of several parts, such as background, identification of problem, statement

of problem, objectives of problem, significance of writing, and sequence of

writing. The most important thing in this chapter is that the writer would like to

explain about the chosing topic of the research and write down the problems that

have been discovered which will be the subject of analysis in the next chapter.

1.1 Background

Woman is someone who viewed from the outward appearance look

elegant or feminine. Women of course are very different from men. They are

usually very concerned about their appearance with make-up. Women who have

grown, they experience menstruation regularly every month, but sometimes

irregular. Women also have a soft heart and easily touched, so they are very easy

to shed tears or cry when see or experience the sad and happy thing. Women are

also said to be a housewife for a married because they can give birth from puberty

until menopause, breastfeeding, taking care of their children and do household

chores. Besides, women have a maternal side and charitable.

Attitude is a person's reaction or response of a thing that usually can affect

an individual's choice of action. It can be a positive or a negative attitude decision,

depends on what they are facing. Attitude can usually be described as the behavior

or can be used to determine someone’s character, whether the person is a good

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person or bad, wise or not, polite or rude and others. The attitude of a person

usually also depends on the environment in which they live, how the people in the

area, and how the interaction of others or with the society.

Victorian Era is like a new world to us. Ethics is expected to be applied by

every women depending on their social class. Even so, the mother expects her

daughter to learn proper etiquette. In the reign of Queen Victoria of England, there

is ethic policy that participated together her government, for example, upper-class

women should look graceful. But even so, the most important thing about the

ethics of women at this time is very different from the present. Women in this

period is to maintain ethic or their attitude, they should not talk nonsense. When

speak, they should not make a sound that is annoying. In other words, they should

not emit a tone sounds they want. Not only that, when running any women in this

age should not be the origin of the road, they should not make too much noise or

make noise when walking, even they cannot show their legs. The most important

thing we need to know at this time is that all Victorian women without exception

either single or married are all expected to be weak and helpless, and all women

should be graceful, look beautiful, elegant, wear corset, and wear gown.

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland or Alice in Wonderland (1865) is a

fiction story that was written by English writer, Lewis Carroll. Alice in

Wonderland including Classical English literary works and it is one of the works

that has been widely known in the world, especially in terms of children's stories.

Alice in Wonderland is a very interesting story which talks about a girl named

Alice who got lost in Wonderland filled with lots of strange creatures through a

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rabbit hole. This story was written in Victorian Age. Victorian Age is an era

where the Queen Victoria leads. The Victorian era in the history of Great Britain

is the period of the reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 until her death in 1901. In

this Age, there were so many literary works which are so unique, diverse genres,

and themes typical narrated with a unique storytelling techniques. One of them is

Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll.

The reasons why the writer chooses Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll

and takes a title about “The Reflection of Women Attitudes” because this work

narrates how the young women’s attitudes in the Victorian Age and makes it

opposite. Besides, this story is also extraordinary and unique because Alice in

Wonderland has implicit critics to society thas is conveyed through Alice

character and figure who she meets in Wonderland. These figure are actually

symbolization of adults in the real life. These things are attractive, unique all at

once because story about Alice in Wonderland was written in the Victorian Age,

where the books were published to internalize moral values into society.

1.2 Identification of Problem

The aim of this research is to specifically analyze a novel with the title

Alice in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll. In order to make this study is in a good

arrangement and make this research runs smoothly without getting lost in the

middle of the research or to make easier in writing the research, the writer

immediately narrows down the scope of problem of this study. In this case, the

writer focuses on discussing about The Reflection of Women Attitudes that the

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author puts on his novel. The identification problems that are related to the title

are:

1. Alice attitudes as reflection the women attitudes today.

2. Some of Alice characters showed women attitudes in Victorian age and

some are not.

1.3 Statement of Problems

The novel Alice in Wonderland is a very good literary work, and this novel

can be highlighted from some aspects, so that the writer formulates the problems

as follows:

1. How are the women attitudes reflected in Alice in Wonderland?

2. How are Alice attitudes similar the women of Victorian age and today?

1.4 Objectives of Problem

Based on the questions that have been formulated, the purpose of this

research are:

1. To describe women attitudes reflected in Alice in Wonderland.

2. To describe Alice similar attitudes with the women of Victorian age and

today.

1.5 Significance of Writing

This research is expected to be benefical and can give contribution to the

development of knowledge about The Reflection of Women Attitudes related to

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Alice in Wonderland novel, so that it can be a good source for those who want to

do similar research, using either the same object, method of research, or theoritical

background that used in this study. The writer hopes that this research will not

only be able to broaden the writer knowledge and understanding about The

Reflection of Women Attitudes and about Genetic structuralism approach, but also

to give others additional information, so this research can be useful.

1.6 Sequence of Writing

This Research is entitled The Reflection Of Women Attitudes in

Carroll’s Alice in Wonderland, it consists of five chapters. The chapters are

organized as follows:

1. The first chapter consists of background of research, which contains several

explanations of the reasons in choosing the novel and the title of the research,

identification of problem, statement of problem, the objectives of problem,

significance of writing, and the sequence of writing.

2. The second chapter presents the previous studies of the research, theoretical

background, structural elements of the story, the social background of author

in the novel, the social condition of England in Victorian era, the concept of

gender studies, and the theory of feminism.

3. The third chapter involves the reserach methodology, which consists of

methodological design, qualitative research, descriptive analysis, method of

collecting data, method of analyzing data, and procedure of the research.

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4. Chapter four is about the analysis of the research which consists of structural

elements of the story such as character, plot, setting, and theme and also the

reflection of women attitudes as the title of the research.

5. The last chapter is chapter five which is the conclusion and the suggestion.