THE PROGRESSIVE ERA MOTIVES, MOVEMENTS, AND MOMENTUM.
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Transcript of THE PROGRESSIVE ERA MOTIVES, MOVEMENTS, AND MOMENTUM.
THE P
ROGRESSIVE E
RA
MO
TI V
ES
, M
OV
EM
EN
TS
, A
ND
MO
ME
NT
UM
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGEThe Problem
Women were not given the right to vote, but wanted it
Paid less than men
Confining gender expectations
Leaders
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
- Seneca Falls Convention
-“Declaration of Sentiments”
-National Woman Suffrage Association
Alice Paul
-Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage (National Woman’s Party)
-”Silent Sentinels”
- Change on federal level
WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE
Methods
Civil Disobedience- Protests, Boycotts, Marches/Picketing
Organization/Conferences
Writing
Unions
Accomplishments
19th Amendment- Women’s Right to Vote
Made Women’s Rights a National Issue
Women’s Bureau of Department of Labor
CONSUMER PROTECTION
Problem
Food unfit to eat
Food processing and storage unsafe
Poisonous materials used in consumer products
Rats, bugs, spoiled food, etc. permitted in factories
Leaders
Upton Sinclair
-Writer (Muckraker)
- The Jungle
-Appeal to Reason
CONSUMER PROTECTION
Methods
Writing
Photography
Raise Awareness to inspire public outrage and action
Accomplishments
Pure Food and Drug Act
Government Regulations on food and medicine
Federal Meat Inspection Act
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
WORKING CONDITIONS
Problems
Triangle Factory Fire
Unfair Wages
Unfair Hours
Unsafe Conditions
Leaders
Women’s Trade Union League
United Mine Workers Union
John Siney
International Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Union
WORKING CONDITIONS
Methods
Strikes
Protests
Political Activity
Cooperation with business owners
Organization/Unions
Accomplishments
8-hour work day
Safety regulations
Committee on Public Safety
Factory Investigating Commission
American Society of Safety Engineers
Federal Legislation passed
CHILD LABOR
Problems
Dangerous working conditions for children
Accidents
Exposure to high levels of heat, fumes
Children working, not in school
Prevented children from becoming productive, healthy adults
Leaders
Theodore Roosevelt
John Spargo
-The Bitter Cry of the Children
CHILD LABOR
Methods
Muckrakers exposed conditions
Raised Awareness
Sought federal legislation regulations
Call for fewer working hours
Accomplishments
Children’s Bureau
Keating-Owen Act- regulated Child Labor conditions, hours, and wages
Taxes on businesses
Smith-Hughes Act- one million dollars to states to improve education programs
Bans on child labor
TEMPERANCE/PROHIBITION
Problem
Immorality
Alcohol Abuse
Alcoholism
Violence
Poverty
Leaders
Jacob Riis
Women’s Christian Temperance Union
Anti-Saloon League
Carrie Nation
CIVIL RIGHTS
Problems
Legal Segregation
Discrimination
Unemployment
Leaders
Booker T. Washington
W.E.B. du Bois
Ida B. Wells
TEMPERANCE/PROHIBITION
Methods
Organization
Revolt against saloon owners
Marches
Raise awareness
Accomplishments
Made Temperance and Prohibition a national issue
18th Amendment- Prohibition of Alcohol in the U.S.
CIVIL RIGHTS
Methods
Organization- Niagara Movement, NAACP
Created schools- Tuskegee Institute
Raised Awareness
Civil Disobedience- Protests, boycotts, marches
Appeal to political reform
Writing
Accomplishments
Raised awareness about social and political inequality
Made Segregation a national issue
13th, 14th, 15th Amendments
Made small strides in gaining equality for African Americans in the U.S.
CONSERVATION
Problems
Exploitation and Over-consumption of natural resources
Pollution
Mismanagement of raw materials
“Tradition of Waste”
Leaders
Theodore Roosevelt
Gifford Pinchot
John Muir
CONSERVATION
Methods
Call for government regulations of businesses with regards to harvesting and use of raw materials
Raised awareness
Scientific studies
Accomplishments
National Parks
National Forests
Newlands Act
Inland Waterways Commission
National Conservation Commission
GOVERNMENT REFORMS
Problems
Corruption
Voting Fraud
Bribery of Government Officials
Political Bosses
Distribution of power
Leaders
Theodore Roosevelt
Robert LaFollette
Jacob Riis
GOVERNMENT REFORMS
Methods
Passed legislation
Call for direct primaries and more control by the people
Raised awareness of problems in the government
Accomplishments
Direct Primaries- people elect political candidates
Regulations/Taxes on Railroads
Reformed taxes on big businesses
Discouraged political bosses
Gave people more direct control over government
BIG BUSINESS
Problems
Monopolies
Unregulated business practices
Mistreatment of workers
Interfered in government practices
Leaders
Theodore Roosevelt
William Howard Taft
BIG BUSINESS
Methods
Passed federal laws
Raised awareness
Targeted monopolies and trusts
Accomplishments
-Expedition Act
-Interstate Commerce Commission
-Hepburn Act
-Northern Securities v. United States
-Federal Reserve Act
-Clayton Antitrust Act
-Federal Trade Commission
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
What circumstances created the social or political conditions that eventually needed to be reformed?
How did individuals and groups influence social and political change in the United States between 1890-1920?
What actions were taken to create social and political change in the United States between 1890-1920?
What lasting impact did reform movements have on American life during the Progressive Era and today?