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THE READING ABILITY OF THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS

OF SMP N 5 KUDUS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014

TAUGHT BY USING PQ4R STRATEGY

By:

EVI KRISTIANAWATI

NIM. 200932194

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2014

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THE READING ABILITY OF THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS OF

SMP N 5 KUDUS IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014

TAUGHT BY USING PQ4R STRATEGY

SKRIPSI

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for completing the Sarjana Program

In the Department of English Education

By

Evi Kristianawati

NIM 200932194

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2014

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MOTTO AND DEDICATION

MOTTO:

Allah is my place for begging everything. (QS Al Ikhlas:2)

Success is counted sweetest by those who never succeed. (Emily Dickinson)

This final project is dedicated to:

Allah SWT, my great power.

My beloved father and mother (Kumaidi and Nani

Suwarni), thank you for your love.

My dearest brother (Sendi Rizal)

My “inspiring” comrade (M. Syaifuddin) Lucky I have you,

thanks for everything.

My best friend “The Blueberry”Herlina and Puput thanks for

your loyality.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirrobbil’alamin. There will never be another greatest thank

except to Allah SWT, the Almighty for the remarkable blessing and mercy to me,

so that this skripsi entitled “The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of

SMP N 5 Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy”

is able to accomplished.

This skripsi is not merely her own work because of having been greatly

improved by some great people around her who suggested and guided her by

giving comments and advises to make it better. One point is this skripsi is

arranged to fulfill the one or requirements for completing the sarjana program.

Therefore I would like to express her great gratitude to the:

1. Dr. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd, the Dean of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty.

2. Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd, the Head of English Education Department and

the second advisor who is willing to spend a lot of time to guide some

advises to make this skripsi.

3. Drs. Suprihadi, M.Pd, the first advisor who is very helpful in giving

corrections and suggestions in arranging this skripsi.

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4. Turaekan, S.Pd, as head master and Eka Ida Indriani, S.Pd, M.Pd, as a teacher

of SMP N 5 Kudus who has given permission and opportunity to herby doing

the research.

5. All of the English lecturers of English Education Department of Teacher

Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.

6. Her beloved father and mother (Mr. Khumaidi and Mrs. Nani Suwarni) thank

you for the way you have been caring her with your love and affection.

7. Her beloved brother (Sendi Rizal).

8. All the English Education Department 2009 friends as her companions in

arm.

9. Her civitas, Muria Kudus University which have been the institute of her

study.

There is no greatest obstacle in writing this skripsi than avoiding then

temptation of being perfect. Therefore, suggestion from the readers will be fully

appreciated and always waited. He do expects that this research will be useful for

those, especially who are in the field of education.

Last but not least, thanks for everyone who involved finishing making this

skripsi better.

Kudus, September 2014

Evi Kristianawati

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ABSTRACT

Kristianawati, Evi. 2014. The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of

SMP N 5 Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 Taught by Using PQ4R

Strategy. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and

Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Drs. H.

Suprihadi, M.Pd. (ii) Diah Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd

Key words: reading ability, PQ4R strategy.

Reading is one of the most important academic tasks faced by students.

The students of the eighth grade students of SMP N 5 Kudus have less reading

ability. Difficulties in reading are usually attributable to one or more factors. The

first factor is the lack of students’ interest. Most of them do not like reading

assigments, because by reading is long and boring. The second is the lack of the

students’ concentration. They have difficulties to find out the topic or main idea

and even information of text. Students can become easily frustrated when they do

not understand what they are reading. The last factor is inappropriate strategy

used in teaching reading. Considering that reasons, I want to apply PQ4R as

strategy to improve students’ reading ability.

The objective of the research is to find out whether there is any

significant difference of the reading ability of the eighth grade students of SMP N

5 Kudus in academic year 2013/2014 before and after being taught by using

PQ4R Strategy. The writer uses cluster random sampling technique in taking the

sample of the research. The writer gets VIII B as the sample of the research. There

are 34 students. The design of this research was experimental research. The writer

uses one group pre-test and post-test.

