THE POLICY OF PREPARING SKILLED WORKERS IN MONGOLIA … · Урлаг, үзвэр, тоглоом...

THE POLICY OF PREPARING SKILLED WORKERS IN MONGOLIA WITH LABOR MARKET RESEARCH AND DEMAND

MONGOLIA. ITGELMAA TOIVGOO

1

Mongolia in Brief:

Capital: Ulaanbaatar

Official Language: Mongolian

Government: Parliament +President

Land : 1,564,115.75 km2 (19th)

Population: 3 126 965

Population Density: 1.75/km2 (236th)

Geography: mountains, forest, steppe, desert

Administration: Ulaanbaatar and 21 provinces

Religion: Buddhists 90% other

Education: General Education (free).

Literacy--more than 90%.

Currency: Tugrug (MNT)

Time zone: (UTC+7 to +8)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mongolia_(orthographic_projection).s

1. Current Status of Mongolian national labour market survey

2. Activities implemented under the vocational education policy action

Labour market statistics

Barometer survey

Employment Survey of Graduates

Medium and long-term demand and supply forecasts

Current studies in the labour market

Labour market statistics:

Ministry of Labour and

Social Protection

Other / ILO, ADB, WB ... /

National Statistical

Office

The number of economically active and inactive population

The level of labor force participation

Unemployment rate

Total number of employees...

Registered unemployed citizens

Number of job orders

Number of intermediaries

Results of RILSP survey

Administrative data / industrial accidents and labor disputes ... /

The results of international research and analysis

Other labour market indicators

Define labour demand for the next one year

Short-term labour market or labour force needs for one year tocome and determine labour force over the past one year by sector,occupation and location of economic activity and provideinformation.

Objective

Barometer survey:

• An annual survey conducted since 2010

• Sampling• Эх олонлог: Entities registered in business registration database

Sample features: More than 150 employees are employed by a wide rangeof organizations, and other organizations are based on the number ofemployees of the organization and their economic activity.

Introduction

Barometer survey:

WORK FORCE DEMAND /2017/Results of the 2016 survey

Total needs 70.6 thousand

70655

12577

36909

8337

12833

First half year

Last half year

First half year

Last half year

70655

43002

27654

Нийт Шинэ ажлын байр Сул ажлын байр

Barometer survey:

WORK FORCE DEMAND

(By classification of economic activity sector)

Barometer survey:

12865

3098

14769

10908

14257

36004927

3343

9808 10008

5491 5720

ХӨДӨӨ АЖ АХУЙ, ОЙН АЖ АХУЙ, ЗАГАС БАРИЛТ,

АН АГНУУР

УУЛ УУРХАЙ, ОЛБОРЛОЛТ

БАРИЛГА БОЛОВСРУУЛАХ ҮЙЛДВЭРЛЭЛ

БӨӨНИЙ БОЛОН ЖИЖИГЛЭН ХУДАЛДАА; МАШИН, МОТОЦИКЛИЙН

ЗАСВАР ҮЙЛЧИЛГЭЭ

БАЙР, СУУЦ БОЛОН ХООЛ ХҮНСЭЭР ҮЙЛЧЛЭХ

ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017

Agriculture, forestry,

fishing, huntingMining Construction Processing factory Wholesale and retail

trade, car and

motorcycle maintenance

Building and operation

of housing and food

0.4

0.8

0.9

1.2

1.5

2.0

2.1

2.2

3.2

3.3

4.9

4.9

5.5

5.5

5.7

6.6

9.8

10.0

УСАН ХАНГАМЖ; БОХИР УС, ХОГ, ХАЯГДЛЫН МЕНЕЖМЕНТ БОЛОН ЦЭВЭРЛЭХ ҮЙЛ …

ҮЙЛЧИЛГЭЭНИЙ БУСАД ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

САНХҮҮГИЙН БОЛОН ДААТГАЛЫН ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

ЦАХИЛГААН, ХИЙ, УУР, АГААРЖУУЛАЛТЫН ХАНГАМЖ

УРЛАГ, ҮЗВЭР, ТОГЛООМ НААДАМ

МЭРГЭЖЛИЙН, ШИНЖЛЭХ УХААН БОЛОН ТЕХНИКИЙН ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

ҮЛ ХӨДЛӨХ ХӨРӨНГИЙН ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

МЭДЭЭЛЭЛ, ХОЛБОО

ТЭЭВЭР БА АГУУЛАХЫН ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

УУЛ УУРХАЙ, ОЛБОРЛОЛТ

ЗАХИРГААНЫ БОЛОН ДЭМЖЛЭГ ҮЗҮҮЛЭХ ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

ХӨДӨӨ АЖ АХУЙ, ОЙН АЖ АХУЙ, ЗАГАС БАРИЛТ, АН АГНУУР

БӨӨНИЙ БОЛОН ЖИЖИГЛЭН ХУДАЛДАА; МАШИН, МОТОЦИКЛИЙН ЗАСВАР …

БОЛОВСРОЛ

БАЙР, СУУЦ БОЛОН ХООЛ ХҮНСЭЭР ҮЙЛЧЛЭХ ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

