THE PROVINCIAL GRAND LODGE OF RENFREWSHIRE EAST

The PGLREHandbook forNew Intrants

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This has been produced by the Provincial Grand Lodge of Renfrewshire East.

©PGLRE.org 2015

The PGLRE Handbook forNew Intrants to Freemasonry

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Contents

Welcome ............................................................................................................ 5What is Freemasonry? ....................................................................................... 6What Now? ........................................................................................................ 7Visiting ............................................................................................................... 7

Why We Visit Other Lodges ............................................................................. 8The Visitor’s Reply ........................................................................................... 8

Masonic Charity ................................................................................................. 8Lodge Collections ............................................................................................. 8

The Masonic Meeting ........................................................................................ 9Masonic Signs and Salutes ................................................................................. 9

“So mote it be”................................................................................................. 10Squaring the Lodge Carpet ..............................................................................10‘Addressing Brethren’....................................................................................... 10Standing for the National Anthem ........................................................................ 10Apologies ........................................................................................................ 10

Masonic Regalia: Dress Code ............................................................................ 11The Apron ....................................................................................................... 11Jewels ............................................................................................................. 11

Masonic Symbolism: A Universal Language ...................................................... 12What’s the Purpose of Ritual? ........................................................................ 12The Three Degrees .......................................................................................... 13Learning Ritual ................................................................................................ 13

The Lodge Office-bearers .................................................................................. 14Progressive Offices (these may vary from Lodge to Lodge) ............................ 14Non-progressive Offices .................................................................................. 14

Progressive Offices ............................................................................................ 15Stewards ......................................................................................................... 15Inner Guard ..................................................................................................... 15The Deacons ................................................................................................... 15The Wardens ................................................................................................... 15The Substitute Master (SM) The Depute Master (DM) ................................. 15The Master ...................................................................................................... 16

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Non-progressive Offices ....................................................................................16Immediate Past Master (IPM) ......................................................................... 16Secretary ......................................................................................................... 16Treasurer ......................................................................................................... 16Chaplain .......................................................................................................... 17Director of Ceremonies (DoC) ......................................................................... 17Almoner .......................................................................................................... 17Organist .......................................................................................................... 17The Tyler ......................................................................................................... 17

The Lodge Fixtures and Fittings ........................................................................ 18The Square Pavement or Carpet ..................................................................... 18The Master’s and Wardens’ Chairs ................................................................. 18The Lodge Charter .......................................................................................... 18The Holy Book ................................................................................................. 18The Moveable Jewels ...................................................................................... 18The ‘Immovable’ Jewels .................................................................................. 19The Wardens’ Columns ................................................................................... 19The Working Tools of the Masonic Degrees .................................................... 19Lodge Banner (or Lodge Standard) ................................................................. 19The Ballot ........................................................................................................ 19The Lodge Gavel, Mallet or Maul ..................................................................... 19

The Structure of Freemasonry .......................................................................... 20The Grand Lodge of Scotland ............................................................................20

Lodges Overseas ............................................................................................. 20The Provincial Grand Lodge (PGL) of Renfrewshire East.................................... 20A Final Word ..................................................................................................... 21Famous Freemasons ......................................................................................... 22Further Reading ................................................................................................ 22Useful Web Addresses ...................................................................................... 23

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Welcome

As the Provincial Grand Master (PGM) I welcome you to Scottish Freemasonry in the Province of Renfrewshire East. Now that you have been initiated into your Lodge you have become a member of one of the world’s oldest fraternal societies. As a Freemason, you may refer to our society informally as ‘the Craft’. Your Masonic education and enlightenment begins with your Initiation and there are many lessons to be learned. I wish you a happy journey learning as much as you can about our Craft, your purpose in it, and our purpose in society.

You have been introduced into Freemasonry by two members of your Mother Lodge (the Lodge where you were initiated is always referred to as your Mother Lodge) known as your ‘Proposer’ and ‘Seconder’. You should refer to all members of our Craft as Brothers. One of the members of your Mother Lodge will usually act as your Intender or Mentor, and he will be able to answer any questions you may have. He will ensure you are informed, guided and supported through your Masonic journey, which we trust, is happy and successful.

We hope your family and loved ones will enjoy their association with your Lodge and Freemasonry generally. Freemasonry, like so many other forces for good, forms an important part of the fabric of our local communities. Together we strive to take pleasure from our Masonic associations and extended family, become better people; actively and financially support charitable and other good causes while learning to find meaning and stability in an often turbulent and difficult world.

