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PUBLICATIONS AVAILABLE FROM THE FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETYTITLE PRICE

PALACHE, Charles (1935) The Minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, SussexCounty, New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey Professional PaperNo. 180. Soft back edition, FOMS reprint 1974 $10.00

FRONDEL, Clifford and BAUM, John L. (1974) Structure and Mineralogy of theFranklin Zinc-Iron-Manganese Deposit, New Jersey. Economic Geology.Only photocopies are available $ 2.50

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TABLEJournal of the Franklin-Ogdensburg

Mineralogical Society, Inc.Volume 31, No. 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Breithauptite from the nickel-arsenide assemblage at Franklin, New Jerseyby Earl R. Verbeek and Hoyt B. Sutphin

Calcsilicates from the 1680 level of the Sterling mineby Fred J. Parker

Manganpyrosmalite crystals from Ogdensburg, New Jerseyby Fred J. Parker and Russell E. Guy

Harvard Corner: The "drill-hole" franklinite

From the Editor's Desk

by F.W. Miller

by Omer S. Dean

Peripherals: Part 1. Improved photomicrographyby Dr. Al Standfast

Part 2. Wollastonite and Dr. Wollastonby Dr. Al Standfast

The Franklin-Sterling Hill area mineral species list (12/31/89)

The Sterling Hill Mining Company

Mineral Notes — New to Science SclariteMineral Notes — Research Reports

Tourmaline; Sonolite & Jerrygibbsite; RutileBaumite discreditedFranklin-gahnite exsolution intergrowths (Editor's omission noted)

F.O.M.S. Spring Activity Schedule* * * * * * * * * * *

FMM Curator's Message

The Franklin Mineral Museum may be closed tothe public for the winter, but work goes onnevertheless. A new roof is being constructedabove the main building to relieve the weightof possible heavy snowfalls, which has been acause of concern. Negotiations to transferplantsite material to the Buckwheat Dump areheld up by the State. The owners are willing.An exchange exhibit will be on view at Rutgers-New Brunswick starting in January and treasuresof the Rowe collection will be in Franklin fora year. An architect has been engaged to designa suitable hall to display the Wilfred Welsh col-lection of worldwide minerals and fossils. It isexpected that construction can take place duringthe current year.

John L. Baum

The Picking Table, Spring 1990

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24** * * * * *

About the Cover Photos

About the Cover SEM Photos

Willemite from Franklin, New Jersey, in a veryuncommon habit. The specimen is one of etchedand recrystallized zincite, upon which are these"bow-tie" bundles of willemite crystals. Indi-vidual crystals have a triangular cross-section.The field of view is a maximum of 300 micronsfor the isolated cluster, and 200 microns for theindividual cluster.


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BREITHAUPTITE FROM THE NICKEL-ARSENIDEASSEMBLAGE AT FRANKLIN, NEW JERSEY

Earl R. Verbeek and Hoyt B. SutphinU.S. Geological Survey

Box 25046, Federal CenterDenver, CO 80225

INTRODUCTIONBreithauptite, NiSb, was discovered recently dur-ing petrographic examination of two specimensfrom the nickel-arsenide assemblage at Franklin,New Jersey. The mineral previously wasunknown from the locality and occurs as micro-scopic blebs with pararammelsbergite in areaswhere both minerals have replaced antimoniannickeline.

The nickel-arsenide minerals at Franklin wererecovered from a single pocket in the late 1880sduring the sinking of the Trotter shaft, belowa mass of andradite at a depth of about 340 feet(Koenig, 1889). The amount of material in placewas said to total several hundred pounds(Palache, 1935, p. 29), of which an unknown por-tion was recovered and preserved as specimens.Nickeline (NiAs) and rammelsbergite (NiAs2) arethe principal minerals of the assemblage, butthe cobalt minerals safflorite (CoAs2) andskutterudite (CoAs2-3) are present also (Oen etal, 1984). The presence of nickel and cobaltminerals in such concentration at Franklin wasunusual in that both elements are but trace con-stituents of the Zn-Mn-Fe orebody and, beyondthis one occurrence, are essential to few of itsminerals. Antimony, too, is represented by fewspecies at Franklin; the discovery of breithaupt-ite brings the total number to six, along withberthierite, cuprostibite, romeite, yeatmanite,and zinkenite.

DESCRIPTIONThe specimens containing breithauptite are pol-ished, cross-sectional slices about 10 x 7 cm inarea through a dendritic mass of arsenides whoseindividual branches diverge upward and termin-ate in rounded protrusions embedded in coarse-grained calcite-fluorite gangue. The dendritesshow a consistent outward zonation from nickel-ine at the base to the "white arsenides" para-rammelsbergite, rammelsbergite, safflorite,skutterudite, and lollingite toward the tips. Thebreithauptite occurs within a narrow zone bor-dering nickeline and forms anhedral microscopicblebs, most less than 0.1 mm in maximum dimen-sion, that are either embedded in pararammels-bergite or distributed along the contact of thatmineral with nickeline.

Attention was first called to the breithauptiteby its strong and distinctive pink to violet reflec-tion pleochroism and, under crossed polars, itsvery strong to extreme anisotropism; these prop-erties alone are sufficient to identify the miner-al. Attempts to free a pure grain for X-raystudy were unsuccessful due to the microscopicgrain size of the mineral, and chemical data arenot yet available because the U.S. GeologicalSurvey microprobe remained nonfunctional dur-ing the course of our study. Nevertheless, theoptical properties of breithauptite are so distinc-tive that "it can only be confused with niccolite"[nickeline] (Ramdohr, 1980, p. 625). Such con-fusion is precluded in the present instance bythe occurrence of the two minerals side by side.Relative to nickeline the associated breithaupt-ite shows stronger reflection pleochroism, moreintense anisotropism, and a deep pink to violetrather than a coppery color.

TEXTURAL RELATIONS AND ORIGINReplacement and growth textures among thevarious minerals of the nickel-arsenide assem-blage at Franklin were described at length byOen et al (1984). To their information we appendhere only those observations specific to the oc-currence of breithauptite.

Breithauptite in the samples studied is confinedto the transition zone between nickeline and the"white arsenides", specifically to those areaswhere the original nickeline has been replacedby pararammelsbergite. Textural evidence forreplacement includes corrosion of nickeline alongits contact with the overlying pararammelsberg-ite and the presence within the pararammels-bergite of small, residual masses of nickelinein varying stages of preservation. Single grainsof copper-colored nickeline partly altered towhite pararammelsbergite are common withinthis zone. Elsewhere, where the overlying min-eral is instead rammelsbergite, the nickeline isin sharply formed, euhedral crystals showing noevidence of reaction along their upper surfaces.

