ENGLISH FOR DESIGN Principles of Design. Elements & Principles.
The Principles of Design Design rules for the elements.
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Transcript of The Principles of Design Design rules for the elements.
The Principles of DesignDesign rules for the elements
The Principles Include: Proportion Scale Balance Rhythm Emphasis Unity and Variety
#1 Proportion The size relationships that can be
found within an object Proportions are expressed as ratios (2:3) This principle was developed by the
ancient Greeks. They discovered that some proportions are more pleasing than others
For example, imagine an area rug. When you consider its proportions, you think about… The length compared to the width The size of a border area compared to
the middle of the design The size of the middle of the design
compared to the rug as a whole The rug’s area compared to the entire
floor area The amount of each different color in
design
What proportions are more pleasing to the eye?
Most people prefer rectangles to squares
Pleasing Proportions continued…
Unequal divisions of space are often more appealing to the eye than equal divisions
How would you use a patterned throw to create unequal distribution?
The Golden Section Ancient Greeks studied
proportion and developed the theory of the Golden Section
It is the division of a line between one-half and one-third of its total length
Ex. curtain tiebacks
The Golden Rectangle
Use this sequence to approximate a golden rectangle: 2,3,5,8,13 (notice how each number is the sum of the two preceding numbers).
A rectangle with dimensions based on two consecutive numbers in the sequence – 3:5 or 8:13 – will be close to the ideal shape
Continued… Look around for examples of rectangular
shapes, such as desktops, windows, or picture frames
What items come close to being a golden rectangle?
Calculating Proportions… A ratio of 2 to 3 (2:3) is ideal
For example…if a coffee table is 2 feet wide it should be 3 feet long
How long should a rug that is 8 feet wide be then?
Identifying Proportion Choose a basic piece of furniture or an
accessory (such as a lamp, and end table, a chair, etc.) to illustrate proportion.
Draw various examples of the item to illustrate both good an poor proportion.
Exchange your drawing with a classmates and have them identify whether the form has good proportion or not and why.