This booklet is intended to offer you a brief introduction to Freemasonry, your Lodge, and help answer some of the questions you may have. You may also find useful information on our website at www.pglre.org

As a new Initiate you now have an open invitation to the Provincial Grand Lodge ‘New Members Seminar’, which takes place annually. At this meeting you can ask questions, and discuss matters of our Craft which are important to you.

Bro. John MillerProvincial Grand Master

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What is Freemasonry?

The origins of Freemasonry are subject to scholarly debate with little agreement. The origins of Scottish Freemasonry differ to English or American Freemasonry. This is a huge area for research and one that can provide great enjoyment. In Scottish Freemasonry, we are rightly proud of our traditions, that said, what Freemasonry means to you can be personal. A formal definition of what Freemasonry is can be defined as:

1 A body of men banded together for the purpose of mutual intellectual, social and moral improvement, pledged to preserve historic traditions. Freemasons endeavour to cultivate and exhibit brotherly love and charity to one another and the world at large and, as individuals, search for enlightenment and truth.

2 The essential condition for membership is a belief in a Supreme Being.

3 Freemasonry recognises no distinction of religion and emphasises the duties of loyalty and citizenship. It does not permit any of its members to discuss religious or political questions in its Lodges, as these can be divisive. Our Craft is inclusive to all men regardless of colour or creed.

4 It offers no financial advantages binding one Freemason to deal with another, or to support him in any way in the ordinary business relations of life.

5 We support a wide variety of Masonic and non-Masonic charities and good causes. However, Freemasonry is not in any financial sense a mutual- benefit society.

6 Freemasonry teaches that a man’s first duty is to his family.

7 Each Freemason should be sure:

• He desires the intellectual and moral improvement of himself and others;

• He is willing to devote time, means and efforts in the promotion of brotherly love, relief and truth;

• He seeks no commercial, social or financial advantages; and,

• He is able to afford the necessary expenditure without detriment to himself or his dependants.

Your Intender can point you in the right direction if you would like to find out more.

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What Now?

You are now a member of the Craft, a term used to describe the Three Degrees of Freemasonry. As an Entered Apprentice your next step will be to progress through the remaining two Degrees - Fellow Craft and Master Mason. The Degrees or ritual often use old language, and certain steps and movements, which are all rich with meaning and symbolism. What they mean can only be revealed by study. Your Lodge Intender, Proposer and others will help you grasp the meaning of each ceremony, take you to see other ceremonies where you will have opportunities to meet Brethren of different Lodges.

When you eventually become a Master Mason you can then take a more active part in your own ‘Mother’ Lodge’s ritual, or any other Lodge you may join. Each Office-bearer of the Lodge has a role to play in each ceremony that is performed, although taking Office is a choice, and not a requirement. If you decide to hold Office, you will be expected to learn your part in the ritual and play a role in the Degree ceremony with other Brethren of your Lodge.

All of our ceremonies are recited from memory, and therefore you will be expected to take time to learn ritual from a book written for that purpose, if you wish to take part. Your Lodge Craft Ritual Book has missing or abbreviated words to help keep the ceremony special, but you will be given these words verbally when required. Don’t worry - members of your Lodge will help you with any learning on practice nights and the Lodge Intender and his team will give you additional support as required.

At your Initiation you were presented with the Book of Constitution and Laws. You will find this a useful reference for further information about our organisation. Don’t worry too much about this now, but be aware that most queries can be answered by reading through this book.

Visiting

Your Lodge Intender will usually give you a Lodge diary. He will guide you in putting important dates in your diary, and will also ensure that you have the contact details of your Intender, the Lodge Secretary, and the Lodge Master should you wish to talk things over with them. One of the joys of Freemasonry is visiting other Lodges. Often you will be invited by a Brother who knows you are a member of the Craft. If you anticipate visiting a Lodge where you are not known, you will need to take a test to confirm you are a Freemason. This is simply what you learned during your Degree when you were asked words while demonstrating handshakes or grips. Your Intender will be pleased to help you with this.

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Why We Visit Other Lodges

You are advised to visit a Lodge and see someone else being initiated as soon as possible after becoming a Freemason. In doing so, you will gain greater understanding of what happened to you and why. Much of the enjoyment that Freemasonry offers comes from visiting since Scottish Lodge Degrees vary greatly. It is by getting out and about and visiting other Lodges, that you will appreciate the true fraternity of our Craft. Please remember to sign the Lodge book, and always remember to record your Lodge number next to your name. Such books act as an historical record of who visits.