Breithauptite in the replacement zone occursin minor amounts (<1%) in two associations. Thefirst and most common is as nearly equant, clus-tered droplets and blebs 0.04 mm or less in di-



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ameter, embedded in pararammelsbergite. Thesecond is as isolated grains along the nickeline-pararammelsbergite contact, where the breit-hauptite forms elongated blebs as much as 0.11mm in length with their long dimensions com-monly parallel to the contact. Nowhere wasbreithauptite observed to be wholly enclosed bynickeline, nor was it anywhere observed not incontact with pararammelsbergite. These obser-vations suggest that breithauptite, along withmuch of the pararammelsbergite, formed as areplacement product of the nickeline duringgrowth of the dendrites. The microprobe dataof Oen et al (1984) show the Franklin nickelineto contain 1.9-2.6% Sb, and so the occurrenceof breithauptite in the replacement assemblageis not surprising.

ASSOCIATED MINERALSOnly brief descriptions of associated mineralsare given below, pending examination of addi-tional specimens. Species marked with an aster-isk (*) have been confirmed by X-ray cameramethods.

Arsenides and Sulfides

Gersdorffite, NiAsS: Identification tentative.Occurs along the fringes of the dendrites assmall, isotropic cubes showing cubic cleavage.Reported also by Holmes (1945) and by Oen etal (1984) from other specimens as narrow growthlayers from the interiors of the dendrites.Lollingite, FeAs2: Occurs along the outermostparts of the dendrites as a crust, typically overrammelsbergite, of elongated, tin-white grainsprojecting into the calcite gangue. Identifiedin other samples as nickeloan lollingite by Oenet al (1984) from microprobe data. Analogousmaterial from our sample, however, gave forsome grains an X-ray pattern matching that ofsafflorite, (Co,Fe)As2. The two minerals aredifficult to distinguish on the basis of opticalproperties. Probably both are present.Nickeline, NiAs: Abundant as anhedral, granularaggregates in the basal parts of the dendriticmass; decreases in abundance upward in thegrowth direction of the dendrite lobes. Copperyred in color and thereby readily distinguishedfrom the other arsenide minerals.*Pararammelsbergite, NiAs2: A replacementproduct of nickeline. Occurs as white,untwinned, equigranular aggregates intergrownwith sparse, minute grains of breithauptite with-in the replacement zone between earlier nickel-ine and later, overlying rammelsbergite.*Rammelsbergite, NiAs2t Second in abundanceafter nickeline in the dendrites. Rims para-rammelsbergite and nickeline in the lower partof the dendritic mass and forms the cores of den-

drite lobes in the upper part. Strongly resemblespararammelsbergite but shows several orienta-tions of polysynthetic twin lamellae.*Safflorite, (Co,Fe)As2: See lollingite for de-scription. Occurs in outermost parts of den-drites; grayer in reflected light than underly-ing rammelsbergite and pararammelsbergite.*Skutterudite, (Co,Ni)As2_3: Occurs locallyalong dendrite tips as a thin crust on rammels-bergite and also as small (0.9 mm) euhedral crys-tals embedded in calcite. White, but slightlydarker than adjacent rammelsbergite, and iso-tropic.Sphalerite, (Zn,Fe)S: Occurs as small (0.4 mmdiameter), gray, translucent, anhedral grainseither intergrown with the arsenides near thedendrite tips or embedded in calcite nearby.Unknown mineral: Opaque; bluish gray in polish-ed section; isotropic; estimated reflectivityabout 30%. Rare; occurs as tiny grains <0.01mm in maximum dimension within the pararam-melsbergite replacement zone. Chemical dataneeded to establish identity with confidence;possibilities consistent with the limited opticaldata include tennantite, tetrahedrite, and vaes-ite, the latter two so far unknown from Franklin.

Oxides

Hematite, Fe2O3: Occurs in minute amountsas steel-gray masses intergrown with magnetite,along the contact between magnetite and thearsenide dendrites.Magnetite, Fe3O4: Forms black grains 1.0-1.5cm across, embedded in calcite near the den-drites and locally in contact with them.

Gangue minerals

Calcite, CaCO3: The most abundant of thegangue minerals enclosing the arsenide dendrites.Coarse-grained, white to pale gray masses.Fluorite, CaF2: Occurs as coarse-grained massesseveral centimeters across. Color variable, fromviolet to pale brownish yellow.

Secondary weathering products

"Pimelite", (Ni,Mg)3Si4O10(OH)2: Not analyzed,but probably is the major component of the fine-grained secondary green material that lines grainboundaries and fracture surfaces in the calcite-fluorite gangue. Identified by Faust (1966) asthe principle constituent of the material earlierdescribed as desaulesite by Koenig (1889). Men-tioned also by Oen et al (1984).

DISCUSSIONThe nickel-arsenide assemblage at Franklin, dis-covered in the late 1880s, remains unique among



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the area's mineral occurrences to this day. De-spite—or perhaps because of—its highly abnormalnature, it was studied only infrequently afterits initial description by Koenig (1889). Nickel-ine was recognized early by virtue of its distinc-tive coppery color, but the associated white ar-senides for decades thereafter were thought tobe a single mineral, chloanthite, with idealizedcomposition NiAs2- The listings by Dana (1892)and Kemp (1893) of rammelsbergite and smaltite(=skutterudite) among the minerals of theFranklin deposit provided some early suggestionof mineralogic complexity in this assemblage,but these were regarded by Palache (1935) asprobable mistakes for chloanthite until the X-raydiffraction work of Holmes (1935, 1945) provedotherwise. Decades more passed until the publi-cation of a detailed account of the textural rela-tions and chemical composition of the variousminerals of this interesting assemblage (Oen etal, 1984); it was at this time that the presenceof antimony in more than trace amounts wasdocumented.

That breithauptite remained unnoticed for 100years following the discovery of nickel mineralsat the Trotter mine doubtless is attributable toits microscopic grain size, restricted distributionin a narrow replacement zone, and its presencein no more than accessory amounts. It cannotbe seen with a hand lens, nor is it readily viewedwith low-magnification stereoscopic micro-scopes; magnifications of >150x with an oremicroscope and a polished section are requiredfor effective study. To date we have verifiedthe presence of breithauptite in two specimensand strongly suspect its presence in a third. The

,pr

, b

prpr

IP

Figure 1. Anhedral grains of breithauptite (b,medium gray) in contact with nickeline (n, palegray) and pararammelsbergite (pr, white). Longdimension of largest breithauptite grain is 0.10mm. Black areas are pits in polished surface.

