The Portuguese Empire
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The Portuguese Empire
Theme 3 Part IBy: Josh Kessner
History 140Professor Arguello
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History of Portugal• Portugal is both a European
and Atlantic nation which had built up a powerful empire in earlier years.
• The empire included parts of South America, Africa, Asia, and Astralasia.
• Within the next two centuries, 17th and 18th, Portugal slowly lost much of its wealth as other Nations took over their scattered trading posts.
• Signs of military decline began in the late 16th century
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Early Inhabitants of Portugal• Present-day Portugal was
first inhabited way back in time by the Neanderthals and then by the Homo sapiens, our earlier ancestors.
• They traveled around the Northern Iberian Peninsula
• There was some domestication of animals and raising of crops and early in the first millennium BC, many local populations inter-married creating many ethnic groups.
• There were also inhabitants in southern parts of the country.
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The Portuguese Empire
• The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history!
• The empire also reigned the longest, lasting almost six centuries
• Portuguese sailors began exploring the coast of Africa in 1419 with developments in navigation and cartography
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Expanders of the Empire
• In 1488, Bartolomeu Dias sailed around the Cape of Good Hope.
• Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498.
• Pedro Alvares Cabral discovered Brazil by an accidental landfall.
• As decades continued, Portuguese sailors were continually exploring coastal areas of these large land masses, establishing themselves as they discovered these new territories
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Colonial Brazil
• Colonial Brazil is the label given to the time of the arrival of the Portuguese in 1500 until 1815
• In 1815, Brazil was elevated to kingdom alongside Portugal
• There was a great amount of economic exploration amongst arrival.
• Goods that were found to be of use were brazilwood, sugar, and gold and diamond mining slaves.
• At first Brazil was set up as fifteen private captaincies.
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Captaincies of Brazil• In the very first attempt at
colonizing this new found land Brazil, the Portuguese went by the system of hereditary captaincies.
• The costs were transferred to 15 private hands
• These were given to Portuguese noblemen, yet only two of the 15 captaincies prospered.
• The failure of the other captaincies was related to the resistance of the indigenous peoples
• One of the prospering captaincies found it’s success in the harvesting of sugarcane
• Sugar was very valuable in trade with Europe and its production became the main Brazilian colonial produce in the next 150 years.