The Pongola Supergroup - Geological Society of Zimbabwe · The Pongola Supergroup Agatha White...
Transcript of The Pongola Supergroup - Geological Society of Zimbabwe · The Pongola Supergroup Agatha White...
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The Pongola Supergroup
DistributionStratigraphyLithologies
Field RelationsThe Outcrops
Origin
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The Pongola Supergroup
DistributionStratigraphyLithologies
Field RelationsThe Outcrops
Origin
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The Pongola Supergroup
DistributionStratigraphyLithologies
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The Pongola Supergroup
LIMPOPO BELT
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The Pongola Supergroup
LebomboDrakensburgStormbergBeaufortEccaDwyka
Kaapvaal ProvinceNatal Metamorphic ProvinceMozaan GroupIntrusive graniteNsuze GroupNatal Group
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The Pongola Supergroup
SOUTHERN DOMAIN
NORTHERN DOMAIN
Hartland Area
White Mfolozi Inlier
Mhlatuzi Inlier
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The Pongola Supergroup
Agatha
White Mfolozi
LangfonteinMkuzane
FORMATIONNSUZE GROUPWhite Mfolozi
Basement
Mantonga
Nhebela
STRATIGRAPHY OF THE
NSUZE GROUP
Pyroclastic rocksBasalt / andesite
SandstoneConglomerateDiamictite
BIF / Fe mudrockMudrock
Granite / gneiss
~ 2.9 Ga
~ 3,107 + 6 Ma
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Bongaspoort
Kihphunyawo
Gabela
Ntanyana
FORMATION
MOZAAN GROUP
Tobolsk
Delfkom
Hlashana
Klipwal
The Pongola Supergroup
STRATIGRAPHY OF THE
MOZAAN GROUP
Pyroclastic rocksBasalt / andesite
SandstoneConglomerateDiamictite
BIF / Fe mudrockMudrock
Granite / gneiss
Thalu
Sinqeni
Ntombe
Hlashana
~ 2.9 Ga
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The Pongola Supergroup
STRUCTURE North relatively undeformed with
shallow dips
South deformed with a series of upright synclines and anticlines
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The Pongola Supergroup
STRUCTURE SOUTH
upright synclines and anticlines
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The Pongola Supergroup
STRUCTURE SOUTH
Upright anticline base of Mozaaan
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The Pongola Supergroup
STRUCTURENorth shallow dips
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The Pongola SupergroupPONGOLA
SUPERLATIVES
• Oldest diamictite• Cyclical volcanicity with wide compositional range• Multiple thin komatiite flows• Rhyolite pillows• Pahoehoe structures• Stromatolites• Oldest sedimentary Mn• Synchronous sedimentation and volcanicity• Subaerial and subaqueous volcanicity• Ultramafic pyroclastics
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The Pongola Supergroup
Usushwana Complex
Field RelationsThe Outcrops
Origin
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LebomboDrakensburgBeaufortEccaDwyka
Kaapvaal ProvinceNatal Metamorphic ProvinceMozaan GroupIntrusive graniteNsuze GroupNatal Group