* ••*."•Of;, .-ss:

pr

pr

I

Figure 2. Irregular grains of breithauptite em-bedded in pararammelsbergite (left side of photo)and locally in contact with nickeline (right sideof photo). Small masses of unreplaced nickelinesurrounded by pararammelsbergite appear in up-per right. Symbols as in Figure 1. Narrow linescrossing photo are polishing scratches. Widthof horizontal field of view is 0.14 mm.

specimens described here are #LA275 from thecollection, now dispersed, of Lee Areson and#226 in the collection of Richard Hauck ofBloomfield, New Jersey. A third specimen, notexamined by us but which probably also containsbreithauptite, was illustrated in the Spring/Fallissue of The Picking Table, 26, page 15 (1985),and is housed at Harvard University undercatalog #117576. All three specimens so nearlymatch in details of dendrite form and matrixtexture that they obviously derive from the samelarge mass, separated only by the width of a sawcut.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSThe assistance of Richard Hauck in providingmaterial for study is much appreciated. We ac-knowledge also the helpful comments of PeterJ. Modreski, Pete J. Dunn, and James C. Cole.

REFERENCES CITEDDANA, E.S. (1892) The System of Mineralogyof James Dwight Dana, 6th Edition. McGrawHill, New York.FAUST, G.T. (1966) The hydrous nickel-magnesium silicates—the garnierite group. Amer.Min., 51, #s 3 & 4, 279-298.HOLMES, R.J. (1935) X-ray study of arsenidesand antimonides of nickel and cobalt [abs].Amer. Min., 20, #3, 198.HOLMES, R.J. (1945) White arsenides of nickeland cobalt occurring at Franklin, New Jerseytabs]. GeoL Soc. Amer. Bull, 54, #12, part 2,1168.



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KEMP, J.F. (1893) The ore deposits at FranklinFurnace and Ogdensburg, N.J. New YorkAcademy of Science Transactions, 13, 76-96.KOENIG, G.A. (1889) Chloanthite, nicolite, deSaulesite, annabergite, tephrowillemite, fluor-ite, and aquatite [sic; = apatite] from Franklin,N.J. Proceedings of the Academy of NaturalSciences of Philadelphia, 41, 184-187.PALACHE, C. (1935) The minerals of Franklinand Sterling Hill, Sussex County, New Jersey.

U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 180,135 pages.OEN, I.S., DUNN, P.J., and KIEFT, C. (1984)The nickel-arsenide assemblage from Franklin,New Jersey—description and interpretation,Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Abhandlungen,150, #3, 259-272.RAMDOHR, P. (1980) The ore minerals and theirintergrowths. Pergamon Press, New York, 1207pages.

CALCSILICATES FROM THE 1680 LEVELOF THE STERLING MINE

Fred J. ParkerP.O. Box 1355,

Columbia, MD 21044

Early in the summer of 1977, the author observedsome interesting calcsilicate specimens fromSterling Hill which included grossular, vesuvian-ite, wollastonite, and violet-red apatite. Themajority of the specimens were collected bythe mine geologist, Bob Svecz, at the 1680 levelof the Sterling Mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey.The author recalls no more than two dozen speci-mens having been recovered.

The assemblage is in white calcite which givesno discernible response under ultraviolet radi-ation. Tan grossular is abundantly dispersedthroughout the calcite as grains and masses toabout 1cm. Scattered throughout the matrixare grains and cleavage masses of green tobluish-green diopside. Finally, variable amountsof vesuvianite, graphite, apophyllite, fluorapa-tite, and wollastonite occur in some specimens.Identity of all species was made by X-ray powderdiffraction (CuKcc radiation) using publishedJCPDS data for comparison. Descriptions ofthe interesting accessory minerals are givenbelow:

Apophyllite (fluorapophyllite?)KCa4Si8O2o(F,OH>8H2O : druses of pearly-

white platy crystals to 1mm liberally coatingshallow solution cavities (uncommon).

crude crystals to 1cm (uncommon).

GraphiteC : gray flakes and platy masses scattered

in calcite (common).

Vesuvianitebrownish-

yellow grains and anhedral crystals to about3mm scattered throughout calcite (moderatelycommon).

Wollastonite

FluorapatiteCa5(P04)3F

: small white masses scattered incalcite-grossular. Although generally uninter-esting, one or two notable specimens consistingof prolific silky white cleavable masses to 5cmin calcite were recovered. The wollastonitefluoresces an attractive light orange under short-wave, and very pale yellow under longwave,ultraviolet radiation.

The described calcsilicate assemblage is consist-ent with a metamorphic origin. All mineralswere previously known from the Franklin mines.To the author's knowledge, this is the only knownoccurrence of vesuvianite from Sterling Hill.It is also the source of several excellent wollas-tonite and apophyllite specimens from thisunique deposit.

dull violet-red masses and



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MANGANPYROSMALITE CRYSTALS FROMOGDENSBURG, NEW JERSEY

Fred J. ParkerP.O. Box 1355

Columbia, MD 21044

Russell E. GuyP.O. Box 1992

Burlington, NC 27216

AbstractCrystals of manganpyrosmalite are documentedfor the first time from the zinc-manganese de-posits of Ogdensburg, New Jersey. They occuralong the periphery of a sphalerite pod withinthe orebody of the Sterling Mine. Electronmicroprobe analysis showed the crystals to bean intermediate composition of the pyrosmaliteseries, averaging FeO=20.87 wt% and MnO=30.77wt%. Indices of refraction were determinedto be u)=l.680(2) and e=l.647(2), and Dmeas=3.13.Unit cell dimensions were determined to be a=13.39(1)1 and c=7.13(l)A.

IntroductionManganpyrosmalite, (Mn,Fe+2)8Si6Oi5(OH,Cl)io>is a member of the pyrosmalite group whichalso includes ferropyrosmalite (Fe+2,Mn)gSigO;[5(C1,OH)10, schallerite (Mn+2,Fe+2)oSi6As(O,OH,Cl)26, nelenite (Mn,Fe+2)16Si12As3^3O36(OH)17,friedelite Mn8Si6015(OH,Cl)10, and mcGillite(Mn,Fe+2)8Si6Oi5(OH)8Cl2. All members havelayered structures with stacking variations alongthe c-axis direction. McGillite shows consider-able stacking disorder and a high chlorine con-tent (6.36 wt%) Donnay et al. (1980). Schalleritecontains significant As+3 in substitution forsilicon which has not been noted in other mem-bers of the pyrosmalite group except for nelen-ite. In general, all the minerals contain Mn+2

and/or Fe+2 as the major cation, and OH andCl in varying amounts. Donnay et al. (1980)provides an excellent summary of the chemicalanalyses and crystal data of the pyrosmalitegroup minerals.

