The ProSUM Project¤ger.pdf · 2015-10-23 · The Minerals4EU project • designed to − meet the...

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement

No 641999

The ProSUM Project “I am useful” Prospecting Secondary raw materials in the Urban mine and Mining wastes January 2015 – December 2017

Patrick Wäger (Empa, St. Gallen, Switzerland) Daniel Cassard (BRGM, Orléans, France) Sarah Downes (WEEE Forum, Brussels, Belgium) Jaco Huisman (United Nations University, Bonn, Germany) Vera Susanne Rotter (Technische Universität Berlin, Germany)

Vorführender

Präsentationsnotizen

Personally, I still hope that at least at the end of the project the acronym will be changed to a ProSIT ;-)

Project funded by the European Union

The ProSUM project

Project consortium


Content

• Background • The ProSUM project

• Goals & approach • Challenges • Outlook


Background

European minerals databases & intelligence networks

Nano-particle products from new mineral

resources from Europe

Development of a sustainable exploitation scheme for

Europe's REE ore deposits

MICA Mineral Intelligence Capacity Analysis

EUMINET European Mineral

Information Network

European Geological Data Infrastructure

Development of solutions for sustainable

deep sea mining

Vorführender


Blue Mining: An international European consortium of 19 large industry and research organisations on various maritime fields of expertise, the “Blue Mining” consortium, will develop solutions that will bring sustainable deep sea mining a big step closer. EGDI: The EGDI-Scope study is the starting point of EGDI. It assesses relevant use cases, datasets, functional and technical requirements, legal topics and governance framework. The next phase will cover the implementation of a first operational technical and organizational structure, securing the maintenance and further development of datasets, tools and functionalities from prioritized European projects: OneGeologyEurope, Minerals4EU/EuroGeoSource, EMODnet-Geology, PANGEO and GEMAS. EUMINET: This commitment is a contribution by National Geological Surveys, represented by their association EuroGeoSurveys, towards the European Union Raw Materials Knowledge Base. Building on the ongoing EGDI-Scope and Minerals4EU projects, its general objectives are, by 2020, to stimulate investment in the exploration and exploitation of EU mineral resources assets, as well as to provide data, knowledge and tools for their sustainable management. Its specific objectives are: - Development of interoperable/harmonised data models and digital information services; - Development of a multilingual EU data infrastructure, compliant with the INSPIRE Directive, providing access to national/regional data assets; - Providing annual publications of an EU minerals yearbook and minerals foresight; - Set up a coordinating body to develop and manage the needed common data models and interoperability arrangements. MICA: The main objectives of MICA are: - Identification and definition of stakeholder groups and their raw material intelligence (RMI) requirements,- Consolidation of relevant data on primary and secondary raw materials,- Determination of appropriate methods and tools to satisfy stakeholder RMI requirements,- Investigation of (RMI-) options for European mineral policy development,- Development of the EU-Raw Materials Intelligence Capacity Platform (EU-RMICP) integrating information on data and methods/tools with user interface capable of answering stakeholder questions,- Linking the derived intelligence to the European Union R ProMine: The ProMine data model has largely contributed to the setup of the INSPIRE Mineral Resources (MR) data model (primary and secondary mineral resources), from which the M4EU data model is directly derived, and to the improvement of the International EarthResourceML (ERML) data model. aw Materials Knowledge Base developed by the Minerals4EU project.

http://www.bluemining.eu/


Background

The Minerals4EU project

• designed to − meet the recommendations of the Raw

Materials Initiative; − make a fundamental contribution to the

European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials.

• built around an INSPIRE compatible infrastructure

http://www.minerals4eu.eu/

Vorführender


The European Commission’s actions to ensure a sustainable supply of these materials can be divided into two interlinked parts: the Raw Materials Initiative and the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials. The Raw Materials Initiative In 2008, the Commission adopted the Raw Materials Initiative which set out a strategy for tackling the issue of access to raw materials in the EU. This strategy has three pillars which aim to ensure: Fair and sustainable supply of raw materials from global markets; Sustainable supply of raw materials within the EU; Resource efficiency and supply of "secondary raw materials" through recycling. The strategy covers all raw materials used by European industry except materials from agricultural production and materials used as fuel. The European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials The EIP is the major EU initiative implementing the Raw Materials Initiative stakeholder platform that brings together EU countries, companies, researchers, and NGOs to promote innovation in the raw materials sector. From: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/raw-materials/policy-strategy/index_en.htm