After conducting the treatment of reading ability of the eighth grade

students of SMP N 5 Kudus in academic year 2013/2014 taught by using PQ4R

Strategy, The result of the experiment can be seen that the calculation of t-test,

with the level of significance 0.05, the Degree of Freedom (Df) is 33, and t-table

(tt) 2.04, the t- obtained (to) 4.33. In the other words, t-obtained is higher than t-

table. The reading ability of the eighth grade students of SMP N 5 Kudus after

being taught by using PQ4R Strategy is “good”. It is showed by the mean is 79.3

and the standard deviation is 8.4. It is higher than the mean of the reading ability

of the eighth grade students of SMP N 5 Kudus before being taught by using

PQ4R Strategy in academic year 2013/2014 which the mean 68.9 and standard

deviation is 10. It is categorized as “sufficient”. It means that the Null Hypothesis

(H0) is rejected and the Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) is confirmed.

Based on the result of the research above, I suggest that the teacher

should give an interesting material to avoid the students’ boredom and use an

interesting strategy to make the student enjoyable like PQ4R.

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ABSTRAK

Kristianawati, Evi. 2014. Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Kelas VIII di SMP N 5

Kudus Tahun Akademik 2013/2014 diajarkan Menggunakan Strategy

PQ4R. Skripsi. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas

Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Drs. H. Suprihadi, M.Pd, (ii) Diah

Kurniati, S.Pd, M.Pd

Kata Kunci: Kemampuan membaca, Strategy PQ4R.

Membaca merupakan salah satu tugas penting akademik yang dihadapi

siswa. Siswa kelas VIII di SMP N 5 Kudus mempunyai kemampuan membaca

yang lemah. Kesulitan-kesulitan dalam membaca biasanya diakibatkan oleh lebih

dari satu faktor. Faktor pertama adalah kurangnya minat siswa. Sebagian besar

dari mereka tidak suka tugas membaca. Hal itu mungkin disebabkan karena

membaca pasti lama dan membosankan. Faktor kedua adalah kurangnya

konsentrasi siswa. Mereka mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari topik atau ide

pokok bahkan informasi dari bacaan. Siswa dengan mudah menjadi frustasi ketika

mereka tidak paham apa yang mereka baca. Faktor terakhir adalah penggunaan

strategi yang tidak cocok dalam mengajar membaca. Menanggapi alasan-alasan

tersebut, saya ingin mengaplikasikan PQ4R sebagai strategi untuk meningkatkan

kemampuan membaca siswa.

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adakah perbedaan yang

signifikan kemampuan membaca siswa kelas VIII di SMP N 5 Kudus tahun

akademik 2013/2014 antara sebelum dan sesudah diajar menggunakan strategi

PQ4R. Penulis menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak dan

kelompok. Penulis mendapatkan kelas VIII B sebagai sampel penelitian. Terdapat

34 siswa dalam kelas tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan

penelitian eksperimen sebagai rancangan penelitian. Penulis menggunakan satu

kelompok untuk kelompok pre-test dan post-test.

Hasil dari eksperimen tersebut menunjukkan bahwa perhitungan t-test

pada tingkat signifikan 0.05, Degree of Freedom (Df) adalah 33, dan t-table (tt)

2.04, t-obtained (t0) 4.33. Dengan kata lain, t-obtained lebih tinggi dari pada t-

table. Pemahaman membaca siswa kelas delapan SMP N 5 Kudus setelah

diajarkan menggunakan PQ4R Strategy tahun pelajaran 2013/2014 adalah

“baik”. Hal tersebut dapat di tunjukkan dengan nilai rata-rata dengan rata-rata

nilai 79.3 dan standard deviation dengan nilai 8.4. nilai tersebut lebih tinggi

dibandingkan dengan rata-rata membaca pemahaman siswa kelas delapan SMP N

5 Kudus sebelum diajarkan menggunakan PQ4R Strategy tahun pelajaran

2013/2014 dengan nilai rata-rata 68.9 dan nilai standard deviation adalah 10.

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Dengan nilai tersebut dapat dikategorikan “cukup”. Itu berarti bahwa Null

Hypothesis (H0) adalah tidak diterima dan Alternative Hypothesis (Ha) adalah

diterima.