The pyrosmalite series is divided into two mem-bers, ferropyrosmalite (Fe > Mn) and mangan-pyrosmalite (Mn > Fe) (Frondel and Bauer, 1953;Vaughan, 1986). Many recent authors have notadopted the usage of the name manganpyrosmal-ite even though their compositions had Mn >Fe. Consequently it appears from the literaturethat pyrosmalite (ferropyrosmalite) is commonwith respect to manganpyrosmalite when, infact, the opposite is true.

The pyrosmalite series is most frequently found

in metamorphosed-metasomatised Fe-Mn de-posits associated with sulfides. An exceptionis found at Nant Francon, North Wales, wherepyrosmalite occurs in an iron-rich slate in con-tact with an intrusive rhyolite (Brown, 1959).A search of the literature revealed that theMn/(Mn + Fe) ratios of the pyrosmalite seriesrange from 0.413 to 0.850.

In 1980, one of the authors (FJP) identified crys-tals of a member of the pyrosmalite series byX-ray powder diffraction in a sample suppliedby Mr. Ewald Gerstmann of Franklin, NewJersey. Because the powder patterns of theminerals ferropyrosmalite and manganpyrosmal-ite are very similar, the crystals were analysedby electron microprobe techniques and the opti-cal properties determined in order to ascertaintheir true identity. It was determined the crys-tals were manganpyrosmalite. This is the firstoccurrence of euhedral manganpyrosmalite atthe Sterling Mine, and they are significantlydifferent in composition from the originalSterling Mine occurrence of massive mangan-pyrosmalite described by Frondel and Bauer(1953). This is shown in Table I.

OccurrenceThe manganpyrosmalite crystals occurred onthe 1400 level of the Sterling Mine in an areadesignated as the hanging wall drift. The crys-tals were found along a pod, approximately 25cmin diameter, of dark gray sphalerite in a wallof white calcite. The red fluorescence of thecalcite gangue under shortwave ultraviolet radi-ation, which is seen only in or near the orebodywhere the manganese activator is present, lo-cates the pod within the orebody proper eventhough no ore minerals were in association. Thedark sphalerite veins at the Sterling Mine arethought to be hydrothermal in origin. Althoughtheir exact age is not known, these veinspostdate the ore minerals, franklinite and wil-lemite.

Because of limited exposure by mining opera-tions, less than a dozen specimens and somemicromounts were recovered. Calcite covering

6 The Picking Table, Spring 1990


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Table I. Microprobe Analyses of Sterling Mine Manganpyrosmallte Crystals.

Si02

FeO

MnO

ZnO*1

MgO

CaO

H20*2

Ci

E

OH-C1

s

1

34,41

21.97

31.34

0.91

0.33

0.20

7.62

378

10056

-0.85

99.71

2

34.83

20.65

3 1 .27

0.91

0.38

0.19

7.50

426

99.99

-0.96

9903

3

34 14

21,27

29.54

0.91

0.36

0.19

760

3,86

97,87

-0,87

9700

4

34.98

19.58

30.94

0.91

0.38

0.20

7.40

4.62

99.01

-1,04

97.97

Average* 3

34.59

20.87

30.77

091

0.36

0.19

7,53

4.13

99.35

-0.93

98,42

Frondel andBauer (1953)

34.13

12.43

39.09

1 94

0.74

nil

8.18

3.80

*4100 44

-0,86

99.58

* 1, Average from wet chemical analysis.*2. Calculated based upon s (OH + CD = 10.*3. Formula from average:

(Mn4.57Fe3.06Zno,12Mgo,09Cao,03)Si6.060l4.98(OH8.08Cll.22)*4 Includes 0.135? AS205.

,-,5'

:,!

I

Figure 1. Euhedral manganpyrosmalite crystalfrom the 1400 level, Sterling Mine, Ogdensburg,New Jersey, showing an unusual bevelled termin-ation,100X. SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope)photograph by Robert Honeycutt.



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the manganpyrosmalite crystals was removedby an aqueous solution of 5% hydrochloric acid.The crystals were found either in the sphalerite,or along its periphery in the calcsilicate rims.In the latter case, they are set on either crustsof tiny sphalerite tetrahedra or green diopsidedruses with bladed calcium-magnesium amphi-boles.

Physical propertiesThe manganpyrosmalite crystals usually consistof simple hexagonal prisms in combination withthe basal pinacoid, and rarely exceed 2mm inlength. They are transparent, and pink to orangein color. There was no observable response underultraviolet radiation. A few crystals were ob-served to contain minute black inclusions ofan unidentified mineral. Density was determinedusing the Berman Balance to be 3.13 gr/cm^.Lattice cell parameters were determined byprecession camera methods to be a = 13.39(1)and c = 7.13(1) A. A photograph of a crystalis found in Figure 1.

The indices of refraction were measured employ-ing a tungsten filament light source at 22°Cwith a quartz wedge monochromatizer andSupper spindle stage. The oils were recalibratedprior to measurement. The indices were: e =1.647+0.002 and co = 1.680+0.002.

The range of values for the pyrosmalite seriesin the literature for e is 1.631 to 1.650, whileGO varied from 1.662 to 1.682. The values in thisstudy fall toward the higher end of these ranges,but are similar to those given by Winchell (1951)and by Stillwell and McAndrew (1957).

The Gladstone-Dale relationship was calculatedfor the average analysis obtained in this work.Using the k values of Mandarine (1976), Kc andKp were determined to be 0.219 and 0.210, re-spectively. 1 - (Kp/Kc) gave a value of 0.041,indicating good agreement between the chemicaland physical data.

ChemistryThe manganpyrosmalite crystals from theSterling Mine were analysed using a nine -spectrometer ARL-SEQM automated electronmicroprobe operating at 15kV with a beam cur-rent of 15 milliamps. Standards for the majorelements were Tiburon albite for silicon, nor-bergite for magnesium, synthetic Ba-chlorapatitefor calcium, Marjalahti forsterite for iron, andsynthetic tephroite for manganese. In addition,the elements aluminum, potassium, sodium,chromium, titanium, barium, fluorine, sulphur,phosphorus, and strontium were analysed for,

but were either not present or present ininsignificant amounts. Arsenic was analysedfor semi-quantitatively, but was not present.The microprobe data were calculated on a basisof 25 (O,OH,C1). The data were corrected bycomputer using the procedure of Bence andAlbee (1968). Zinc was determined by GalbraithLaboratories, Knoxville, Tennessee, using wetchemical methods. Hydroxyl was calculatedfrom the observed analyses assuming I (OH+C1)=10.