ХҮНИЙ ЭРҮҮЛ МЭНД БА НИЙГМИЙН ҮЙЛ АЖИЛЛАГАА

БАРИЛГА

БОЛОВСРУУЛАХ ҮЙЛДВЭРЛЭЛ

Эхний 6 сар Сүүлийн 6 сар

Work force demand / by classification of economic activity sector, thousand/

Barometer survey

Work force demand /by classification of work and occupation/

2010 2012 2017

Occupation name Occupation name Occupation name

1 Plaster, plasterer 1 Supporting staff, construction 1 Driver

2 Fine carpentry and other relevant staff 2 Production and economic assistant 2 Service assistant

3 Waitress 3 Driver 3 A security guard

4 Construction and other electricians 4 A security guard 4 Assistant worker

5 Plumbers and pipe fitters 5 Engineering and construction 5 Nurse

6 Chef 6 Armature 6 Technologist

7 Fine-made toolkit and repairer 7 Mechanical and engineering 7 The vast occupation of construction

8 Welder 8 Builder 8 Chef

9 Motor vehicle mechanics and regulators 9 Sewing, knitting 9 Waitress

10 General practitioner 10 Chef 10 Doctor

Barometer survey

Work force demand /by classification of work and occupation/

2010 2012 2017

Occupation name Occupation name Occupation name

11Mining engineers, metallurgists and other related

professionals11 Plasterer, Plasterers 11 Distributor

12 Fine / specialized / professional physician 12 Manufacturer and engine 12 Servant

13 Bricklayers and related workers 13 Bricklayers and related workers 13 construction engineer

14 Food operator and other food product operator 14 Technician and engineering calculator 14 Editors

15 Teacher of Technical Education 15 Welder 15 Electrician

16 Builder 16 Fine pastry 16 Seller

17Concrete, concrete surface grinders and related

professionals17 Electrician 17 Accountant

18 Bus, trullet, and tram driver 18 Traders 18 Cashier

19 Heavy trucks, big car drivers 19 Driver and store 19 Teacher

20 Civil Engineer 20 Waitress 20 Firemen

Barometer survey

In 2017, the demand for vocational / school types /University TVET

№ Occupation name № Occupation name

1 Technologist 1 Driver

2 Doctor 2 A security guard

3 Construction engineer 3 Nurse

4 Accountant 4 The vast occupation of construction

5 Teacher 5 Chef

6 Pharmacist 6 Waitress

7 Finance and economist 7 Distributor

8 Electrical engineer 8 Servant

9 Marketing Manager 9 Editors

10 Translator 10 Electrician

11 Occupational Safety Engineer 11 Welder

12 Budgetary 12 Tailor

13 Network Engineer 13 Seller

14 Economist 14 Hairdresser

15 Foreign relations 15 Travel agent

16 Musicians 16 Plumber

17 Road engineer 17 Cashier

18 Pilot 18 Knock operator

19 Marksider 19 Mechanist

20 Lawyer 20 Operator

Barometer survey

Ажиллах хүчний дутагдал /ЭЗҮАС, хувиар/

0.1

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.1

1.4

2.1

3.6

4.1

5.6

7.1

7.3

8.3

8.7

8.8

8.8

11.3

19.2

Усан хангамж; бохир ус, хог, хаягдлын менежмент болон цэвэрлэх үйл …

Цахилгаан, хий, уур, агааржуулалтын хангамж

Тээвэр ба агуулахын үйл ажиллагаа

Уул уурхай, олборлолт

Үйлчилгээний бусад үйл ажиллагаа

Мэргэжлийн, шинжлэх ухаан болон техникийн үйл ажиллагаа

Санхүүгийн болон даатгалын үйл ажиллагаа

Мэдээлэл, холбоо

Урлаг, үзвэр, тоглоом наадам

Байр, сууц болон хоол хүнсээр үйлчлэх үйл ажиллагаа

Хөдөө аж ахуй, ойн аж ахуй, загас барилт, ан агнуур

Хүний эрүүл мэнд ба нийгмийн үйл ажиллагаа

Боловсрол

Үл хөдлөх хөрөнгийн үйл ажиллагаа

Захиргааны болон дэмжлэг үзүүлэх үйл ажиллагаа

Барилга

Боловсруулах үйлдвэрлэл

Бөөний болон жижиглэн худалдаа; машин, мотоциклийн засвар үйлчилгээ

Өнгөрсөн нэг жилийн хугацаанд 15.0 мянган ажиллах хүч

дутагдалтай байсан.

Барометрийн судалгаа:

Tracking Survey

GOAL

Aimed at providing information to policymakers, universities, colleges, andvocational training centers decision makers and researchers on employmentstatus, job mediate forms, periods, and qualifications compliance ofgraduates, therefore to find out the workplace challenges and the reasonsfor unemployment and inactive economy.

Graduates Employment Survey:

INTRODUCTION

• Study survey• Survey feature: Analyze one unit of the survey annually.

• Sampling:• Эх олонлог: University and Vocational training school graduates on 2011

• Sampling feature: Graduates are selected according to the type ofschooling and occupation


Employment of graduates /by year and percentage/

75.3

43.4

80.5

55.6

78.3

54.8

74.4

48.0

ИДС төгсөгчид МСҮТ төгсөгчид

2013

2014

2015

2016

University graduates Vocational training school graduates


Economical Activity of Graduates in 2017 /by %/


64.8

20.2

15.0

Хөдөлмөр эрхэлдэг

Ажилгүй

Эдийн засгийн идэвхигүй

Get Employed

Unemployed

Economically Inactive

Economic activity changes in 2015-2016

81.8

17.80.4 24.3

73.2

2.5 24.3

49.2

26.5

Ажилтай

Ажилгүй

Сурч байгаа

Was get employed

in 2015

Was unemployed

in 2015

Was studying in

2015

Get Employed

During the survey period,the annual change ineconomic activity isapproximately equal.


