The Power and the GloryThe Power and the GloryBackground InformationBackground Information

Mrs.RamirezMrs.Ramirez

AP English IIIAP English III

The Calles PresidencyThe Calles Presidency1924-19281924-1928

Mexico’s strongest political figure Mexico’s strongest political figure since the Diaz dictatorship. since the Diaz dictatorship.

Implemented Agrarian ReformImplemented Agrarian Reform Distributed 3.2 million hectares of Distributed 3.2 million hectares of

landland Built an additional 2,000 schoolsBuilt an additional 2,000 schools

The Major CrisisThe Major Crisis

Crisis between the Government and Crisis between the Government and the Roman Catholic Churchthe Roman Catholic Church

Archbishop, Jose Mora y del Rio, Archbishop, Jose Mora y del Rio, presented his view that “Roman presented his view that “Roman Catholics could not follow the Catholics could not follow the religious provisions of the religious provisions of the constitution of 1917.constitution of 1917.

Calles’ ResponseCalles’ Response

Implemented (fully) several of the Implemented (fully) several of the constitutional provisions:constitutional provisions:– Religious procession were prohibitedReligious procession were prohibited– The church’s educational The church’s educational

establishments, convents, and establishments, convents, and monasteries were closed.monasteries were closed.

– Foreign priests and nuns were deportedForeign priests and nuns were deported– Priests were to register with the Priests were to register with the

Government before receiving permission Government before receiving permission to perform their religious dutiesto perform their religious duties

The Church’s ResponseThe Church’s Response

July 31, 1926: The Church goes on July 31, 1926: The Church goes on strike.strike.– No sacraments were administered.No sacraments were administered.– Bloody revolts broke outBloody revolts broke out– Militant Roman Catholics known as Militant Roman Catholics known as

Cristeros attack Government officials & Cristeros attack Government officials & facilities. They also burned public facilities. They also burned public schools.schools.

The Red ShirtsThe Red Shirts

A paramilitary Organization, existed A paramilitary Organization, existed in the 1930sin the 1930s

Founded by the Governor of Tabasco, Founded by the Governor of Tabasco, Mexico, Tomas Garrido Canabal.Mexico, Tomas Garrido Canabal.

This group was created to carry out This group was created to carry out the governor’s ordersthe governor’s orders

Their uniform: red shirts, black pants, Their uniform: red shirts, black pants, and black & red military capsand black & red military caps

The Red Shirts Continued…The Red Shirts Continued…

They were used to attack and They were used to attack and suppress the Cristerossuppress the Cristeros

Garrido was fired and exiled during Garrido was fired and exiled during 19341934

SourcesSources

U.S Library of Congress (online)U.S Library of Congress (online)