33

Si

s

108

The Celestial EmpirerWe copy the following well-Writt- en article

respectingthe relations cf England and Chi-

na from the London Times, oi' Not. 24th.

The new appointment to the governorshipof Hong Kong betokens probably-- , as muchchange in our Chinese policy as must resultIr jin'thc variations of individual views anddispositions. The successor of Sir JohnDavis will have the same iuterests to pro-

tect, and at first the same letter of law toguide him, but he may perhaps be encourag-ed in a bolder interpretation of his duty, andhe will at least have the advantage of hispredecessor's experience"

"

It is easier to define our present relationswith China than to suggest the most expedi-

ent measures for improving them. By thetreaty of Nankin we endeavored to subjectan exclusive and semi-barbaro- us nation tothat intercommunion with other countries1which it had hitherto jealously opposed; nomore to their loss than to its own. 1 he dic-

tation of terms had fallen into our own1 handsby the rights of war; 'arid although it is truethat our moderation, a has since been as-

certained, took the Chinese by".surprife,"yjetthis was less from any. especial forbearanceon our part than from a misconception of theparticular concessions requisite to secureour aims, and of the guarantees necessaryto insure an beservance of the treaty.- -

We surrendered Chusap a .cession in ex-

change for which wenright. have demandeda much more important', equivalent,' and wecontented ourselves with Hong Kong asettlement which it now seems ' no ingenuityor ability can render adequate to. the pur-

poses desired; This, .however," is appoint ofwhich we could-- - have had . no right to com-

plain, juntil a breach of treaty.ou the 'other,tide again empowered us to reconsider theconditions of peace. "VVVe must of course,-hav- e

paid for ourerrors.. , Wermade ourchoice, and had but to abide by it. Thetrue ground of our remonstrances lay in themeasures by which the Chinese virtuallyannulled the conditions which they had6worn, and : altogether ; neutralized the veryconcessions which we had 'fought to exact. i

The specified ports were never in realitythrown open to intercoursewhich was. understood by --.the , terms of thetreaty. Some of the stipulations to this ef-

fect were never- - fulfilled at i all, and the observance of others was , utterly- - nullified bythe clandestine enactment f vexatious andoppressive regulations. Our trade with .thenorth-easle- ra ports -- has fallen far short ofthe reasonable - anticipations lormed ot ranequitable traffic, and.;Canton remains prac-tically as much a sealed city as it war be-

fore the convention of Nankinl 'This last breach of contract, as it is the

most tangible instance of so it isthat concerning v which the chief disputeshave arisen. ; No Var-steam-er would haveever been sent to' Shanghae because our ex-

ports and imports at that place were belowexpectation ; but some demonstration becamenecessary when our colonists were menacedwith personal violence for requiring at Can-ton those privileges which had been solemn-

ly promised them. The original treaty hadstipulated for the moderate concession sof apiece of land on the "river side, sufficient forthe reasonable purposes of "ware-hou- se roomand exercise, and only to he taken by fairbargain at a just valuation. V. We were, toomuch occupied with carrying into effect theether conditions of the treat v. to take measures immediately for the due observance ofthisy and the consequence was, that a stipu-lation never very' palatable to a . turbulentand jealous population was first evaded andthen resisted,' when ;an intervafof indepen-dence had untaught them the 'lesson of terror they Jaad received. By his expedition ofApril jasi, air jonn ..travis.so lar orougnithis. refractory city to order that the magis-trates renewed their ligations to,, cede theland reqoirejd, but the effect of his summonswa either very transient or very superficial,for recourse' was had to the same shifts andevasions immediately on his departure, and

,we are just afar as ever from bur purchaseof land at Ilonan. ' - - v f

Our relations rith the Celestial Empireare furthoi-complicate- by. the fact that weare bepught into trnraediato contact with asingularly rebellious portion of its domin- -

Oos. - Canton is no more a fair specimen ofa JChineee, .port than fJedares of a Hindoocity; A long established thonopoly of trade,unusual wealthy if large population and an-qf- eu

tractions of supremacyvve barba-rians VtoVh'osc humiliations they havabeen haSt&ated, all eonspire to niakc Can- -,

ton 4 Very troublesome and intractable partyto any negotiation. , . Whether the Imperial

ajpanda'tc's indeed inferce there, or whetherit fails in reaching Jha distanfand refractory

pledged wealiness oftheowrnrnenHs real or assubred-we'e- an

hardly yfitrdecie. It is sufficient for ourpurposes to know that practicably, the under-takings of Government are not fulfilled, andthat their inability to control a riotous mul-titude is "made to cover the defalcation. Itis evidently only by putting down this tumul-tuous resistance of the' mob1 that" w--e caneither rejqove a real jDostaclefpr destroy aconvenient pretext. The 'jjuestion, is nolonger one of our claim 'to build houses atIlonan or to walk about Canfon, though it istolerably --eiear .'that the, immunities of thisGtleBtia"'cijt''irwhjch might Jte harmlesslyacknowledged by way ofcomphment vt caa.-ccssi- on,