Background INSPIRE: Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the EC (I)

Vorführender


INSPIRE is "an EU initiative to establish an infrastructure for spatial information in Europe that is geared to help to make spatial or geographical information more accessible and interoperable for a wide range of purposes supporting sustainable development“ From: Wikipedia


Background INSPIRE: Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the EC (II)

http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/documents/Data_Specifications/INSPIRE_DataSpecification_US_v3.0.pdf


Background

The Minerals4EU project

• designed to − meet the recommendations of the Raw

Materials Initiative; − make a fundamental contribution to the

European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials.

• built around an INSPIRE compatible infrastructure

• develops an EU minerals intelligence network structure delivering − a web portal; − a European Minerals Yearbook; − foresight studies.

http://www.minerals4eu.eu/

Vorführender


The European Commission’s actions to ensure a sustainable supply of these materials can be divided into two interlinked parts: the Raw Materials Initiative and the European Innovation Partnership on Raw Materials. The Raw Materials Initiative In 2008, the Commission adopted the Raw Materials Initiative which set out a strategy for tackling the issue of access to raw materials in the EU. This strategy has three pillars which aim to ensure: Fair and sustainable supply of raw materials from global markets; Sustainable supply of raw materials within the EU; Resource efficiency and supply of "secondary raw materials" through recycling. The strategy covers all raw materials used by European industry except materials from agricultural production and materials used as fuel. The European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials The EIP is the major EU initiative implementing the Raw Materials Initiative stakeholder platform that brings together EU countries, companies, researchers, and NGOs to promote innovation in the raw materials sector. From: http://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/raw-materials/policy-strategy/index_en.htm


Background European Minerals Knowledge Data Platform (EU-MKDP)

http://minerals4eu.brgm-rec.fr/


Content

• Background • The ProSUM project

• Goals & approach • Challenges • Outlook


The ProSUM project

Goals & approach

• Establish an EU wide information network; • Build the architecture for secondary raw materials

intelligence through an inventory of CRMs for: • E-waste (WEEE) • Batteries (BAT) • End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) • Mining wastes

• Provide a European Urban Mine Knowledge Data Platform (EU-UMKDP) interoperable with the M4EU EU-MKDP

Vorführender


ProSUM directly supports the European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials and its Strategic Implementation Plan calling for the creation of a European raw materials knowledge base. Data on primary and secondary raw materials are available in Europe, but scattered amongst a variety of institutions including government agencies, universities, NGOs and industry. By establishing an Information Network (ProSUM IN), the project will coordinate efforts to collect secondary CRM data and collate maps of stocks and flows for materials and products of the “urban mine”. The scope is the particularly relevant sources for secondary CRMs: Electrical and electronic equipment, vehicles, batteries and mining tailings. The project will construct a comprehensive inventory identifying, quantifying and mapping CRM stocks and flows at national and regional levels across Europe. Via a user friendly, open-access Urban Mine Knowledge Data Platform (EU-UMKDP), it will communicate the results online and combine them with primary raw materials data from the on-going Minerals4EU project. To maintain and expand the EUUMKDP in the future, it will provide update protocols, standards and recommendations for additional statistics and improved reporting on CRM’s in waste flows required. ProSUM – “prosum” is Latin for “I am useful” – provides a factual basis for policy makers to design appropriate legislation, academia to define research priorities and to identify innovation opportunities in recovering CRMs for the recycling industry. The EUIN enables interdisciplinary collaboration, improves dissemination of knowledge and supports policy dialogues. From: EC (2015) Research & Innovation Projects. Calls 2014 and 2015-one-stage


The ProSUM project

Goals & Approach

Coordinate: Coordinate with a wide range of organisations to enhance access to and dissemination of current and future CRM data

Collect: Collect, describe and compile currently available data and trends for CRMs in products and component, stocks and waste arisings

Collate: Collate and harmonise existing data

Construct: Construct the EU-UMKDP as the Inventory and Portal providing state-of-the-art data for the four waste groups

Communicate: Communicate and disseminate results and recommendations via the ProSUM Information Network