Unemployed

Studying

Graduates looking for job /by school type, хувиар/

Vocational training school graduates

5576

University graduates

5907 58.3%

41.7%

82.4%

17.6%

Ажил хайж буй ИДС төгсөгч МСҮТ төгсөгч

Ажилтай АжилгүйEmployed Unemployed


Looking for a jobUniversity graduates

Vocational training school graduates

The reason for the inactive economy of graduates (by percentage)

No interest to work, 10.1

Personal issues /child, look after

elderly person etc/, 21.0

Жирэмсэн, нялх хүүхэдтэй, 55.6

Still studying, 9.2

Plan to go to abroad 4.2


MIDLLE AND LONG TERM

Predictive methodology

Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлтийн таамаглал Ажиллах хүчний таамаглал

Эхн

ий ш

ат

2-р

шат

3-р

шат

Эдийн засгийн өсөлт

Хөдөлмөр зарцуулалтын коэффициентийн

таамаглал /салбараар/

Хөдөлмөрийн эрэлтийн таамаглал

/салбараар/

Хөдөлмөр эрхлэлтийн таамаглал /ажил

мэргэжлийн ангиллаар/

Салбар ажил

мэргэжлийн матрикс

/салбараар, ажил

мэргэжлийн үндсэн

бүлгээр/

Салбар ажил

мэргэжлийн матрикс

/салбараар, ажил

мэргэжлийн дэд бүлгээр/

Хүн амын таамаглал

Хөдөлмөрийн насны хүн амын таамаглал

Ажиллах хүчний оролцооны түвшний

таамаглал /хүйс, насны бүлгээр/

Эдийн засгийн идэвхитэй хүн амын

таамаглал /Ажиллах хүчний нийлүүлэлт/

Хөдөлмөрийн эрэлт-нийлүүлэлтийн

таамаглал

Хөдөлмөрийн эрэлт

Medium and long term hypothesis:

Employment Prediction Workforce Prediction

Economical Growth Population assumptions

Labor Expenditure Coefficient (by sector)

Labor Demand Forecast(by sector)

Employment Assumptions (by major)

The Working Age Hypothesis

Labor force participation assumptions (by age, sex)

Economical Active Population Hypothesis / labor supply /

Labor Demand

Employment demand and supply assumption

Sector occupational matrix /by sector, by

occupational subgroup/

Sector occupational matrix /by sector, by occupational main

group/

Firs

t St

age

Seco

nd

St

age

Thir

d S

tage

Prediction result

Workforce hypothesis / supply /

Population hypnosis over age 15 / sex, age group /

АХОТ-ий таамаглал /хүйс, насны бүлэг/

Economically active population hypothesis / gender, age group /

Employment Assumptions /Demand/

GDP assumptions /ЭЗҮАС/

Labor Expectation Coefficient Assumptions/ЭЗҮАС/

Total Workers' Assumptions /ЭЗҮАС/

ЭЗҮАС-т professional estimation of employee coefficients

Салбар-Ажил мэргэжлийн матриц /ЭЗҮАС, Ажил мэргэжлийн үндсэн 10,

дэд 43 бүлэг/


Changes in economically active population

Changes in employment


75124

180822

45389

30432

197792

268600

127818

102526

86474

4937

102344

245605

58864

43236

239321

196782

160978

137410

113087

6307

М1

М2

М3

М4

М5

М6

М7

М8

М9

М10

2024 2015

Long-term labor demand forecast / by occupational classification /


Unemployment level hypothesis

The unemployment rate is calculated from the expected labor supply and labor demand.

Unemployment rate hypothesis (2016-2024)

Long-term labor demand forecast / by occupational classification /

Year Employees ЭЗИХА Unemployment rate

2016 1155713 1254722 7.9%

2017 1155019 1276554 9.5%

2018 1154788 1284086 10.1%

2019 1165297 1296670 10.1%

2020 1182776 1308080 9.6%

2021 1201819 1318807 8.9%

2022 1219245 1334237 8.6%

2023 1232048 1338907 8.0%

2024 1241534 1345735 7.7%

Although we have been conducting these surveys, we have not made research for skills demands needed in the labor market.

However, we have been working on the skills needs survey in the three selected sectors.

- Agricultural sector

- Transport sector

- Construction sector

• Implementation activities of the policy of the TVET sector.