Microprobe analyses of four points on the man-ganpyrosmalite crystals are given in Table 1.There was no aluminum or arsenic substitutingfor silicon, and no fluorine in place of chlorine.A line-scanning analysis on one crystal confirmedcompositional homogeneity within that crystal.Mn/(Mn + Fe) varied between 0.580 and 0.612.The Sterling Mine crystals are an intermediatecompositional member of the pyrosmalite series.With Mn > Fe, they are manganpyrosmalite.From the average analysis, the formula

(Mn4.57 Fe3>06Zno.i2Mg0.09Ca0.03)si6.06O14.98(OH8.80C11.22.)

was derived, which is in good agreement withthe accepted formula. The observed M:Si ratiowas 1.30 compared with the ideal value of 1.33.The low observed value may result from a lowzinc analysis caused by a lack of adequatesample for analysis.

AcknowledgmentsThe authors wish to thank Mickey Gunter andTodd Solberg for their technical assistance. Wealso thank Dr. John Speer and Dr. Carl A.Francis for a critical reading of the originalmanuscript and their many helpful suggestions.

ReferencesBENCE, A.E. and ALBEE, A.L. (1968): Empiricalcorrection factors for the electron microanalysisof silicates and oxides, J. Geol., 76, 382-402.BROWN, P.E. (1959): Pyrosmalite from NantFrancon, North Wales, Min. Mag., 32, 242-244.DANA, E.S. (1920): The System of Mineralogy,Sixth Edition, 465.DOELTER, C. (1914): Handlouch der Mineralchemie, Bard II, 150-151.DONNAY, G., BETOURNAY, M., and HAMILL,G. (1980): McGillite, a new manganous hydroxy-chlorosilicate, Can. Min., 18, Part I, 31-36.FRONDEL, C. and BAUER, L.H. (1953): Mangan-pyrosmalite and its polymorphic relation tofriedelite and schallerite, Am. Min., 38, 755-760.HUTTON, C.O. (1956): Manganpyrosmalite,bustamite, and ferroan johannsenite from BrokenHill, New South Wales, Australia, Am. Min.,41, 581-591.



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KAYUPOVA, M.M. (1964): Pyrosmalite fromthe Dzhumart and Ushkatyn deposits in CentralKazakhstan, (abstract), Dokl. Akad. Nauk S.S.fi.,159, 3, 560-563.MANDARINO, J.A. (1976): The Gladstone-Dalerelationship: Part I: Derivation of new constants,Can. Mtn., 14, 498-502.STILLWELL, F.L. and McANDREW, J. (1957):Pyrosmalite in the Broken Hill lode, New SouthWales, Min. Mag., 31, 371-380.VAUGHAN, J.P. (1986): Ferropyrosmalite and

nomenclature in the pyrosmalite series, Min.Mag., 50, 527-531.WATANABE, T. and KATO, A. (1957): A newoccurrence of pyrosmalite in the KyurazawaMine, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, Min. Jour.,2(3), 180-186.WATANABE, T., KATO, A. and ITO, J. (1961):Manganpyrosmalite from Kyurazawa Mine,Tochigi Prefecture, Min. Jour., 3, 130-138.WINCHELL, A.N. (1951): Elements of OpticalMineralogy, Part II, 4th Edition, 359-360.

THE "DRILL-HOLE" FRANKLINITE

F.W. Miller173 Willow Avenue

Somerville, MA 02144

In the extensive collection of Franklin-SterlingHill mineral specimens at Harvard University,there are few that have the curiosity value ofHU-119692, the "drill-hole" franklinite. Thisunusual specimen consists of a group of franklin-ite octahedrons, slightly modified by the dodeca-hedron, the largest measuring about four incheson the side. These crystals are perched on a ma-trix composed of white calcite, red willemite,and grains of franklinite. The specimen meas-ures 8 x 6 x 5 inches. At top center of the speci-men are two franklinites, the larger one moreor less in the center, while the smaller one sitsto its left. Both are partially pierced by the drillhole which passes horizontally through the leftside of the larger, and through the body of thesmaller crystal. At the bottom side of the hori-zontal hole, the contact of the two crystals isrevealed where they crystallized in the creamywhite calcite. Figure 1 is a rough plan drawingof the two crystals depicting their juxtaposition.

The specimen sits in a large wall cabinet justbelow eye-level, making the drill hole immedi-ately apparent to the viewer. Visitors are usual-ly delighted to see such an anomaly as thismuseum-class specimen with a hole in it. Thosefamiliar with rocks, minerals, and mining oper-ations are usually mystified. How did such aspecimen ever survive the drilling, the impactof the blast, the crush of the falling ore, or thescrabbling of recovery?

The story begins in 1976 when Jim Kaufmannof Jim's Gems acquired the piece from a miner

named Bill Bihn. Reportedly, Bihn had foundthe piece stashed away near one of the stationsclose by the shaft. As a cageman, he had accessto all the levels down to 1850'. Who had put itaside? Where had it been originally stashed?It may have, like some especially unusual speci-mens, passed through the hands of several minerswho, one after the another, had found it in onesecret cache and re-stashed it in another forlater recovery, only to find it gone when thetime came to 'liberate' it. In any case, Bihn gotthe specimen to Jim Kaufmann, and Kaufmannsold it to the Harvard Mineralogical Museumwhere it now resides.

The author, at the behest of Carl Francis, under-took to track the specimen's history as best itcould be established. After some futile exerciseswith telephone and letter, the writer was fortu-nate enough to find that Richard C. Bostwickknew something about its history. Bostwickgenerously offered to do a little more researchon the question to fill in some of the blanks. Hisefforts, together with his encyclopedic know-ledge of Franklin-Sterling Hill mineral occur-rences and associations, and area specimens(both usual and unusual), assured the best pos-sible answer would emerge.