have ' contributed , not a little, to in-

spire its inhabitants with that very arrogancewhich we must noti?-repres3- l The pointnow to be ct5fnsle'redtiB the "position which

e are to take up with' respect to the Em-pire whether we arelo submit to imposi-tions and insults iwhichj ,: though tley mayobviate in Canton, are probably pot unac-ceVJ- Ie

at Pekin, or whether : we shall once"more exert our '.istrength" with 'greater jddg--mcna lo secure oexiena me Ta vantages wehave won." " The treaty of Nankin. hs beenvirtually infringed by the Chinese in the ex-

ecution Tfvery, one oCits articles, except.that from "wliich' there . waa ho' retreat-7-th- e

payment of; the Ransom. V Oa condition, is,at this mdS)cntve years after the signatureof the treatj, still palpably set at nought.The plausible admissions of the Governmentand itariceroys are rudely, negatived by theiropctvJS opposition of alaob' whose oppo-sition of apiob. for whose conformity they"

arc morally.'Tesponsible, and they are thuscither, deliberately .permitting .the infractionof a treaty, or they can no longer. claim theconsideration due to', a" de-fa- cto "Goverri-'mea- C

f Wefiave now an ample "Justificationfor first enforcing and then remodelling atreaty whicltaar enemies have been unwrseenough to disturb.' It rests with ourselveswhat course to pursued or what .amends to

THETHE POLYNESIAN.HONOLULU. SATURDAY. 'APR IB 29.'?

PAST PRESENT FUTURE. J . .

It may nut be' uninteresting at the present limeto take a' curaory glance at the past, the ' prea-e- nt

and the,futore. In comparing the history,

of the past with the present state of the country,we shall plainly see what advances have been

made ; and by a careful review of the presentwe shall be better prepared to adopt he right

course for the future. We shall doubtless find

much in the history of the past to encourage fu

ture effort, and much in the present state of the

country that calls for renewed exertions on the

part of all.It is now only twenty-eig- ht years since 'the

first American Missionaries landed upon these

shores? These islands were at that time almost

unknow n to commerce, and the whole mass ofthe people were sunk in" the lowest depths of"'"' . a "'heathenish degradation. r rom me sovereign 10

the lowest menial, (he vhole nation liowed down

to graven images, or worshipped gtwlf, thecrcatiou of their own imaginations. To appeasethe angerfof these imaginary gods, human saerifices were offered up." (The darkness and gloom

of an eterual night hung over the land and. notonecheerinir rav.oflisrht was visible. Blood--

O ,

shed, strife, and all the accompaniments ofheath

eriimn aud idolatry rioted in'wantonness through

out the length and breadth of the land. Gov

eminent was' wielded with a " despotic - sway to

which the history of the world produces scarcely a parallel. The principle of man's right to

"lifey liberty and the pursuit of happiness," wasone not recojniised here. If the shadow of asubject fell upon the King, he must diet- - Fromthe highest to the lowest, each viedwith the oth-

er in exercisiug in a lordly mauner their powerover their inferiors In a word, the whole his

tory of jhe past shows, the condition of the nationto have been at that period truly deplorable.

It would be a laborious, bu a pleasing task to

trace the successive advances made the ban-

ishment of heathen rites--th- e adoption of Chris-

tian forms of worship the gradual enlightenment

of the chiefs and people in the knowledge of let

ters the abolishment of former absurd practicesand" customs the bestowment ofrights upon "the

common people the struggle of the government

agamst foreign aggression and the numerous dit- -

ficulties to lie overcome in the various improve

ments down to the.present time ? but as this task

has been ably executed by our predecessor in his

History of the Islands, we forbear enlarging uponthis subject. Every candid man in perusing the

history of this nation from its discovery to thepresent time cannot fail of being impressed withits rapid advancement an advancement whichfinds no parallel in the history of the world.

What it took ages to accomplish in England has

been executed here one quarter of a century.