TVET SYSTEM UPGRADE

32

National Council for VETMinistry of Labour and

Social Protection

UB RMCWestern

RMC

Eastern

RMCTuv RMC

Khangai

RMC

Gobi

RMC

91 TVET institutions

Implementing Agency of Labour Social Protection /VET Policy

Coordination Department/

Assessment

Center

FUNCTIONS OF NCVET

33

Discuss and issue judgement on nationalTVET development policy and program;

Discuss information and report, and issue aregulation and recommendation, andprovide with direction on theimplementation of the laws and legislationsrelated to vocational education and trainingand development of national qualificationframework;

Issue judgement by discussing the nationalclassification and definition of occupationsand content of vocational education andtraining to be followed throughout thecountry;

Monitor the expenditure of TVETdevelopment fund;

Research and develop proposal onMongolia joining TVET related internationalconvention and agreement;

FUNCTIONS OF MOLSP

Support the development, approval,

organization and implementation of the

legislation, policy, strategy and program on

vocational education and training;

Provide with management and professional

methodology on TVET sector policy;

Develop proposal on revising vocational

education standards, concept and curricula,

implement NQF development policy and

provide with professional methodology;

FUNCTIONS OF IALSP:

Organize the activity to provide TVET policy

implementation with management and professional

methodology;

Implement the policy to establish NQF;

Develop public and private partnership, ensure

cross-sector coordination and collaborate to

increase employment level of graduates;

Implement the policy on capacity development of

TVET sector human resources;

Organize the activity to support life long learning

and employment and estimate the outcomes.

Assess, verify, validate the professional skills of

graduates that satisfy the requirements of

vocational and technical education program and

define and grant the qualifications level and

conduct independent assessment;

By the request of Mongolian or foreign citizens to

assess, verify professional skills, define and grant

qualifications level;

Establish assessment and test database,

including electronic copies;

Ensure the implementation related to assessment

and certification;

RMC is responsible to ensure implementation of VETconcept, establish competency database, skillsimprovement, training and development of teachersand conduct reserach.

FUNCTIONS OF VET AC

35

1

3

2TVET POLICY IMPLEMENTATION AND

ACTIVITIES

• Implementation of employment legislation

• Employment and labour market policy coordination

• Employment service and employment support projects and programmes

• Employment registration and information

1

• Development of TVET institution and NCVET,operations of the fund

• NQF, concept and standard

• Quality assurance and labour market

• Human and institutional development, socialpartnership

2

• Legislation and agreement on workforce migration

• Regulation on employment of foreign workers

• Regulation on labour export within the framework ofemployment contract and practical training

3

Employment Policy Implementation and Coordination

HEBZ.pptx

MBS.pptx

AHA.pptx

HEBZ.pptx

MBS.pptx

AHA.pptx

36

Index2014-

2015

2015-

2016

2016-

2017

1. Total TVET institution: 76 81 91

1а. From this: State owned 52 49 50

Private 24 32 41

2. Total student 42797 42675 40134

From this: female 18252 17286 15900

2b. Students of state owned TVET institution 32896 31572 29145

2c. Students of private TVET institution 9901 11103 10989

3. New entrants 20804 20961 18024

From this: female 8445 8214 6877

4. Total worker 4409 4520 4703

5. Permanent teacher 2327 2504 2500

TVET Data /As of January 2017/

Legislative renewal

2002 first endorsed

2009.02.13 revised

2012.08.17 amendment



Assessment center established.

TVET institutions were given opportunity to conduct income generating activities, expend

the funds and report.

Opportunity to study in institutes and universities based on transfer of credit hours and

content of technical education program.

The Government to endorse NCVET composition, structure and bylaws.

Enterprises with more than 50 staff members must have a trainer responsible to organize

and manage the practical training of students.