The pertinent parts of the story are found inthese paragraphs taken from his letter to me:"Don Phister was (then) a section boss, in theMiddle Section. He thinks the specimen wasfound in mid-1976, in 1020 Stope four cuts belowthe 1300 Level. There were apparently several

The Picking Table, Spring 1990 9


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areas of coarsely crystallized calcite very richin large franklinite crystals. Don remembersthat one or more areas were hit every other cut(a cut = about 10') on the way up from 1400Level, and that every time they were found, allwork stopped for collecting. One of the franklin-ite 'patches' he remembers was at least 4' x 6'in size. He also remembers barring down a crys-tal 3': on an edge and selling it (later). Perhapsa more vivid memory is that of missing one onthe underside of a chunk which he threw to BillJennings, one of the miners in the stope; Donsaw the crystal as the chunk left his hand. Thatspecimen, which might be called the 'Hey, Bill,check this out ...oops!' specimen, is now in thePinch Collection."

Figure 1. The "drill-hole" franklinite specimenas seen from above. Not to scale. Hand sketchby F.W. Miller.

Bostwick, at another point says "Don did not seethe Drill Hole (specimen) at the time, nor is hesure exactly where it came from in the stope."

So we are left with a bit of unknown — with thepresumably explosive-packed drill hole rightthrough it, how could this specimen havesurvived? Bostwick goes on to look at the possi-ble reasons: "The reason given for the survivalof the piece was that the rock containing it

broke loose while a round was being fired in thestope but before the firing sequence had reachedTHAT hole, and that it was found on the top ofthe muck pile when the miners went back in tosee what the blast had done and wash down themuck to quell the fumes from the blasting. Theexplosive they were using was a mixture of am-monium nitrate with fuel oil. (It is also possiblethat the drill hole had been made to hold a roofbolt, in which case there never would have beenany explosive in the hole.)"

I wanted to talk to the man who was on the scenewhen the specimen might have been found. Icalled Don Phister (as Bostwick had suggested)and Don reiterated essentially what he had toldto Bostwick. However, it gave me the opportun-ity to get some more background and I'm a glut-ton for background!

Don had worked in the Ogdensburg mine for sometime before becoming the section boss. In thistime, he had often been distressed to see goodspecimens hauled away when the section boss,unsympathetic to specimen retrieval, would notallow the men on his crew to rescue a piece ortwo. When Don became section boss, he allowedhis men a few minutes after each charge wasblown to check for specimen material. (Hemaintains he had a happier and more productivecrew as a result.) It was during this kind of in-terval or break to check out what the chargehad brought down that the scene, which he haddescribed to Bostwick, took place. More thanlikely, it was this kind of tableau — the menmoving into the smoky darkness of the stope,lights moving around the new interior space andthe muck pile, the hoses splashing water on new-ly exposed ore — in which someone spotted thefranklinite crystals. Probably there was amoment's hesitation when the miner realizedthat the crystals were less than perfect, and italmost was thrown back on the pile, but thestrangeness of the piece stopped the rejection,and better judgment dictated that it be saved.Probably we will never know — but we can havefun with the speculation.

THE BIGGEST BARGAIN AROUND IS MEMBERSHIPIN THE FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY!

Membership Dues: Individual—$10/year; Family—$15/yearMake checks payable to F.O.M.S. and mail to:

Mr. John Cianciulli, F.O.M.S. Treasurer,60 Alpine Road, Sussex, NJ 07461



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from the Editor's DeskOmer S. Dean

10 Bumble Bee LaneNorwalk, CT 06851

Needed: An Editor or two Co-EditorsThe next issue of this journal will be my last asyour Editor. FOMS needs a capable person orpersons to become familiar with the Editor'sfunction and the Society's equipment (currentor new) during the preparation of the next issue.Following publication of the next issue, theperson or persons will assume the role of Editoror Co-Editor as the case may be. I am willingto continue as a member of the Editorial Board.A smooth transition is in the best interests ofThe Picking Table and the Society. Interestedpersons should contact me at the address above.

A new column—"Peripherals"We have several columns now which appear ir-regularly in The Picldng Table. Examples are"Harvard Corner" and "Franklin Yesterdays".

In this issue a new column called "Peripherals"will debut. An appreciation of Franklin-SterlingHill and its minerals can be increased in numer-ous ways. Among these is knowing more aboutthe mineral world outside the Franklin area (byway of contrast), and more about peripheralactivities (hence, the name) of mineral collec-ting, which make it a meaningful whole. Theamount of space dedicated to this column mustbe kept small. View it as the "lighter" touch inan otherwise "somewhat heavy" and "insular"journal. This issue contains two brief articlesby Dr. Alfred Standfast. One deals with photo-micrography, the other is a biographical sketch.A possible future article deals with under-standing the use of Miller indices. Read, learn,and enjoy!

PERIPHERALSPART 1.

IMPROVED PHOTOMICROGRAPHY

Alfred L. Standfast, M.D.32 Oak Street

Binghamton, NY 13905

Frequently I'm asked questions about the equip-ment I use for photographing Franklin micros.The following are some of the salient points.

The objective lens is the essential element ofthe simple microscope. If it contains an irisdiaphram, marked improvement in the depthof field should result, along with a sharperimage. Various focal lengths are available(80mm, 50mm, 35mm, 20mm, etc.) and all havediaphrams. With a proper adapter, the objectivecan be mounted on an auto-bellows, the lengthof which can be varied more or less, about 16cm.

An ocular mounted on top of the bellows makesa compound microscope (Figure 1). For photomi-crography, different magnification photo-oculars(2.5X, 5x or greater) will vary the size of theimage. The assembly must be mounted on arigid, vertical stand.

A 35mm reflex camera without a lens may bemounted on a bellows above the compoundmicroscope assembly (Figure 2). Focusing isbest accomplished using a specimen holder thatcan be varied in height, rather than adjustingthe entire assembly. (Continued on page 20)



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THE FRANKLIN-STERLING HILL AREA MINERAL SPECIES LIST (12/31/89)

Key: Species followed by dates were first described from this area during the year indicated. Speciesin boldface type remain unique to the area. An asterisk indicates further confirmation is required.