From chaos, order has arisen and a nalipnwhich in 1820 had no knowledge of letters and

no law but despotism in 1843 we fiud with

books and papers, apd a well organised systemof government, with laws to afford equal protection to all. ' We are struck with astonishmentwhen we contemplate the rapidity of these

great advances; and the facts recorded in histo-

ry speak volumes in praise of those who havecontributed by their efforts to bring about suchmighty changes. Viewed in comparison withthe history of other ages aud countries, tbecan- -

diu mind cannot but award the highest praise tothose wboJiave been instrumental in producing

these'reformsl and to the chiefs and rulers whohave, when convinced of the justice of liberalmeasures, so nobly supported them, even thoughby so doing they have contravened their old andestablished customs and deprived themselves oflong cherished rights and privileges.?- - It is a difficult task to persuade those who have the powerin their own hands to make concessions thatcou-fli- ct

with their interest, their habits, or their longestablished usages. ' We all know how hard itis to break up established habits and enstoms,'even when so doing does not conflict with ourintcrests.Every reform in government or reli-

gion U at first viewed as an encroachment. Man-

kind are great, sticklers for established formsand it is from a knowledge of this fact that weare led to more admire the ready concessions and

advances made by the rulers and people of these' ' ' -

.islands' - -

In the history of the post we find abundantcause of congratulation and much that is calculated tp cheer us in our; efforts for the future.The past is the index of the future. If in times

past advances have been made prejudices overcome long established usages broken up and

difficulties surmounted, it is reasonable to con-

clude that our existing difficulties can beover-com- e

by' applying the prppet remedies.rlaving cursorily glanced at the past and shown

that advances have been iuade,we will now en-

deavor to point out some of the difficulties whichstill exist in the Ivay of future fad vanccment.Notwithstanding much .has been accomplished,much yet remains to do Jone. One great obsta-

cle in the way o1 the. native population is thedifficulty of making the common people under-

stand and appreciate the fights and privilegesconferred upon them by the laws. It is difficultto do Sway with the k impressions derived fromthe relation of landlord and tenant under the oldfeudal system. Notwithstanding the promulgation of the'Dccmration-o- f Rights and the Con-

stitution and the subsequent enactment 6f a code

6f laws securing to all their rights, the mass ofthe people are'slow to avail themselves of theprivileges thus besowed upon them. v Under theold feudal system each , landlord had his agent,(konohiki) whose duty it was to collect the rentoHands, and who not unfrequently acted ex of--

ficio as the judiciary and executive . of, the district. ' Not unfrequently these agents appointedtub-agen- ts who in turn appointed substitutes un-

til the whole system has become so complicatedas Jo defy solution dtbe ascertainment of themixed rights involved It is this complicatedsystem that hs so protra&ed the Tabors of theLan Commission and clogged all advance inpermanent agricultural improvement. This classof agents, "depending upoiuhe labor of the ten-

ants fof support, frequently imposed upon themand made exorbitant demands, nat so much how, ....ever with a view to their' principal' Interest astheir own." The principal the hief has by

eaoctioping just laws provided protection for histcnarfc, but at tc same time he allows bis agentto misconstrue nthoem laws to the injury of thetenant. v It it true the chiefs are in many cases

i ignorant of jjSis injustice, for the gin is never

POLYNESIAN, SATUJtDAff ABBJLL 2 ;accounted for to them . but is pocketed by theagent..- . ... , ..'. Several foreigners engaged in agriculture withwhQ&.we have conversed npon this subject,have expressed the opinion that no one thing hasexerted, and continues to exert, so powerful aninfluence for evil as this chtss of land agents.'; Inremote districts they not anfrequently pervertevery measure adopted Ty .the "government, forthe benefit of the common TJople. For instance,in the remote districti'of Hawaii when' "noticesw ere published requesting the people to' send intheir claims tojaud, these Agents, whose interestswere likely to be affected by this measure endeavored to persuade the people that it was all

aoiiuun, nun ctcii lurcaicucu ji tucjr ecui iutheir claims, to turn them offtheir lands. Theyprevent those disposed to engage with foreignersfrom working and at the same time endeavor todissuade theui from' getting lands of theirown.We are aware that this system is so interwovenwith interest, custom and habit, that jt will notbe an easy task to do away with it. I. will taketime.'but it must, and we confidently believe will,be broken up. It is a system equally unprofita-ble to the landlord and uujust to the tenant.. Therecent movements respecting the titles to lands

poyit to the time, not far distant, when this class,who, "dressed in a . little brief authority, playsuch fantastic tricks" will be removed from theirpresent position and placed on a footing morebeneficial to themselves and to the "country.

Although many, of the common i people haveprocured fee-simp- le titles to lands by which theyare released from the labor(tax formerly due thelandlord, the mass are slow to perceive the advantages of such a course, and the landlords areloath to relinquish their claims for labor althoughby the law of the land they are obliged so to do,

The landlord heretofore has had a right to callupon his tenants for labor and he is slow, to perceive the good of measures which conflict withprevious usage and his personal interests. It isa new idea with them to pay for that which longestablished usage has given them a right to.is not surprising that such is the 'case; and although we may find much iu the late movementsrespecting lands that does not come up to ourgo-ahe- ad ideas, we cannot fail to notice cheeringauguries of good.