Some of provisions added in 2016:

NATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK

Establish a system that employs and provides with career growth and wage depending on education

and qualifications level of a citizen.Li

fe lo

ng

em

plo

yme

nt

Life long learning

Vocational training,

general education

Vocational

Education

Technical

Education

Higher

Education

International

standards

Career Coulcilling

Occupation

Engineer,

Technician level

base

Engineer,

Bachelor,

Master

Knowledge and

research

development

As

sis

ta

nt

Ex

ec

uti

ve

Ma

na

ge

me

nt

MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND

SOCIAL PROTECTION

• Diversification of TVET institutions based on Mongolia'sRegional Development Strategy

ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN WITHIN THE POLICY AND

OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK

•TVET image and public awareness raising by expanding

collaboration with employers

•Continue the accreditation of TVET institutions by National

Council For Education Accreditation

• Determine the first cost of each type of training/trade and create flexiblefinancing mechanism.

ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN WITHIN THE POLICY AND OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK

• Prepare professional workers that meet the requirments of

employers. Organizing practical training at industry environment to

verify the theoretical knowledge that was obtained at TVET institution

by.

• In collaboration with employers the TVET institutions to conduct

independent assessment of graduates, define skills level based in

performance indicators, and establish quality assurance system

of TVET.

• Develop CBT curricula including a concept ensuring the successionof Vocational Training, Vocational Education and Technical Educationin coherence with NQF.

• Develop VET standards based on performance indicators, ‘’detailedoccupational standards’’ developed for each qualifications level byemployers.

• Credit hour transfer between technical education and highereducation concepts and provide with possibility for multilevellearning in coherence with the NQF.

ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN WITHIN THE POLICY AND

OPERATIONAL FRAMEWORK

About WorldSkillsCompetition

• WorldSkills Competition is managed and organized by WorldSkills International with a membership of 76 countries. It’s an international organization in TVET sector, providing opportunities to share experience, compare and define the level of industry professions quality standards.

• The WSC is a world level Olympics of skills, defining the vocational education and training quality of countries.

2014

2015

2016

2017Preparing for WorldSkills UAE, Abu Dhabi 2017 to compete

in following 5 trades:

• Welding

• Electrician

• Plumbing

• Bricklaying

• Carpenter

‘’Mongolian Skills Competition’’, first phase of each trade

competition organized =

The first Mongolian team competed in 9 trade competitions in WSC,

Brazil

Mongolia joined as the 69th member, ‘’Mongolian Skills Competition’’ was

organized in different trades=

=

=

Mongolian Skills Competition

Within the framework of the Mongolian teams’preparation to successfully participate in the WSC,the Ministry of Labour jointly with thedevelopment partners implementing projects andprogrammes in TVET sector, professionalassociations and TVET institutions organized the‘’Mongolian Skills Competition’’ as tradiona in 3phases in year 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016 andselected the best students and expert teachers.Hence the winners and expert teachers weregranted with the right to compete in the WSC.

WorldSkills 2015 San Paulo• For the first time the Mongolian team participated in WSC in 2015 and competed in the following

trades:

1. Bricklaying

2. Tiling

3. Joinery

4. Hairdresser

5. Beauty therapy

6. CNC turning

7. Welding

8. Electrician

9. Cook

The Government of Mongolia, large enterprises, development partners implementing projects and programmes in labour sector collaborated to provide with operational and financial support.

The Government of Mongolia, Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ), Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) and Oyu Tolgoi LLC each provided with funds to conduct practical training, purchase necessary tool and equipment and cover participation costs.

WorldSkills 2017 Abu Dhabi and Mongolian Skills Competition

WorldSkills 2017 Abu Dhabi

• WSC will take place in October 2017 in capital city of UAE, Abu Dhabi

• 76 countries of the world will compete in more than 50 trade competitions

Mongolian Skills Competition-2017

• Mongolian team plans to compete in following 5 trades: 1. Welding

2. Joinery

3. Plumbing

4. Electrician

5. Bricklaying.

Thank you for your attention!

46

THE POLICY OF PREPARING SKILLED WORKERS IN MONGOLIA … · Урлаг, үзвэр, тоглоом...

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