Berdasarkan hasil peneltitian diatas, saya menyarankan bahwa guru harus

memberikan bahan pelajaran yang menarik untuk menghindari rasa bosan siswa

dan menggunakan strategi yang menarik untuk membuat siswa merasa nyaman

seperti PQ4R.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER ............................................................................................................. i

LOGO ................................................................................................................ ii

TITLE ............................................................................................................... iii

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ....................................................................... iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL .............................................................................. v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ........................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................... vii

ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................ x

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ xii

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................... xv

LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................................... xvi

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................. xvii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................... 6

1.3 Objectives of the Research ....................................................................... 6

1.4 Significance of the Research ..................................................................... 6

1.5 Scope of the Research ............................................................................... 7

1.6 Operational Definition .............................................................................. 8

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND

HYPHOTHESIS

2.1 Teaching English in SMP N 5 Kudus ....................................................... 9

2.1.1 The curriculum of English Teaching in SMP N 5 Kudus ........................ 10

2.1.2 The purpose of English Teaching in SMP N 5 Kudus .............................. 11

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2.1.3 The Method of Teaching Reading in SMP N 5 Kudus ............................ 12

2.1.4 The Material of Teaching English in SMP N 5 Kudus ............................ 13

2.2 Reading ..................................................................................................... 13

2.2.1 Kinds of Reading ...................................................................................... 15

2.3 PQ4R Strategy .......................................................................................... 16

2.3.1 Teaching Reading by Using PQ4R Strategy ............................................ 20

2.4 Review to Previous Research ................................................................... 22

2.5 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................ 23

2.6 Hypothesis ................................................................................................ 24

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Design of the Research ............................................................................. 25

3.2 Population and Sample ............................................................................. 27

3.2.1 Population ................................................................................................. 27

3.2.2 Sample ....................................................................................................... 28

3.3 Instrument of the Research ...................................................................... 28

3.4 Technique of Collecting Data ................................................................... 30

3.5 Technique of Analyzing Data ................................................................... 31

CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Finding of The Research ........................................................................... 35

4.1.1 The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5

Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 Before being Taught by Using

PQ4R Strategy .......................................................................................... 36

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4.1.2 The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5

Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 After being Taught by Using

PQ4R Strategy .......................................................................................... 39

4.2 Hypothesis Testing ................................................................................... 42

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

5.1 The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5

Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 before being Taught by using

PQ4R Strategy .......................................................................................... 46

5.2 The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5

Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 after being Taught by Using

PQ4R Strategy .......................................................................................... 47

5.3 The Significant Difference of Reading Ability of the the Eighth

Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014

Before and After being Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy ......................... 49

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 51

6.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................. 51

BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ 53

APPENDICES .................................................................................................. 55

STATEMENT .................................................................................................. 93

CURICULUM VITAE ..................................................................................... 94

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LIST OF TABLE

Table Page

3.1 The Population of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus

in the Academic Year 2013/2014 ........................................................... 28

4.1 The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5

Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 before being Taught by Using

PQ4R Strategy ........................................................................................ 36

4.2 The Frequency Distribution of the Reading Ability of the Eighth

Grade Students of SMP 5 Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014

before being Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy ....................................... 37

4.3 The Reading Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5

Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014 after being Taught by Using

PQ4R Strategy ........................................................................................ 39

4.4 The Frequency Distribution of the Reading Ability of the Eighth

Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus in Academic Year 2013/2014

after being Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy .......................................... 41

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

4.1 The Bar Diagram of the Frequency Distribution in Reading

Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus in

Academic Year 2013/2014 before being Taught by Using PQ4R

Strategy ................................................................................................. 38

4.2 The Bar Diagram of the Frequency Distribution in Reading

Abilityof the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus in

Academic Year 2013/2014 After being Taught by Using PQ4R

Strategy ................................................................................................. 41

4.3 Sampling Distribution Showing t-obtained Versus t-critical α

0.05 two tailed test, df=33 .................................................................... 45

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix Page

1. The Syllabus of Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus in

Academic Year 2013/2014 ........................................................................... 55

2. Lesson Plan of Teaching by PQ4R Strategy ................................................ 57

3. Pre-test and Post-test sheet .......................................................................... 70

4. The Tabulation of Try Out test..................................................................... 77

5. Reliability of Try Out ................................................................................... 78

6. The Reading Ability Score of before Taught by Using PQ4R

Strategy ........................................................................................................ 79

7. The calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of The Reading

Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus After

Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy .................................................................. 80

8. The Reading Ability Score after Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy ............. 82

9. The calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of The Reading

Ability of the Eighth Grade Students of SMP N 5 Kudus After

Taught by Using PQ4R Strategy .................................................................. 83

10. The Calculation of t-test (t0) ........................................................................ 85

11. Critical Value of t-table ................................................................................ 88