The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson
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The Presidency of Thomas Jefferson
Third President of the United States
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Thomas
Jefferson
3rd
President
1801-1809
Demo-Rep.
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Election of 1800
• Federalists = John Adams and Charles Pinckney
• Democratic Republicans = Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr
• Jefferson and Burr had 73 electoral votes each, Adams had 65, Pinckney had 64 – Jefferson won on the House 36 vote– Caused the creation of 12th Amendment
• 1st time one party replaced another
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John Adam’s and the Federalists
Thomas Jefferson and Democratic - Republicans
•Rule by Wealthy Class•Strong federal govt.•Emphasis on manufacturing•Loose interpretation of Constitution•British alliance
•Rule by the people•Strong state governments•Emphasis on agriculture•Strict interpretation of Constitution•French alliance
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Jefferson’s Inauguration
• In his speech he emphasized:
1. Supported the will of the majority
2. Need for limited government
3. Protection of civil liberties
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Jefferson’s Political Changes
• Alien and Sedition Acts allowed to expire
• Lowered military spending
• Repay more of the nations debt
• Remove domestic taxes
Jefferson Kept the National Bank
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Government’s Primary Function under Jefferson:
• Protect the nation from foreign threats
• Deliver mail
• Collect customs duties
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Marbury V. Madison
• Federalists controlled the Judicial Branch
• Adam’s created and filled 16 new judge positions at midnight on his last day in office
• Not all of the needed documents were delivered before Jefferson took office– William Marbury did not receive his
documents prior to Jefferson taking office
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• Jefferson refused to deliver them to him once he took office
• Marbury sued and the Supreme Court agreed to hear the case because John Marshall disagreed with Jefferson’s political issues
Outcomes:• Establish the Supreme Court’s power to
check the power of the other branches– Power used to strengthen power of the court
for Judicial review
• Marbury’s case was denied
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Louisiana Purchase
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• The American ambassador in France trying to purchase New Orleans got a surprising offer to purchase all of Louisiana territory.– France needed money more than a military base in
the Americas– France hoped to also scare the British with a large
American land grant
• The Livingston and Monroe (U.S) accepted the French offer to buy Louisiana for $15 million roughly doubling the size of the U.S. with approximately 900,000. sq mi– October 20, 1803
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Exploration of New Lands• Under the Jefferson administration the
size of the United States almost doubled and little was known about this new territory!
• Lewis and Clark Expedition• Pike’s Expedition
– 1806 Zebulon Pike was ordered to find the start of the Red River
– Founded Pike’s Peak in (Colorado) Rocky Mountains
– Explored other areas of Spanish territory, but was captured and called a spy
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Pike’s route in Red