The Protists Today’s Focus – Animal-Like By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker You Know, the Guy who...
Transcript of The Protists Today’s Focus – Animal-Like By Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker You Know, the Guy who...
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The ProtistsThe ProtistsToday’s Focus – Animal-Today’s Focus – Animal-
LikeLike
The ProtistsThe ProtistsToday’s Focus – Animal-Today’s Focus – Animal-
LikeLikeBy Evil Evil Evil Mr. BleeckerBy Evil Evil Evil Mr. Bleecker
You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work
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Protists – Unicellular Eukaryotes
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Protists• Plant-like• Animal-like• Fungi-like• Resemble other Kingdoms• Belong to None of them• E.g.. A plant cell with no cell wall that
swims around photosynthesizing and eating it’s neighbors – whazzup wit dat?!
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Animal-Like Protists Classification Scheme
1. Ciliophora – ciliated2. Zoomastigina – flagellated3. Sporozoa – spore formers
that cannot move4. Sarcodina – ameba-like
protists
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Ciliophora – eg. Paramecium
• Solitary or colonial
• Uses ciliary beating motion to move around
• Cilia also used to help feed
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Ciliophora Cell Parts• Cell Membrane
• Pellicle – folds of membrane
• Gullet – food is swept into this by cilia
• Anal Pore
• Micro/Macronucleus• Trichocysts – harpoons for attacking prey• Vacuoles 1. Food
2. Water Vacuoles3. Waste – goes out pore
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Reproduction
• Binary Fission• Sexual reproduction by meiosis and
gamete production also occurs
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Zoomastigina• Ecology: Ponds, Lakes• Motion: Flagella• Nutrition: Absorb food through membrane• Reproduction:
– Asexually by Binary Fission– Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis)
• Diseases: Parasitic – eg. Giardia (Beaver Fever) African Sleeping Sickness –
Trympanosoma
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Trypanosoma – a Sporozoan Parasite that Causes Sleeping Sickness – Invading Red
Blood Cells
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Flagellar Advancements are
Amazing • Tubulin Protein units
• 9+2 Arrangement
• Not seen in bacteria in this level of complexity with protein units
• Swimming “beat” vs. the “corkscrew motion” of prokaryotic flagella
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Here’s How Cilia and Flagella work – Sweeping Motions
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Sporozoa = Spore Forming Protists
• Ecology: Parasites found living on birds, worms, insects, fish, humans
• Motion: None• Nutrition: Parasitic – Actively absorb food
through membrane• Reproduction:
– Asexually by Binary Fission– Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis)
• Diseases: Plasmodium vivax causes Malaria
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Anopholes Mosquito has P. Vivax living in its gut lining
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Sarcodina = “Jelly”• Ecology: Streams, Lakes• Motion: Cytoplasmic streaming by Pseudopods• Nutrition: Heterotrophic/Parasitic – Actively
absorb food through membrane• Reproduction:
– Sexually by gamete production (Meiosis)
• Diseases: Amebic Dysentery• Notables: Some Sarcodines have a crystal
casing
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An Amoeba – so Cute
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What the?! Hey! This is
lemonade! Where’s my vial of Amebic Dysentery!?
Why we Never Drink in the Lab
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The Sarcodines are Responsible for Crystal Deposits in Ocean Sand
• SiO2 – silicon dioxide shells. Pretty and used extensively in cosmetics.
• CaCO3 – calcium carbonate shells, from foraminerferans, that form a large component of the White Cliffs of Dover in England
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The ProtistsThe ProtistsDay Two – Plant-LikeDay Two – Plant-Like
The ProtistsThe ProtistsDay Two – Plant-LikeDay Two – Plant-Like
By Evil Evil Evil Mr. BleeckerBy Evil Evil Evil Mr. BleeckerYou Know, the Guy who Marks all your work You Know, the Guy who Marks all your work
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Now that you are a protozoan pro, do you remember the next group of
protists – those that make their own food?
Plant-like Plant-like protistsprotists
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The Plant-Like Protists The main phyla of these plant-like protists
you’ll examine are:
1. Euglenaphyta (Euglena)2. Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates)3. Chrysophyta (Diatoms or Golden Algae)4. Slime Molds (Fungus-like)
Let’s take a look…
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EuglenaEuglena
http://www.bgbm.org/kusber/images/euglena.gif
The euglena performs photosynthesis like a plant, but has a flagellum and moves around like a protozoan – cool!
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Euglenophyta – Flagellated ProtistsEuglena
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• have 2 flagella that make them spin; some can secrete dangerous toxins – one example is the red tides caused by Pfiesteria, which lead to fish kills
Dinoflagellates
http://www.infectiousdiseasenews.com/199906/S9a06587.gif
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Red Tide caused by the Dinoflagellate - Gymnodinium breve
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Chrysophyta – the Diatoms
This phylum of algae is noted for its symmetry and beautiful glass shells
Called phylum chrysophata after their beautiful “crystalline” shells
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The Slime molds
• Slime molds obtain food through decomposition of organic material
• This is a slime mold --commonly found on grass. It’s called the dog vomit slime mold – eewww, gross!
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Endosymbiotic Theory
• The theory that critters took up permanent residence in cells, forming a symbiosis– Ex. Chloroplasts & Mitochondria– But the list is actually larger (potentially)
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Matching:match each protozoan with it’s mode of locomotion
Cilia (ciliaphora)
Flagella (mastigophora)
Pseudopod (sarcodina)
Click to see the correct answers
What protozoan doesn’t move? Click again to see answer…
Sporozoa
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No, but you can start
18.3 #1 to 4
Bring your lab books
tomorrow!!