The natural indolence of the people is anothergreat obstacle in the way of advancement. Ourlegislators appear to have been sensible of theexistence of this obstacle, tor in their statutes wefind they hare made provisions respecting it.Idleness is not only a sin. but a crime against thestate. It has been so regarded by the law makersof other lands and it appears to have been so regarded by those who framed our laws. It mustbe apparent to the most casual observer .that nota few of our inhabitants are guilty of the sin ofhabitual idleness,' and are liable by the laws ofthe land, to be seized and put to work for thegovernment. Jt is high time that the statute respecting vagrants be enforced. If those w hohave health and strength will not work for them--sel vestthe arm of the law should be brought tobear upon them. Let the law respecting vagrants be strictly enforced and we should soonsee our streets cleared of the throng of idlers whosquander their time and live upon the earningsof the few who are industrious. Idleness is notonly a political wrong, but it is a great moralevil. It is the parent of vice, and the exertionsof every philanthropist and lover of his countryshould be directed to its removal. What per-

suasion cannot do the law should perform. It is

doubtful whether all the foreigners could show avisible means ofsubsistence; if not, furnish themwith one. While every inducement to industryshould be given, punishment for idleness shouldnot be withheld. We are confident that a strictenforcement of the law respecting vagrants wouldexert a salutary influence upon the prosperity ofthe country and the happiness of the people.

There nre other obstacles in the way of improvement equally worthy of notice. To removethese obstacles and to overcome-th- e prejudicesand formerhabits of the people will require wis

dom, time and patience. The task is an arduous

one, and the measures to be adopted, will at thebest be but experimental. - We might proceedto make suggestions forlhe removal of some ofthese evils but we prefer leaving this to more ableand experienced men.

We can see much to encourage those who arelaboring for of the nation inthe transactions of the past year. It will he seenby reference to His Majesty's speech that a division of the lands has been effected. This measure has been quietly and amicably acted upon;but it has proved a laborious task, and one whichwell answers the question so often asked, "Whatare the government doing to. advance the agri

cultural interests of the country?" The importance of this measure may fail to attract the no-

tice of those uuacquainted with the. previousstate of land titles, but its effects will tell uponthe future growth and. prosperity of the country,in a manner not to befihistaken. By this divis-

ion all those claiming to own lapds have amica-

bly adjusted their claims, and each one knows

what lands are his. Each man's title is settled,

subject only to the vested rights of tenants.These rights are iu the course of being adjusted

before the Land Commission, so that the time is

not far distant when all the complications and

difficulties which have enshrouded titles and re-

tarded the sale and consequent improvement oflands will be removed. Previous to this divis

ion the government has really had no lands todispose of, but now bythe voluntary acts of theKing and chiefs, certain portions of the landshave been set aside for the use and benehYof the

government. I hese portions will doubtless De

surveyed and put into market, so those who wish

will find no obstacle in the way of procuringlands for agricultural operations. We cannot

too much admire the wisdom manifested in the

adoption of this measure. Great credit is due

those who have toiled so assiduously to bring itabout. We can see in the spirit of this measure

the genii gf future prosperity and happiness. --

An idea prevails with some that it is not thedesire of the government to encourage the invest-tne- ut

of capital in the country. His Majesty'sremarks on this subject refute such a supposition

awl show ,to the world what the policy of the

government with regard to lands is. The natu-

ralized officers to a man possess enlarged views

upon this subject. Many not acquainted with

the difficulties under which the government has

labored have judged harshly. Time will showwho have been the true friends of the nation.Finally, in this hasty review of the past and thepresent we find bright hopes and great encour-agement for the future.

opening vof x:rri lsgiulativi; a.Oa Thursday . April 37tb a HoUet and Kep-resentati- vea

assambled.according to previous no-

tice. In order to aSTord accommodation ' to allthe King's Chapel wa eboen for,Tae place ofmeeting; "The diplomtcVorp4 and their familiesthe officers of government and nearly all theor-eig- m

ladies and gentlemen ' resident in Honolu

lu were' "present. .The7church was

-decorated!

with evergreens and notwiihiaiWing iu aize j

was densely .'crowded .at 'an early hour. The the anauing aeawon oriha Atocrnuy ipulpit was enveloped in flags an 1 in front of it a. vancemcut of laa country.temporary platform was erected for the orraion. Mr. Hulu, ona of tha Representative, f.4-- At

precisely-1-0 o'clock their Majesties the King lowed in nnne mnarka of a imibr Mtur. Il

and Queen accompanied by the Ministers of affiled him great joy to learn that a division

State and the young Chiefs left th Falae un- -j of the Kind bad been effected andoaLly. . It waa

der a royal salute from the battery on Punch measure of irrcat iuterwt H tba nation. Il wa