The Visitor’s Reply

There is a possibility, that as a visitor, you could be called upon to reply on behalf of the visitors. All that is required is to comment briefly on the Degree and bring fraternal greetings from you own Master and Brethren. There is a very simple formula. Thank the Lodge Master for the warmth of his welcome, thank the Degree Team or the Brother who gave a presentation for their work, comment on what you gained from this, and finally end with bringing fraternal greetings from all visitors, but most especially your Mother Lodge, name and number. It really is that simple, and a great deal of fun. Remember when you attend the next meeting of your Mother Lodge, when the Master asks if anyone has a report, that you mention visiting another Lodge. The Brethren of your Lodge will be pleased to see that you are learning about the Craft, and that you are representing your Mother Lodge.

Masonic Charity

As you learned at your initiation, charity has been a significant part of Freemasonry since its earliest days, although unlike other fundraising organisations such as Round Table or Rotary, most of the money we raise comes out of our own pockets. So whilst every Brother is expected to contribute, it’s important that no one should over-commit himself to charitable giving. As part of a much larger Provincial, National, and International family, like all good families, welfare is important. We should strive to help our Brethren and their families who are ill, or in distressed circumstances. When Freemasons or their dependents fall upon hard times, financial assistance may be available from their Lodge, Provincial Benevolent Fund or the Grand Lodge Benevolent Fund.

Lodge CollectionsThe Deacons circulate a plate at each meeting to collect money for Lodge funds.

Put an amount of your choosing in the plate. How the proceeds of the collection are applied is a matter for individual Lodges. You may also wish to consider making a regular contribution using a Standing Order or Direct Debit from your bank.

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The Masonic Meeting

Most Lodges meet at least once per month, and some Lodges do not meet between June and September (the Summer recess) to allow Brethren to relax and spend more time with their families. The Lodge meetings are usually on the same day of the month with occasionally a rehearsal for a Masonic ceremony. It is helpful to put these dates in your diary so you can plan personal activities around them. Most Lodges will have their own syllabus printed as a booklet or available on their Lodge website.

The Lodge meeting will begin by approving minutes of the last meeting, followed by discussing financial accounts, proposing and balloting for new members. Meetings are very structured and follow set patterns.

However Degree ceremonies tend to be very different from Lodge to Lodge, which in Scotland makes them unique and more interesting. What follows are ceremonies, lectures or special items which form the core of the formal Lodge Meeting. These are the parts of the meeting that attract vistors, and often form the basis of a small speech after the ceremony.

Some Lodges have a dinner following the meeting which is the best opportunity to get to know your Lodge Brethren and meet visiting members from other Lodges. Many Lodges have a social club, where one can meet other Masons informally.

You should attend all meetings of your Mother Lodge as an Entered Apprentice, Fellow Craft or Master Mason. Before you are made a Master Mason you may have to retire for a short while when workings above your Degree are being performed. Your Proposer and/or Intender should accompany you at this time.

Remember; if you are unable to attend a meeting please send an apology to the Lodge Secretary or another Brother to note your name in the apology book.

Masonic Signs and SalutesSalutes or signs are used in Lodge meetings depending on the Degree worked.

Each Degree has a different sign or signs. You will already know the First Degree Sign. You will be taught the others when you progress as a Freemason. You will have seen that whenever a Brother speaks to the Master in the Lodge Room (nowhere else), a salute is given. The salute is the sign of the Degree in which the Lodge is working at the time. However, when on your feet in any Lodge you will stand at fidelity.

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“So mote it be”

Often you will hear the term “so mote it be” in a Lodge. This means “may it be so!”, or “so be it!” This phrase is used now in Freemasonry instead of the Hebrew word “Amen”. If an organist is present the words can be sung at the end of hymns and prayers. Sometimes, for example, after a spoken Grace at the harmony, it is simpler just to say “Amen”.

Squaring the Lodge Carpet

The custom in a Lodge for moving about the Lodge Room when your Lodge is at work depends entirely on which ritual the Lodge uses. Some rituals demand conscientious clockwise ‘squaring’ of the carpet at all times; while others allow more freedom of movement. ‘Stepping-off with the left foot’ is standard practice in Masonic ritual, taken from customs in ancient times. It was considered that stepping off from the left foot as you entered a dwelling you symbolically destroyed evil spirits. Ask your Proposer or Seconder, or your Intender for the practice in your own Lodge, particularly when moving near the altar.