Vorführender


ProSUM directly supports the European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on Raw Materials and its Strategic Implementation Plan calling for the creation of a European raw materials knowledge base. Data on primary and secondary raw materials are available in Europe, but scattered amongst a variety of institutions including government agencies, universities, NGOs and industry. By establishing an Information Network (ProSUM IN), the project will coordinate efforts to collect secondary CRM data and collate maps of stocks and flows for materials and products of the “urban mine”. The scope is the particularly relevant sources for secondary CRMs: Electrical and electronic equipment, vehicles, batteries and mining tailings. The project will construct a comprehensive inventory identifying, quantifying and mapping CRM stocks and flows at national and regional levels across Europe. Via a user friendly, open-access Urban Mine Knowledge Data Platform (EU-UMKDP), it will communicate the results online and combine them with primary raw materials data from the on-going Minerals4EU project. To maintain and expand the EUUMKDP in the future, it will provide update protocols, standards and recommendations for additional statistics and improved reporting on CRM’s in waste flows required. ProSUM – “prosum” is Latin for “I am useful” – provides a factual basis for policy makers to design appropriate legislation, academia to define research priorities and to identify innovation opportunities in recovering CRMs for the recycling industry. The EUIN enables interdisciplinary collaboration, improves dissemination of knowledge and supports policy dialogues. From: EC (2015) Research & Innovation Projects. Calls 2014 and 2015-one-stage


The ProSUM project

Challenges

Challenge 1: Data availability & uncertainty


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Cu Pb Ni

Ag Au Sb Cr Pd Zn Fe Sn Cd Al Be Br Hg SiM

g Ba Cl As TiM

n Bi V Ce Co Mo Ta La Sr Pt Hf Th Sc Eu Zr Cs

number of data sets

Example: Metal content in Printed Circuit Boards (unspecified)

The ProSUM project

Data availability

>70 data sets Cu, Pb, Ni, Ag, Au, Sb, Cr, Pb

50-20 data sets Zn, Fe, Sn, Cd, Al, Be

< 5 data sets V, Ce, Co, Mo, Ta, La, Sr, Pt, Hf,

Th, Sc, Eu, Zr, Cs

TUB (2015) Bibliometric evaluation of published information on metal content in Printed circuit boards (unspecified), 43 references, >1000 data sets

Challenge 1a: Data availability


The ProSUM project

Handling uncertainty in data mining

• Define initial categories • limited number of categories (e.g. highly confident, confident, less

confident and dubious); • comprehensively describe each category with a set of rules.

• Have fully separated and independent persons applying the set of rules;

• Evaluate all data with the set of rules; • Compare the results of the different persons at the end of

the evaluation (not before!); • Assign uncertainties (distributions) to categories; • Perform Monte Carlo simulations.

Challenge 1b: Handling uncertainty



Challenge 2: Data validation & harmonisation

The ProSUM project

Challenges


The ProSUM project Geogenic vs. anthropogenic deposits

Geogenic deposits Anthropogenic deposits Stocks no addition to stock variation over time and location

due to human activities Composition influenced by geological

cycles (chemical properties) influenced by product design

Exploration traditionally established exploration technologies

little activities

Data management

established statistical information services through the geological surveys

no central data administration

Characterization of ores

standardized analytical methods

no standardization on describing urban ores

Challenge 2a: Standardized analytical methods


The ProSUM project

Development of robust/standardised characterisation methods

• Determination of selected CRMs in printed circuit boards (PCB)

Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pd, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu,

Gd, Tb, Dy, Pt und Au Co, Pb, Sb, Sn, Ta, Zn, Ga, Ge

As


The ProSUM project

Development of robust/standardised characterisation methods

• Determination of selected CRMs in printed circuit boards (PCB) • Sample preparation

• homogeneous samples obtained for PCB; • Semiquantitative analysis

• XRF shown to be appropriate for indicative analyses at mass fractions > 100 ppm;

• Quantitative analyses • robust approaches developed for the analysis of CRMs

investigated; • applicable in any well equipped laboratory

• spiking with multistandards; • digestion with Aqua regia, HF or H2SO4/HNO3; • ICP-OES, ICP-MS, AAS-graphite furnace


The ProSUM project

Trends in material composition

Example: Tantalum capacitors in Printed Circuit Boards

TUB (2015) Unpusblished data from the Upgrade Project.