AcanthiteActinoliteAdamiteAdeliteAegirineAkrochorditeAlbiteAllactiteAllanite-(Ce)AlleghanyiteAlmandineAnalcimeAnanditeAnataseAndraditeAnglesiteAnhydriteAnnabergiteAnorthiteAnorthoclaseAntleriteAragoniteArsenicArseniosideriteArsenopyriteAtacamiteAugiteAurichalciteAuroraiteAustiniteAzuriteBakeriteBannisterite -1968BariteBarium-pharmacosideriteBaryliteBarysiliteBassaniteBastnaesite-group mineralBaumhaueriteBementite -1887BerthieriteBiotiteBirnessiteBorniteBostwickite -1983BrandtiteBreithauptiteBrochantiteBrookiteBruciteBultfonteiniteBustamiteCahnite -1927Calcite

CanavesiteCarrolliteCaryopiliteCelestineCelsianCerussiteChabaziteChalcociteChalcophanite -1875ChalcopyriteChamositeCharlesite -1983Chlorophoenicite -1924ChondroditeChrysocollaClinochloreClinochrysotileClinoclaseClinohedrite -1898ClinohumiteClinozoisiteClintoniteConichalciteConnelliteCopperCorundumCovelliteCryptomelaneCupriteCuprostibiteCuspidineDatoliteDescloiziteDevillineDigeniteDiopsideDjurleiteDolomiteDomeykiteDraviteDypingiteEdeniteEpidoteEpsomiteErythriteEsperite -1965EuchroiteEveiteFayaliteFeitknechtite -1965FerrimolybditeFerristilpnomelaneFerro-axiniteFlinkiteFluckite

FluoboriteFluorapatiteFluorapophylliteFluoriteForsteriteFranklinfurnaceite -1987Franklinite -1819FriedeliteGageite- 1910GahniteGalenaGanomaliteGanophylliteGenthelviteGersdorffiteGerstmannite -1977Glaucochroite -1899GoethiteGoldGoldmaniteGraphiteGreenockiteGrossularGroutiteGrovesiteGueriniteGypsumHaidingeriteHalloysite*HalotrichiteHancockite -1899Hardystonite -1899HastingsiteHauckite -1980HausmanniteHawleyiteHedenbergiteHedyphaneHematiteHematolite-like mineralHemimorphiteHendricksite -1966HercyniteHetaerolite -1877HeulanditeHexahydriteHodgkinsonite -1913Holdenite-1927HuebneriteHumiteHyalophaneHydrohetaerolite -1935HydrotalciteHydroxyapophylliteHydrozincite



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IlliteIlmeniteJacobsiteJarosewichite -1982Jerrygibbsite -1984Johannsenite -1938Johnbaumite -1980JunitoiteKaoliniteKentroliteKittatinnyite -1983KoettigiteKolicite -1979Kraisslite -1978KutnohoriteLarsenite -1928LaumontiteLawsonbauerite -1979LeadLegranditeLennilenapeite -1984Leucophoenicite -1899LinariteLiroconiteLizarditeLoellingiteLoseyite -1929MagnesiohornblendeMagnesioriebeckiteMagnesium-ChlorophoeniciteMagnetiteMagnussoniteMalachiteManganaxiniteManganberzeliiteManganese-hoernesiteManganhumiteManganiteManganositeManganpyrosmalite -1953MarcasiteMargariteMargarosanite -1916MarialiteMarsturite -1978McallisteriteMcgovernite -1927MeioniteMelanterite*MetalodeviteMetazeuneriteMicroclineMimetiteMinehillite -1984MolybdeniteMonohydrocalciteMooreite -1929MuscoviteNasonite -1899

NatroliteNelenite -1984NeotociteNewberyiteNiahiteNickelineNontroniteNorbergiteOgdensburgite -1981OjuelaiteOrthochrysotileOrthoclaseOrthoserpieriteOtaviteOyelite-like-mineralParabrandtite -1987PararammelsbergiteParasymplesitePargasitePectolitePetedunnite -1987PharmacosideritePhlogopitePicropharmacolitePimelitePowellitePrehnitePumpellyite-(Mg)Pyrite

-1924 PyroauritePyrobelonitePyrochroitePyrophanitePyroxmangitePyrrhotiteQuartzRammelsbergiteRealgarRetsrian-(La)-1984Retzian-(Nd)-1982RhodochrositeRhodoniteRichteriteRiebeckiteRoeblingite -1897RomeiteRosasite*Roweite -1937RutileSaffloriteSarkiniteSauconiteSchallerite -1925ScheeliteSchorlSclarite -1989ScoroditeSeligmanniteSepiolite

SerpieriteSideriteSillimaniteSilverSjogreniteSkutteruditeSmithsoniteSonoliteSpessartineSphaleriteSpinelStarkeyiteSterlinghillite-1981StilbiteStilpnomelaneStilpnomelane (Mn-dominant)StrontianiteSulfurSussexite -1868SvabiteSynadelphiteTalcTennantiteTephroite -1823ThomsoniteThorite*ThortveititeTilasiteTiroditeTitaniteTodorokiteTorreyite -1929TremoliteTurneaureite -1985UraniniteUranophaneUranospiniteUviteVesuvianiteVillyaelleniteWallkilldellite -1983Wendwilsonite -1987Willemite -1824WollastoniteWoodruffite -1953WulfeniteWurtziteXonotliteYeatmanite -1938YukoniteZinalsite -1958Zincite -1810ZinkeniteZircon

SPECIES TOTALS333 confirmed; 4 need furtherconfirmation; 65 first describedfrom area; 33 unique to area



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DU1 Mining

[Editor's Note: This article is in large part acompilation of information abstracted from theBob Jones articles in the August and December,1989, issues of Rock & Gem and from ElaineRose's article in the New Jersey Sunday Herald,dated Oct. 8, 1989.]

IntroductionThe names Richard and Robert Hauck now taketheir place alongside names from the past suchas William Alexander (Lord Stirling to you), EliasOgden, Dr. Sam Fowler and his son, Col. SamFowler, Ashley Ball, John Farley, and others asowners of the properties encompassing SterlingHill. Likewise, the Sterling Hill Mining Companytakes its place with such company names asSussex Zinc & Copper Mining & Manufacturing,the Passaic Mining Company, the Passaic ZincCompany, and the New Jersey Zinc Company.The purposes of these individuals and companies,

however, were not always the same. It is notexploitation of the mineralization that preoc-cupies the current owners and company; rather,it is the preservation of the site as a museum—aliving reminder of the contribution of the miningindustry to the history and economy of the area.

The scenario leading to the acquisition may besummarized as follows: The New Jersey ZincCompany ceased active operations on GoodFriday, 1987, because of low zinc prices and highoperating costs, a portion of which they attribut-ed to local taxation. NJZ maintained only theirwater pumping operations until they made theirdecision to close the mine. Then NJZ salvagedequipment from the depths of the mine, sealedshafts, and removed contaminants during themonths of November and December, 1987. NJZabandoned the property still owing $1.1 millionin taxes to the Borough of Ogdensburg. The

1

Figure 1. Sterling Hill, footwall of east limb in foreground, cross member buckling in background,as viewed over the Passaic Pit. Bernie Kozykowski photo, 2/19/89.