‘Addressing Brethren’

At a Lodge meeting, when addressing or referring to a Brother by name, the format is ‘Brother (surname)’ - no other titles are used in Scottish Lodges. Only the Master is given the title ‘Right Worshipful’. You address the Warden as ‘Worshipful (Junior or Senior) Warden’. When addressing Brethren by their Office, the correct form is ‘Brother Secretary’ or ‘Brother Treasurer’. The Grand Master Mason of Scotland is addressed as the ‘Most Worshipful Grand Master Mason’ in Lodge. He is referred to as ‘Brother (name)’ outside of the Lodge or simply as ‘Sir’.

Standing for the National Anthem

The correct posture when singing the National Anthem is to be standing upright, hands at the sides; otherwise at all other times you will stand at fidelity, unless your hands are being used in ritual, or for emphasis when speaking.

Apologies

If you cannot attend a Lodge meeting, do send apologies to the Secretary or another Brother in advance. If you hold office, then the Master or DoC will need to know well in advance to organise a replacement if you have a speaking part to open or close the Lodge, or in any Degree ritual.

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Masonic Regalia: Dress Code

The dress code in most Lodges is similar: a dark lounge suit, white shirt, black shoes and socks. An appropriate tie is either plain black or Lodge tie.

The Apron

Your apron is rich with symbolism. It is possible that the string that tied your apron when you were initiated was allowed to hang down at the front. These ends of string are the ancestors of the ornamental fringe seen on 18th century Masons’ aprons, and of the ‘tassels’ on the aprons worn by all Brethren who are Master Masons.

There are a number of Masonic papers on the symbolism of regalia should you be interested in finding out more. The PGL Library is available to you via the PGLRE Website - www.pglre.org <http://www.pglre.org/>

The colour of your apron in the Scottish Craft has been decided by your Lodge (and agreed by Grand Lodge). Unlike most other constitutions which use light blue governed by their GL, we have no such rule. Hence the array of colours on display when you visit Scottish Lodges.

Jewels

You will notice that many of the Brethren in Lodges wear medals, or also known as breast Jewels. These Jewels can be categorised as:

• Past Masters’ Jewels • Centenary Jewels • Founder members’ Jewels • Members Jewels

Jewels refer to the pendants on the collars that the Office-bearers in any Lodge wear. They may also be referred to as ‘collar Jewels’.

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Masonic Symbolism: A Universal Language

Masonry is often described as “a peculiar system of morality, veiled in allegory and illustrated by symbols” and indeed Freemasonry is rich in symbolism.

You should regard your Initiation as the beginning of your Masonic career of self-discovery and your relationship to your fellow man. When you start to learn the ritual it is equally as important to focus upon the meaning of the words as it is to commit them to memory. This is discussed more fully on the following page in ‘Learning Ritual’.

Symbols are described as a universal language because they present the message in a way that is understood by all and does not depend on words that are different in various languages. Symbolism is part of everyday life. The printed word is basically a symbol; road signs; mathematical symbols; the striped barber’s shop pole etc.

What is the Purpose of Ritual?

The purpose of ritual is to remind the Candidate of certain ethical and moral precepts, awakening in him respect and tolerance for ideas and beliefs that may be alien or foreign to him. It is for this reason that Brethren are required to avoid discussion of religious and political issues when inside the Lodge, as these are topics which can easily divide men.

In every culture, ritual is used to transmit knowledge and understanding important to that culture. In Freemasonry, ritual promotes self-knowledge, tolerance and philanthropy. This is highlighted by three great Masonic principles: Brotherly Love, Relief and Truth. The art of memory is described in many old Scottish stonemason documents and is an essential part of the Craft ritual.

Ritual is important. It is something that has been passed down through the centuries from Mason to Mason, and makes our fraternity unique. Books explaining Lodge ritual can be accessed at the Provincial Grand Lodge library. Visit the website for details: www.pglre.org/library

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The Three Degrees

The ritualistic ceremonies of the Three Degrees are the foundation of the Craft. In the ceremonies are contained all the philosophy and lessons of Freemasonry. An interesting aspect of Freemasonry is the opportunity to discover different meanings and a greater understanding of symbolism in the ceremonies. While members of your Lodge may have seen the same ceremony many times (although the Officer-bearers may be different, and the Candidate will be different) it is always possible to learn something new in the ritual. It is possible to be a Lodge member for many years, and still discover something new or revealing in out rituals.