Bowl. .The royal cortege was escorted by Hi! a strong proof of tho interest Ilia MjVy amiMajesty's body guard and the whole route fromthe Palace to the Chapel guarded by lines ofsoldier. On the arrival of the royal party at thentrance to the Chael they were greeted with"God save the King" by the brass band. Onthe entrance of their Majesties the whole audi-

ence rose and remained standing until His Ma-

jesty took' his seat upon the throne. Afu-- r ashort pause the Rev. Mr. Antrong offered upto the Throne of Grace a short and appropriateprayer, when the audience was again seated.His Majesty then proceeded to read the Royal aion and unanimously carried.Speech, of which the following i a translation: j The Assembly waa then adjourned until Kri-Nobl- es

axd Representatives, I am, ''"J tb at 9 oVlork. Their .Majesties theglad to see you again assembled to delibcr- - i Kin ""I Quern nM, and arrmpaniel by

ate for the benefit of alL who live under my j the Minister f State ami the youny Chief tear-rul- e.

I have ordered my Ministers to lay ing the lofty h'aktlu and eiortcd by lira guard,before you the Reports of their respective' returned to the Palace.Departments, for the last year,

The relations of my Kingdom w ith all na-

tions, with which we have intercourse, con-tinue of the most fricndlr kind. -

T t i j n: xi.: ... .t. r:xi uas picaseu xiia.Majesiy 111c imii 01 inciFrench, to ratify the Treaty of the '2iilhMarch, 1816, in similar terms to thoe inwhich Her Majesty the Queen of Great Rri-tai- n

ratified the British Treaty of the samedate. . -

' No Treaty has, as yet, been negotiatedwith the United States.

I have made a Treaty with the Republicand the Free Hanscatic City of Hamburg,which I hope will be beneficial to the Com-merce of my Islands.

A division of Lands has been amicably ef-fected, between myself and mv Konohiki.by means of which one very embarrassingtenure has been simplified. I have set aparta certain number of Lands to bo the propertyof my Chiefs and people, subject to such,rules as you may adopt for their disposal. 1

have also reserved to myself a portion oflands which are to be retained as my privateproperty, and to descend to my heirs forever.The rights of the Tenants are to be respec t-

ed. It will be j-o- duty, not only to passsuch laws as may be needful for the regula-tion and disposal of those land, but. if pos-sible, to devise measures for the upplicati'.nof capital and labor to their improvement, inorder to create an Export which may be ex-

changed for the productions of foreign coun-tries.

Owing'to the lamented death of my Mini'-t- er

of Public Instruction, some confusion hasarisen in the application of funds for the sup-port of Schools. It will be your duty to en-

quire if any adequate support can be givento this important national object, and at thesame time the Labor Tax be dispensed with.Whatever yea may do, you will bear inmind the equal toleration which is to beshown to both Catholics and Protestant?. j

I recommend you to consider the practical i

working of the Laws, and to adpt the im- j

provements which experience may have sug - :

jested.- -

The assurances received on the part ofiGreat Britain and France, confirm me in mypolicy of resisting all foreign control in the'government of my Kingdom, but we will always remember that; deriving every thingfrom God, we are to acknowledge Ilim'andseek His glory in whatever we say or do, andthat the cause of religion and morality is thefirst interest of mv Kingdom.

May the Supreme Ruler of nations and ofmen, guide you in all your deliberations, tothe enactment of laws, equitable, jut andwise, promotive of a wholesome moralityamong my subjects, of glory? to (sod and ofgood will to all mankind. .; '

When His Majesty had finished the deliveryof bis speech, Mr. Kaeo, one of the Nobles,rose and spokeHcarly as follows:

Soblet and Ilepreentative of the people,- -

Wonderful the excellence of the speech of ourKins; wonderful the impression mmle upon my I

hfHrt liv listening 'to him renkinfHas a father'nn.i.rr..i tk ..r.,v.i ..f i.u

words and the satisfaction of beariug from bia J..... Jnation is at peace ami on terms 01 i

friend.-b.i-p with other nations of the earth; w onderful the satisfaction at the setting forth of treat-

ies, which are as iron band to jhe nation. Urealthe sorrow at the death of the Minister of Edu

cation; we must foster that department. Rutthe iuterests of agriculture w hich His Majestyrecommends to our attention I mo--t heartily ad-

vocate. . .

Where arc you, people of the times of Kala- -

niopuu, of Kamehameha I. of Kamehameha II.Have you in ancient times witnessed such pros-

perity as we now behold. No. KamehamehaIII. has, out of his generosity, divided the land",confirming lands to us aud to our childreu fromgeneration to generation, for ever and ever; ourKing will be second to none for the admirationand respect which will be accorded him by all.Shall we not exert ourselves to improve thelaws? Shall we not patiently endure every la

bor. We shall.This is the best part of tha King's sjeccb,

impressing upon us that we must trust in God,that God may assist us. This is true, 1 heartilyapprove.