PCB Mobile phones PCB Notebook motherboard

Challenge 2b: How to address trends in material composition?

Vorführender


How to address this with the dabase structre? In particular, as you might have more (like in this example) or less good data


Code list: Finite list of codes that represent the only allowed values for a particular data item

The PrSUM project

Simplified view of data organisation for products

Challenge 2c: Common data structure


The ProSUM project

Relations between products, components & properties

Product classification (tables)

Component classification (tables)

Property classification (tables)

Vorführender


1:n means 'one-to-many'; you have two tables, and each row of table A may be referenced by any number of rows in table B, but each row in table B can only reference one row in table A (or none at all). n:m (or n:n) means 'many-to-many'; each row in table A can reference many rows in table B, and each row in table B can reference many rows in table A. A 1:n relationship is typically modelled using a simple foreign key - one column in table A references a similar column in table B, typically the primary key. Since the primary key uniquely identifies exactly one row, this row can be referenced by many rows in table A, but each row in table A can only reference one row in table B. A n:m relationship cannot be done this way; a common solution is to use a link table that contains two foreign key columns, one for each table it links. For each reference between table A and table B, one row is inserted into the link table, containing the IDs of the corresponding rows. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3397349/meaning-of-nm-and-1n-in-database-design


The ProSUM project

Simplified view of data organisation for products

Challenge 2d: Pertinent product classification

Code list: Finite list of codes that represent the only allowed values for a particular data item


The ProSUM project

Pertinent product classification: EEE/WEEE

Vorführender


All goods imported into or exported from the EU must be classified for Customs purposes. Each separate product is assigned a particular classification code. The Combined Nomenclature (CN) sets out the general rules for the classification of goods to an eight-digit level and is updated on a yearly basis. Prodcom: Prodcom provides statistics on the production of manufactured goods. The term comes from the French "PRODuction COMmunautaire" (Community Production) for mining, quarrying and manufacturing: sections B and C of the Statistical Classification of Economy Activity in the European Union (NACE 2).


The ProSUM project

Pertinent product classification: (EoL)Vehicles

Vorführender


On the product level, vehicle type, vehicle powertrain and vehicle mass categories were defined based on existing regulations and statistical databases. Vehicle segment categories were also defined in order to capture that vehicle material content can be assumed to be strongly linked to equipment level and brand (Cullbrand and Olofsson (2011)) At the vehicle level, data can thus be classified in several different categories, allowing a range of end user queries to be answered. However, official statistics may not allow vehicle type, powertrain and mass categories to be readily interlinked, which is why it is expected that the possibility of combining categories may be limited. Furthermore, the stock and flow modelling may have to be based on one selected category, e.g. vehicle type.



Challenge 2: Data validation & harmonisation

Challenge 3: Interoperability + updating

The ProSUM project

Challenges

Vorführender


Intended to be operable after the end of the project


The ProSUM project

Characteristics of the EU-UMKDP

• User friendly • Single inventory • Linked to relevant databases • Interoperable with the EU-MKDP

Web-based portal

Data filtering capability

Advanced search capabilities

Statistics computation

Automated report generation & visualisation

Interoperability with the EU-MKDP

Vorführender


National and pan-European databases stored at Eurostat (including Member State data returns for the ELV Directive, Battery Directive, WEEE Directive, Waste Statistics Regulation, International Trade Statistics, Prodcom Statistics) and reports from FP7 funded projects containing relevant data on CRMs from the target waste types will be tapped into to collate all appropriate data and the extent to which additional data can be interoperable.


The ProSUM project

General Architecture of the EU-UMKDP

Layers

Pertinent available layers from geological

surveys and EU projects and other

institutions (geological,

geographic, political maps )


Challenge 1: Data availability + uncertainty

Challenge 2: Data validation + harmonisation

Challenge 3: Interoperability + updating

Challenge 4: Coordinate + communicate

The ProSUM project

Challenges

Vorführender


Information of all relevant stakeholders (slide on this is not informative enough so skipped! a slide should with visualised stakeholders should be made for future presentations)


The ProSUM project

ProSUM Information Network

Join the Information Network: http://www.prosumproject.eu/

• Includes researchers, the recycling industry, producer compliance schemes, producers, public authorities, national geological surveys and other EU project partners.