Learning Ritual

For some new Freemasons learning the ritual or ‘floor work’ may be the first time you have memorised a piece of text since leaving school. We all find different ways that work for us, but these are some ideas which can help:

• Understand what you have to say. Have a dictionary to hand whilst learning the ritual.

• If you understand what you are saying to a Candidate, you will notice that they are more likely to listen and understand what is being said to them.

• When learning a paragraph, add the first two or three words of the next paragraph so you’ll always know the link to the next part.

• Speak clearly and slowly to keep attention, and maintain confidence.

• Practice saying ritual whilst washing up, or performing some other household chore. Engaging in other tasks while learning will teach you to cope with distractions. Practice wherever possible, walking to work, driving your car, taking the dog for a walk.

• Recite out loud and use different voices (even funny ones): this can help you deliver the ritual with meaning and expression.

• Attend the practice or Degree rehearsal (also known as an instruction class) if it takes place. There is no substitute. Practice is essential with floor work. Timing, and reciting the ritual out loud in front of your peers

in a relaxed forum will greatly assist your progress.

• Sometimes it is useful to rehearse timings in your head, e.g. by silently counting ‘one, two, three, four’, to help you when taking part in ritual with others.

• Read the entire ritual, so you learn when it’s your turn to speak.

• Above all, take pride in your work and your ‘Craft’. It is well worth the effort.

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The Lodge Office-bearers

These are members of a Lodge that have a unique role in the running of that Lodge. The Office-bearers wear regalia which designate their duties in that office. Most Office-bearers hold each office for one year. Usually a Brother would progress through these offices on a path from Steward to the highest honour within a Lodge, the Lodge Master. Such a pathway is called ‘progressive office’.

Progressive Offices (these may vary from Lodge to Lodge)

1 Inner Guard 2 Junior Deacon 3 Senior Deacon 4 Junior Warden (WJW) 5 Senior Warden (WSW) 6 Substitute/Depute Master 7 Right Worshipful Master (RWM)

Non-progressive Offices

The Non-progressive Office-bearers hold special roles within a Lodge, but they do not usually lead to the Brother becoming the Master of his Lodge. Such Officers in a Lodge may include:

1 Immediate Past Master (IPM) 2 Secretary 3 Treasurer 4 Chaplain 5 Director of Ceremonies (DoC) 6 Almoner 7 Architect 8 Marshal 9 Organist 10 Piper/Director of Music (DoM) 11 Tyler

These Non-progressive Offices are often held by members who are Past Masters of the Lodge and tend to be occupied by the same person for a number of years, to provide continuity and experience, for example Lodge Secretary. The IPM is the preceding year’s Master. Lodge Officers are recognisable by the Jewels suspended from their Lodge collars.

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Progressive Offices

Stewards ............................................................................................................This is likely to be the first Office you will hold in the Lodge. The

main function is to look after guests of the Lodge, sometimes referred to as guests at the ‘top table’. In many Lodges the Stewards will be responsible for arranging the hospitality offered to visitors such as drinks and food, and may include selling raffle tickets, which aid Lodge

funds etc. If asked to sell raffle tickets, remember it is a great way to get to know your Lodge Brethren.

Inner Guard ........................................................................................................The Inner Guard stands just inside the door of the Lodge. He admits

qualified Brethren into the Lodge, advises when there is a candidate or member wishing to enter the Lodge, and checks that everything is in order with a candidate before entrance is allowed.

The Deacons ......................................................................................................The Deacons act as guides for candidates during

Masonic ritual ceremonies. Their duties are conducted with care and dignity. The enjoyment and understanding of a candidate is greatly enhanced by a sympathetic attitude from the Deacons and by the efficiency of their Degree work. They have one of the most important, and interesting

roles, which involves both learning ritual and floor-work. They also carry a rod or wand as a sign of their status and office.

The Wardens ......................................................................................................The Wardens assist the Master to open and close the Lodge and

conduct ritual. In the normal course of events this year’s Junior Warden will be next year’s Senior Warden, and the Senior Warden will be next year’s Master. The Senior Warden sits opposite the Master in the West of the Lodge. The Junior Warden sits in the South. He ensures that no unqualified person enters the Lodge, which is why you will see the Inner Guard address the Junior Warden when a Brother wishes to enter the Lodge after it is opened.