Mr. Kekino, one of the Representatives, fol

lowed with some eloquent remarks upon thepleasure he had felt in listening to Hi Majesty'sspeech. He was pleased to know that a division of lands bad been peaceably effected. Hewas bappy to know that all their troubles w ithforeigners had been terminated. When IliaMajesty first chose naturalized foreigners to assist him, many entertained fears; time had shownthose fears to be groundless. Tbey could allnow see the wisdom of His Majesty in choaingthese men to assist him. It was through the la-

bors of these intelligent men that the nation hadbeen relieved from its embarrassment and itafforded him pleasure to bear testimony to thewisdom displayed by His Majesty in aelectin

A 818,trwn la MMrbkdM ia adouoirfratioa oftb gSvtrniucut. 1t ' 4

- ?r. Waoi;, oaa of tha Nobles, waand made tuiac appropriate remarks hwpcetioftfce topics of interest in IIU Maj-tv'spc-

and eiprewd his admiration of tb meuurobwrfofor purtord by thi government. K was

gratifirdjo know that lb foreign reUtion ofthe efeintry ware of a pleainf nature HabouM take pkanur

- it-jn

.ffivut; hU

.

apport tany measure that uniht tloucuc lrwaru at

the Noble flt in the wellVe. of tb roomioneople. It would afford jrteot ,aatifrtio to

the commoner, anl he liegol krav to testifyhi admiration of the wiadmn and liberality du--playcl in the adoption uf tbi nieaaur.

. L. Kapeau, governor of Hawaii, tbcu roaaand jropord thai a committee' be rbaeo todraA a reply to Ilia Majrty'a ireeh. Hemoved that Mer. Kanrhna, I'iikoi and Wanabe thi committee. The motiou m4 put by HiHighness the rremieraa Chairman for thm orra- -

Previous to their leaving tie Chapel the choirof the Rev. Mr. ArrmtiiMig'a rhurrh nwa in thegullerie and auug a aofig riHnposed for the oc- -

caslon.The day waa pleasant but root. The tr.osi

inrrfect order waa preserved throughout, and ifthe countenance he an indct of th feelings, therewere few present who did not participate in thepleasure vf meeting under surh riirunistauee.The manner and style of the orator wastha sub-

ject of much comment among th foreigner rrent. A we looked ujxm ill seenc, werouM notrefrain from eontrastin it with the silit whirbpresrnU'd tliciiiMltr lo tha tUitur on theseshores in year gone by. There were thosepresent to whom the contrast iMtt hate beenmore striking those who were aiiHinj the ftrsi

f the niir.ionarit to these It 1nuthave been a j Imm miI.jVi nf ronien4 tior totheui and inie whir h affordnl them a eratilVin?reward for u II tlieir labor.

On Friday the lh nl 9 o'.lork . . theHouse uf NoMc and Uelrcriitaiivi' met in

to adjourtimiiit. 'I he committee rho- -

n to draft a reply to His Mnjrty'x.ct b sub-

mitted the follow ing. which v. as rend and appro cd:

TntHLATlOVOn behalf of the Noble and Representa-

tives of Your Kingdom, we crave leave toapproach Your Majesty with feeling of loyalty. love and dutv

vVe are all much touched with Your Ma-

jesty's sob run addres and invocation of theSpirit of the Most High to guide and directii in our deliberation.

We are reminded of several thing tlat.l,nMYour Majesty tin reriinmcnded to u in. ''previous vcors, that from want of tiai andexperience we hive not sufTu n titU attrndrd

'to. During the present es.ioii. wc shallendeavor, with t!ic blessing of lied, to givethem every attention in our power,

Wc are pleased to know that all foreignnation coniiuue lo with friendship lothi aniull state, and that Your Majesty per- -

sista in y our pdicv of governing it inde pen--drntly and of shewing equal favor to all na- -lion

Wc shall carefully examine and c'iiJerjthe division inlands, wluh ha been hap-

oniauLk: 11'

tour Rrs-Ju- - 'red itb trri.uons wiiii cur rr-Ji- ru i .ua!en

.k-- ..i-.u- I .tl. ..1. --- .I .'1. -lights of the lower vrdera and of all ftherwho have an intcn-- in the soil.

We slinll rndeavor to encourage industryamong all classes, a the best of pio--mctmg rrlinn and morality, or increasingthe number of your snljectj, and adding totheir wraith and happiness.

Considering that what progress wo havemade during the last 'J years, ia mainly tobe attributed to education" and C bristiamlyamong us, it will be our duly to encourageMissiotmiics, Schools, Teachers as thebest mean of still further advance nuut.

In the death of the late Minister of PublicInstruction, Kicbarda, the nation hasu' ine "'"Z tM"- -

May it please vur Majety to remedyas 10 your niur pj'ji r in.