• Shares best practice, benchmarks, and opportunities to increase data harmonisation and cooperation.

• Information Network launch on April 25, 2015 in Brussels (82 attendees)


The ProSUM project

Outlook

• ProSUM is an ambitious project with many challenges to be faced;

• Much effort has been spent in developing common terminological ground and a harmonised data structure;

• First steps have been made towards developing robust/standardised characterisation methods for the urban mine;

• An important next step will consist in evaluating and consolidating existing data on products POM and EoL / waste.


No 641999

Thank you for your attention

For more information: Patrick Wäger Email: [email protected]


No 641999

Extra slides For more information: Patrick Wäger Email: [email protected]

WRF 2015 Davos October 13, 2015


The ProSUM project

Elements relevant for ProSUM products

2He

Ia

IIa

IIIb IVb

001H

3Li 4Be

IVa Va VIa VIIa

Vb VIb VIIb

VIIIa

VIII Ib IIb

IIIa

008O 9F 10Ne5B 6C 007N

011Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 016S 17Cl 18Ar

019K 020Ca 21Sc 022Ti 23V 24Cr 25Mn 26Fe 33As 34Se 35Br 36Kr27Co 28Ni 29Cu 30Zn 31Ga 32Ge

54Xe48Cd 49In 50Sn 51Sb 52Te 053I42Mo 043Tc 44Ru 45Rh 46Pd 47Ag37Rb 38Sr

55Cs 056Ba 57La 72Hf 73Ta 74W

39Y 40Zr 41Nb

84Po 085At 086Rn75Re 76Os 77Ir 78Pt 79Au 80Hg 81Tl 82Pb 83Bi

58Ce 59Pr 60Nd 61Pm 62Sm 69Tm 70Yb 71Lu63Eu 64Gd 65Tb 66Dy 67Ho 68Er

Conflict mineral origin possible

Critical according to EC (2014)

"Medium to high relative annual demand from ProSUM products" and/or "Recovery Driver" and/or "Challenge for recycling process"

at least one specific application within ProSUM

not addressed by EC (2014)


Background INSPIRE: Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the EC (III)

http://inspire.ec.europa.eu/documents/Data_Specifications/INSPIRE_DataSpecification_US_v3.0.pdf


Horizon 2020: Part III - Climate action, environment, resource efficiency and raw materials Waste 4c

Waste 4 c) Secondary Raw Materials Inventory • Establishment of an EU Network of relevant

institutions • To enhance knowledge in order to improve the

supply of raw materials through an inventory • Data and information on secondary raw materials,

particularly CRMs • Flows, maps and evaluation of European Stocks • Shall support implementation of the EIP

36


The ProSUM project

Project structure


Why do we need information about the urban mine?

When? Where? What? How much?

Questions about secondary raw materials relevant for recycling innovation & investment

Ueberschaar Max, Rotter, S Enabling the recycling of rare earth elements through product design and trend analyses of hard disk drives Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 17 (2), 266-281


The ProSUM project

Raw materials considered by ProSUM

sentences words syllables letters Gold recovery

Recovery of Sb2O3, NH3

Polymer regranulation, alloyed steel remelting

Re-use, refurbishment, remanufacturing components

materials substances elements

Compositional analysis to assess recyclability of products

+ element speciation + impurities

text product


Gaps in reporting flows

85%

Challenge 1a: Data gaps in reporting flows

Vorführender


Data also per collection category Some negative gaps: there is misreporting even for ‘official amounts’. Remarks per country/ collection category: Waste bin is consumer behavior mainly. Grey is conservative estimate, excl. scavenging of components, professional appliances Data per collectoin category is also possible.


Uncertainties

Example: Probability distribution for metal mass fraction in 53 permanent magnets

Challenge 2b: Data validation –

What is the “average in a not normal world”?

Ueberschaar Max, Rotter, S Enabling the recycling of rare earth elements through product design and trend analyses of hard disk drives Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 17 (2), 266-281


The ProSUM project

General architecture of the EU-UMKDP (II)


The ProSUM project

COMMUNICATE – To inform all stakeholders

Challenge 4a: Communicate

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