The Substitute Master (SM) or Depute Master (DM) ...........................................These offices can vary considerably. In some Lodges they are

Learning Offices before becoming Lodge Master while in others, they are Non-progressive Offices. They are often an Honorary Offices in a Lodge.

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The Master .........................................................................................................The Lodge Master, honoured with the title ‘Right

Worshipful Master’ in Scottish Lodges, is elected each year by the Brethren of the Lodge. He is ‘Installed’ into the Chair (situated in the East) by Installing Masters of his choice at the annual Installation. He usually occupies the office for one year, although this can be extended. He is in charge of the Lodge during his term of office. If the Lodge has a social club he will usually act as Chairman. The Master sits in the East of the

Lodge. Being installed as Right Worshipful Master is the highest honour a Lodge can bestow on a Brother.

Non-progressive Offices

Immediate Past Master (IPM) .............................................................................After his year as Master of the Lodge, the Master becomes the

Immediate Past Master. This position is an important one, as it is his responsibility to sit beside the Master; both in the Lodge Room and at committee, and offer support and guidance when required.

Secretary ............................................................................................................The Secretary has hands-on daily administration of all matters

connected with the smooth administrative running of the Lodge. He is effectively the conduit between Grand Lodge, Provincial Grand Lodge and Lodges. He receives all communications addressed to the Lodge and submits information detailing membership, ceremonies

conducted and matters associated with the day to-day affairs of the Lodge to Provincial Grand Lodge and to Grand Lodge in Edinburgh. Normally a Secretary holds the post for a number of years, providing continuity and experience for successive Masters. An experienced Secretary is often able to answer most queries any Mason may have about the Craft. In some larger Lodges, the Secretary may have an Assistant Secretary to support him.

Treasurer ............................................................................................................The Treasurer is responsible for the finances of the Lodge. Annually he

produces a financial summary report which is audited by elected Lodge Auditors. It is the responsibility of each member to pay his subscriptions or dues promptly. The Treasurer settles debts incurred by the Lodge, such

as the Lodge rent for the building where meetings are held, the various levies imposed by Grand Lodge and Provincial Grand Lodge.

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Chaplain .............................................................................................................Whilst the discussion of religion (and politics) is not permitted

within our meetings, all Lodge meetings are opened and closed with prayer. Lodges without a member of the clergy appoint a senior Mason to the office.

Director of Ceremonies (DoC) .............................................................................The DoC will be a very experienced Mason in understanding Craft

ritual and Masonic protocol. As his title implies, his function is to direct the ceremonial aspects of Lodge meetings. All Masonic ceremonies require meticulous planning, rehearsal and organising. The DoC’s role is to make certain that ceremonies are efficiently conducted with dignity and decorum and that all concerned are aware in advance of

what they have to do.

Almoner .............................................................................................................The Almoner is effectively the Lodge Welfare Office-bearer, who

maintains contact with the Brethren who through age, infirmity, or illness are unable to attend meetings. He also visits Lodge widows. He will have knowledge of a variety of resources that can be offered to Lodge members and their families in time of need. The Almoner organises petitions for assistance in cases of extreme need, and generally be on the lookout for signs of distress or loneliness

among Lodge members or their dependants.

Organist .............................................................................................................Many Lodges have within their membership a Brother adequately

skilled to play the organ at meetings, some rely on professional organists. The organist can add dignity and decorum to a Lodge meeting.

The Tyler ............................................................................................................The Tyler guards the outside of the door to the Lodge. This is an elected

office. It is often held by a senior and experienced member of the Craft. It is the duty of the Tyler to ensure that only properly dressed and qualified Brethren enter the Lodge.

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The Lodge Fixtures and Fittings

You will have noticed that your Lodge Room contains particular items, or furniture. They have a variety of symbolic and practical uses. You will see these in virtually every Lodge you attend. We will now offer a brief explanation of their practical and symbolic use in a Lodge.

The Square Pavement or Carpet

In most Lodge Rooms you will find a black and white squared carpet or chequered floor. The square pavement or carpet symbolises the world, in all its varied and chequered experiences. It serves to remind you to place your reliance in God.