We carefully atiecJ 'o all petitionor complaint in regard to the lawa, andtheir administration, and where evil exist,we shall endevor to remedy litem.

So far aa the revenues of the country per-mit, we shall be ready to tola the funds ne-

cessary for all useful purposes of - Your Ma-

jesty's Government.May God preserve Your Majesty.Tbeir Majestic ibe King and tjueen, aeeom-panie- d

as 011 the previous day, left lb ('slice at10 o'clock. After their irrival at tba Chapel aprayer wa offered up by Mr. li one of th No-

ble. The several annual Reports of the Mil ter

were then read in their order and receivedfor consideration and adoption, after whirb theAssembly aljourncd to Tuesday next at 10o'clock, a.

The prevniusly met on the ?"bof April n nrg-tniz-

e and rrceiv'e the I r put Irsfrom the differeut i.land. Hire i f ibe meitvber of the Hous of Noble wera alsnrnt. 1 befollowing ia a of thoso present at the organ-ization

Centlemen Alenera 1'aki, Heniki Namalrha,Joane li, M. Kekuanaoa, Jamea Y. K am boa,Geo. L. Kaeau, Paulo Kanoa, Cbarle Kauai-n- a,

Aarona Keliiahonui, Jissepw Kaea, N. Na-mau- u,

Kaisara Kapackea, Jona Piikoi.Indira Mrs. Young, Ali; Mr. Pitt, Kee-likola- nl;

Mr, l'aki, Kooia; Kataakra,Keohokalole.

The ReprcM'iitativea win were found to haveIs'eo duly appointed took their scaU. We, tub-jo- in

a list of them.

Mer. D. Kane boa and Wahineikt fromHawaii: Messrs. W. Kahileaixl J. Hula frtnMaui; Measrt. K. Kuapanio amIJ. Kekino fromOahu, ami Mr. Wana from Kauai.

W. E. Maikai was appointed Secretary of tbaHouse of .Noble a.

-- MI'.MCIPU. tJOVr.aXMF.NTThe lime has arrived he. .k. '

Hoonlula to demand id. tSiMuiueipalGoverntnent. hUaft- -nsrat tba leal oiteroua, and OB. wv- - . ..rienevof allridiie. etmmu.,.. nHtha best adopted to pronoi il i,,,,,,alowa tawaa. In a well eersu.xt u tGovernmetit lh vanou intcrria ly"

seine' lue tiinerrni lojnej ,f j,

all brouyhl trwrtt for dsacu.m,,rtHMioaUieaeaasjerMbeintlbeaeiipie thtough their repreettjue,H fli .

give'ati.f4etnti to all. .

Tha fr, the eni of jhiMw impiu our towa h lea bxnra by u,,artH by private individual. M4Bje?a who have etjoyed lL

,ttroveittents bar rM;iritte.tr.l. ...i- twmf Wltit lrs iti tha sttwitMi li U Nsm!j, I

local improve ttx-li- t outtfihe puU "for il woukl be niantft-silyunji- t9inhabitant of remote distriet , fn,e.juol share toward Hfraviii ib

iiftprtivenirnta KU.le f.r tk fecithe inhab'liht wf llmolala. It i tra,many pib!c bnprovrntrDt whirl

'

wneni oue Niriun of IM eouiilry n,!other; but lha evniM'f merely lJiaktrmenu the inhabit..! if thsboubl pay. If tha eiiietvsof Ibm.j ,

I""i wrrrn iiNiirsiii tl is trtit Uifbobi.l pay lor ibcui. ,

(

lly the ofrnnixvtkxv of Mantrijns-- us-- ('iirrniT in a tliei.ibeted of the burden of bsrnl mN r',an I measures oi mtrovrinent navji ,viadvocate would feeiv atteniioi,,peia, wouH be sliareq epini;y by a. hremove all eaua of ronipUnit, as ort UtiJM W .....l'l ..A .A ... ilk.. luld.... .

otPgei lo eontrilHita towaM 4. frivtrv v

tJeoe. The rpuisihi!iry wimltl t4 i)thm tieoitli. anl I lie Uinie if an Li . I

to them. No one fouU resnalb Hti.u J... . . T

all would lJ reprrsentel m the fuua.l 0eminent.

Another kmmI eflVxt wh h ile orgiinaa Municipal Govt rtuiirnt wimiLI hits, )to oj-e- n he eyea cf Ih e to Ui tnuvrprot-enli-

nj in aueh mailers. The lijir3terettol all reprreiied wimU f ,j

eiyner to I in tr.e eourx il. I be r

coiuluetuijj the el etiou and tlie (hi if rsw--J

in J nt th ineetin woudl Is? Dovtl latvJlive, I 'til it coubl not fd lo anslru tn vie-i-

lhtr mind. Il would be a uev rru jimiiith'i eiirnre. 1 na questions unt:for diseussiiMi at tbtr s woull :f.

ies lor aonveraiwwi. tjiiesiina iinbtireul4te I nrousti th ll ntreie Jiiiiud and w iiiigtt be astonished witklsr.