The Master and Wardens Chairs

There are chairs placed in the Lodge inscribed with the Jewel of the Wardens, Senior Warden is the Level, and Junior Warden is the Plumb Rule. The Chair in the East is for the Lodge Master. Opposite him in the West is the Senior Warden and in the South the Junior Warden. On the Altar is placed the Holy Book, usually the Holy Bible. The Book held sacred by the Brethren or Candidate of a different faith will be used as appropriate.

The Lodge CharterThe Charter of the Lodge is granted to the Lodge by the Grand Lodge of

Scotland. It must be on display in the Lodge Room when a Lodge is being constituted and opened. Without one no Lodge can legally meet.

The Holy Book

In the Scottish Constitution, the Holy Bible is often referred to as the Volume of the Sacred Law (VSL); however any book that underpins a religion may be acceptable. The VSL is always open when a Lodge is conducting business or any ceremony. The Square and Compasses will be placed upon the VSL.

The ‘Moveable’ Jewels

These are the Square, the Level and the Plumb-Rule, which are the Jewels of the Master, Senior Warden and Junior Warden respectively and transfer at the annual Installation. The ‘Jewels’ and the other ‘Tools’ used in Masonic ceremonies are referred to in documents from the early 1700s.

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The ‘Immoveable’ JewelsMost notable are the stones called ‘ashlars’ represent two

different stages in Freemasonry and understanding. The ‘rough’ ashlar symbolises the new member who is yet to learn the art of Masonry. The ‘smooth’ ashlar represents the experienced stonemason who has honed and perfected his skills.

The Wardens’ ColumnsEach Warden has a Column on his pedestal. These will usually show the

designs of the Doric order for the Senior Warden, denoting strength, and the Corinthian order for the Junior Warden, denoting beauty. Usually the Columns are surmounted by a celestial or terrestrial globe which points out Masonry Universal. The Wardens will also position their Columns to show if the Lodge is ‘opened’ or ‘closed’.

The Working Tools of the Masonic DegreesThe Working Tools of each Degree are fully explained in Craft ritual.

The appropriate sets of tools are displayed in the Lodge for each Degree.

Lodge Banner (or Lodge Standard)Many Lodges have a banner, though it is not a necessity. Some banners date

back to the consecration of the Lodge, some are more recent. They often depict the origin, or some particular characteristics of the Lodge such as its ‘Coat of Arms or Crest.

The BallotThe Ballot Box is used for voting for new members, and can be of a variety

of designs. Some have a ‘yes’ and ‘no’ drawer; (members place a ballot ball in the relevant drawer) and others one drawer. The correct procedure for balloting in your Lodge will be explained to you. Three black balls exclude potential members; hence the term ‘black-balled’. The Deacons conduct the ballot in conjunction with the Lodge Master and Wardens and provide the qualified members with the means to vote i.e. one black and one white ball.

The Lodge Gavel, Mallet or MaulThe Master and Wardens each have a Gavel, Mallet or Maul. These

are used by the Master and Wardens when the Lodges are at work and by the Master to gain the attention of Lodge members when he is about to speak.

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The Structure of Freemasonry

The Grand Lodge of Scotland (GLOS), founded in 1736, is the ruling and governing body of the Craft in Scotland and is located at Freemasons’ Hall, George Street. Edinburgh. The GLOS has a set of Office-bearers, similar to your Mother Lodge. For administrative purposes, Lodges around the country are grouped into Provincial Grand Lodges or if abroad, District Grand Lodges. There are 32 Provincial Grand Lodges in Scotland each having a Provincial Grand Master. There are 25 District Grand Lodges and 3 Grand Superintendences abroad. Presently there are 993 Lodges operating under the Scottish Constitution with 643 in Scotland and 350 overseas.

The Grand Lodge of Scotland

Grand Lodge meets three times a year, in February, June and October, at what are known as Regular Communications. All Master Masons may attend although if not a member of Grand Lodge then you sign as a visitor - as you would do in any Daughter Lodge. The Annual Installation followed by the Festival of St. Andrew Dinner takes place in November each year.

Lodges Overseas

Many countries throughout the world have Masonic Lodges which are governed by a defined Grand Lodge (e.g. the Grand Lodge of Sweden, the Grand Lodge of Hungary, etc.). The Constitutions, Rules and Regulations of such Grand Lodges are recognised as ‘regular’ and Scottish Freemasons are permitted to attend meetings, even though the signs may be slightly different to those used in your own Lodge. In Scotland, one of our strengths is our differences, which we proudly celebrate. Some Grand Lodges, however, have Constitutions, Rules and Regulations that are not acceptable (i.e. they are ‘irregular’) and you are not permitted to participate in the affairs of their associated private Lodges. You should consult the Secretary of your Lodge should you wish to visit a Lodge abroad.

The Provincial Grand Lodge (PGL) of Renfrewshire East

The first Provincial Grand Master of the “Western Counties” which included Renfrewshire was appointed in 1739. In 1801 the Lodges of Renfrewshire were formed into a Province under the supervision of Bro. William MacDowall of Garthland. The Province of Renfrewshire East has been in existence since 1826,

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prior to that it was the Province of Renfrewshire consisting of 24 Lodges which included Lodges as far away as Dumbarton and Greenock.

In the Province of Renfrewshire East, there are 37 Daughter Lodges from Lochwinnoch to East Kilbride and Rutherglen. The structure of PGL is similar to that of any other Lodge, and in addition to normal offices, such as Wardens etc., there are several Commissioned Office-bearers: the Provincial Grand Master, a Depute PGM, three Substitute PGMs a PGL Secretary and PG Chaplains. Other PGL Office-bearers are elected annually.

PGL conduct special services to celebrate significant milestones such as the Consecration of New Temples, Centenary Celebrations and other important anniversaries of a Lodge.

A Final Word

As we progress on our Masonic journeys we begin to understand the advantages of membership and the additional meaning it affords us. Your reasons for joining our Craft are personal to you. We join because someone we admire or love, a friend or family member was a Mason.

In Renfrewshire East, we want Freemasonry to be dignified, stimulating and enjoyable. This may be achieved through your quest for knowledge, giving back to society, gaining new friends from all backgrounds and age groups, self-improvement or achievement. There is nothing quite like Freemasonry elsewhere in life!

We encourage Masons to speak openly about their membership and their enjoyment of Freemasonry. This handbook should help you to articulate the good things about Freemasonry. You may even be able to add your own experiences and recall memorable nights when discussing the subject with friends, family or colleagues. In time you may well introduce your own friends and family to the Craft.

Scotland, with its unique Masonic history, is the undoubted home of Modern Freemasonry and you should be very proud of your membership . Enjoy your role in your Mother Lodge here in Renfrewshire East - we are very proud to have you as a valuable member of our Craft.

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Famous Freemasons

The following is only a very brief list - more can be seen at Grand Lodge’s website

Further ReadingYour Intender will provide you with material from your Lodge, but the

following are useful:

Freemasons’ Guide and Compendium Bernard Jones The Freemason at Work Harry Carr World of Freemasonry Harry Carr The Craft and its Symbols Allen Roberts Pocket History of Freemasonry Pick and Knight The First Freemasons David Stevenson The Origins of Freemasonry David Stevenson Cracking the Freemasons Code Robert Cooper

You may find several texts including the above in the PGLRE library. You will find details of how to borrow a book from our library at www.pglre.org/library/

KINGS George VI, Edward VII, Edward VIII, William IV, George IV

PRESIDENTS AND PRIME MINISTERS George Washington, Winston Churchill

WRITERS Rudyard Kipling, Robert Burns

MUSICIANS Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong

SPORTSMEN Clive Lloyd, Arnold Palmer, Jack Dempsey, Jock Stein, Ally McCoist, Stuart McCall

SCIENTISTS Sir Alexander Fleming, Joseph Lister, Edward Jenning, Dr. Barnado

EXPLORERS Capt. Robert Scott, Buzz Aldrin, Sir Ernest Shackleton

BUSINESSMEN Andre Citroen, Henry Ford, Walt Disney

ACTORS AND ENTERTAINERS Clark Gable, John Wayne, Peter Sellers, Harry Houdini

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The Office-bearers discussed above wear a Jewel clearly associated with their position.

Useful Web Addresses

Grand Lodge of Scotland www.grandlodgescotland.com

PGL Renfrewshire East www.pglre.org

Pietre Stones page www.freemasons-Freemasonry.com

United Grand Lodge of England www.ugle.org.uk

UGLE’s Museum site Freemasonry.london.museum/

Cross Keys Newsletter issuu.com/cloudy242/docs

The Mallet Newsletter www.unionandcrown307.com/index. php/en/the-mallet

The Ashlar Magazine www.circlepublications.com