It wouLl at le.ft awaken sill the ftiiisls of the people ntvl ike rtfnsi.7

not but l ulut.rv-- .

Mu b tb.tl i true h is Ixasmd reineeesiy 01 israi iuirrovrneritf. ii-fj-- J

men is the way open Uke the itee.uUlliJ th sul jeet Isrfors) tUo presv attlie an ae qf infnrvwfor the town of ll ixilulu elcet your

your itx-usur- e of iti'provemettt aJ M 4

I finally, don't niM if Vouhiiyour share of the evre.

Titt-iT- U u smovq PrLic M-- . lilotting extract is front ' spew1 of Kn

Marb,dtiivered at the lute, WrWTesanee Convention Ik Id in london :

Ttat man Hon. K. H. Kverett sft-- r

amlNisa-t4lo- r at ll4 mo--l noble rourt m Yj

returned n In own enuntry lo uVvote aibe training. vf the totinf inn... f .inerx-- t

A.k

is rr-..ir- ti i.r our i'M ! 1 nivrrvi.eve sun r vel I he inuii Mien rntutunfo! iere. be a'.ke.!, how shll truvnnrnre 9f

1' "ft e.t;ei. of vUcbuM tt ami other M

Vr. V Ufr ail mhet rtiuiv i.!uU were ptrwi.t. there w not air.toticattK s liquors."

It wncM seit that Mr. Everett lal U

wine drinker. Thonsh a I'ul4.e nun, t

oerupied st4lioa of great influence, irj kbeen long 4 'prominent example t k Hmeo. b had never felt kuder ohhjMisUtfrmii ibi habit in order to pronto tat

of teniperam e. Other nen had lalmfWW

ami made such sacritVe for the rood of

Strange thai h so intelligent, ao difn.f 4

generally dxd tv benefit mrdio!.need lo 1st 1

1 vtJ at the head f cJVprrbend Ibe V.irful effe f hiaaweIl U a eratrf..l fae however that be ee-- (

a radical reform in hi awn boose. I' -eil

wholly from apiritoii uor ! mJ

studenu to da same. It was a. risworthy of every pvM naa. A k

give any man great influence. pudtrtmanner of life i a standard w b fe p 1

utenrtfer. His tl ample i a sort ( AmL

bnvl wbih tb wise drinker I'slft th

laiale l.iila ibentselvee. Il is bird ti r

pol.te ortVr of ibe ftlss ai ks ow a u'- - 'harder, a ike larye soruil party laan. I exrlusive, wbdohe.anotftet rnf sne

ortbedisiinguished ajrnl of a fre'i;'i p"ly partake f wine. Sna eal il vdrink to the beshb of tha Consul of

' !

t ioLta their hfisr iplea itvn restet fe ' '

frialitsen; otbersdrtnk ibere f.r ibe fV

and other still gratify their apetite o'm "totit ation. Were lint nn of bi'u r

laiO entirely frnr tba ac of wine,J getber w ith t!ie stronger ' li'i'toc i" :

rlaasea WouU be aavetl front ibeir hfandtbautberrlasa would feel a saljtjry nvSuch a derision on their part wod I d

promote ll raus of ieniranre ia tttban a treaty prohilMting iitiwsrtstioi af T'

T law (trohibiting lieense, Tb s tk

suasion we now itecd. Tha lb eafof your inurtst in tha gvoil of tt p"1

Tbi shall be the lest of vuwr n-jv-J

. . : 1 . 1 ' .. s.'niwilljlira roHIOII Rriri w- -i w niv "i'

Ukt laa BoU staivl of PrvrfnUnt I'.trrri

I '3" Mima. I lilloo. Consul if I rum eWhtta issued card af invitation ("

MihmUv ateaioa-- . Mav 1st. in cleUt8. " ' ... . fk.'

aouivrrsarj day of II. Jlajesf t- -1 ' V.

Kieg af ika Krcnrb. Wa unJVntsid uVrf 'jestie Ui4 King an. I turen an-- l iba a0tbeir tourt will be pexnl aa the oirasje

pily concluded beta ten our "jj- -rfy and'Snll it ! vtuli winKonohiki, and nd. tt cur r t I'.m v tjlm,. AisM

:.i. 1. .1 . V" f- .Iir iw-r- . ft I h K tr h hiiiiiirWlour

tnrana

and

Mr.

il

iiuiiishall

.

legislature

list:

Mr.

tha