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Borough foreclosed on the NJZ property earlyin 1988 and spent the next year reviewing numer-ous development proposals for the 70-acre tract.Finally, bids were taken on the property and thesale was consumated in mid-June, 1989. TheBorough received $1,415,000 from a group com-posed of Sterling Hill Mining (the Haucks), BarkiAssociates, and Phillips Enterprises. The Hauckspaid $750,000 for their 30-acre tract. Eventuallythe Hauck holdings were reduced to 18 acres viaa sale to Phillips. Phillips Enterprises plan tobuild a commercial, industrial park, and BarkiAssociates plan to operate a well care facilityfor the elderly.

Status of the propertyThe mine buildings have been well maintainedand the Haucks have put new roofing on thoseneeding it. The "Change House", with its wirebaskets hanging from the ceiling, is unchanged.Much of the underground workings are just asthe miners left them. The temperature in themine is 56°F year round; thus, winter has nobearing on the various underground clean upoperations which are in progress. Excavationoperations, spearheaded by a group of formerNJZ employees, uncovered a sealed undergroundcomplex during early August, 1989. This 6000square foot complex, built circa 1915 andabandoned in the late 40's, housed the bosses'lunch room, separate changing rooms for minersand mill workers, and equipment storage rooms.[It is planned that this excavated area berefurbished and opened up to visitors within afew years.]

The water level in the mine is rising at a rateof 1 foot per day. It is estimated that 66 gallonsof water were pumped every minute into theWallkill River when the mine was operating.Last October, for instance, the water was upto the 1350' level — that's 1500 feet above thebottom of the mine. Dick Hauck wants to keepthe mine dry down to the 500' level and indicatesthat he will apply to the EPA for a permit topump water at the rate necessary to accomplishthis.

The PlanIn cryptic terms, the purpose is to preserve, pro-tect, and provide access to the orebody. TheHaucks, with their creative flair, envision fur-ther study of the deposit by the scientific com-munity, underground mine tours conducted byformer NJZ miners, displays of mining equipmentand memorabilia, walk-in adits, a gift shop, afood concession (located in the former NJZoffices), a nature trail, and a picnic area. Mostimportantly, the Haucks are determined that

Figure 2. The loading tanks at Sterling Hill (noterailroad tracks have been removed). BernieKozykowski photo taken 2/19/89.

their Sterling Hill Mining Company will not bean adversary of the Franklin Mineral Museumbut, instead, serve in a complimentary role.

An immediate goal is to complete the extensionof an existing tunnel through to the surface,where it will overlook the Passaic Pit. Thistunnel (180 feet long) will be fitted with hugeUV lamps and be called the "Rainbow Tunnel".Dick Hauck indicates (personal communication)that July 1, 1990, is the target date for beingopen to the public. In the distant future, plansare the construction of an amphitheatre in oneof the open mine pits, and the expansion of thenature trails.

Some observationsBob Jones described several of the things he en-countered during his October '89 visit to SterlingHill in Rock & Gem,19, #12,pages 32-34, 36, and73. He speaks of the green-fluorescing red wille-mite in 500 Stope, then mentions a zone of blue-fluorescing hydrozincite in a tunnel situated atan angle to 500 Stope. Climbing to anotherlevel, Bob encounters orange-fluorescing wollas-



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Figure 3. (Upper right) The Milland its many loading tanks atSterling Hill, Ogdensburg, N.J.,December, 1915. Photo cour-tesy the archives, the FranklinMineral Museum.

Figure 4. (Center left) The MineSuperintendent's office, SterlingHill, Ogdensburg, N.J. BernieKozykowski photo, 2/19/89.

tonite. Breath-taking experiencesin themselves, I'm sure. Then herelates that one could hear the fastflowing underground waters reach-ing the depths of the mine. Inter-esting to me, however, was his de-scription of the postmining miner-alization in one of the tunnels.There were stalactites of calcite(white, delicate, and straw-like)and snowy flows of calcite all cre-ated by the endless dripping andtrickling of the waters. Obviously,there is something here for every-one to enjoy and appreciate. With66 miles of tunnels in this 18 acre-tract, it appears the Haucks candelight us with their creativity formany happy years to come.

Figure 5. (Lower left) The "ChangeHouse", in the foreground, will bean important stop during guidedtours in the future. B. Kozykowskiphoto, 2/19/89.



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Mineral NotesNew To ScienceSclarite

An article entitled "Sclarite, a new mineral fromFranklin, New Jersey, with essential octahedrallyand tetrahedrally coordinated zinc: Descriptionand structure refinement", written by Joel D.Grice, Mineral Sciences Division, NationalMuseum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, OntarioKIP 6P4, Canada, and Pete J. Dunn, Departmentof Mineral Sciences, Smithsonian Institution,Washington, D.C. 20560, appeared in the Amer.Min., 74, 1355-1359 (1989). The following is theauthors' abstract of that article.

AbstractSclarite, ideally (Zn,Mg,Mn)4Zn3(CO3)2(OH)10,is a new mineral species from the Franklin mine,New Jersey. It occurs as 1.5-mm clusters ofclear, colorless crystals associated with leuco-phoenicite, gageite, zincite, and willemite. Themineral has a vitreous luster and white streak.It is brittle with no apparent cleavage and hasa Mohs hardness of 3-4. Sclarite is biaxial posi-tive with a = 1.648(1), 6 = 1.664(1), y = 1.702(2),2ymeas = 63.4(6)°, 2Vcalc = 67°, with strong dis-persion r » v. It is monoclinic, space group A2/a, with a = 16.110(7), b =5.432(1), c =15.041(10)A,6 =95.490(4)°, and Z = 4. The strongest X-raypowder-diffraction lines are [d(A), /, hkl]7.50(10)(002), 3.75(4X311,004), 3.63(5)(Tl3,311),3.53(4X113,204), 3.398(2)(402), 2.934(2)(313),2.621(5)(115), 2.500(4)(513,006). An electron-microprobe analysis gave FeO 0.1, MgO 6.7, MnO4.2, ZnO 62.0, CO2 12.67 (calc.), H2O 12.97(calc.), total 98.6 wt%; DODS = 3.51(5) and £>calc= 3.547 g/cm^. The structure has been refinedto R = 0.069. It is isostructural with loseyite,with Zn atoms occupying both the octahedraland tetrahedral sites. The mineral is namedafter Professor Charles B. Sclar of LehighUniversity.

Editor's Note: The following is of interest tomineral collectors. The information is abstract-ed from the sections of the full article as indi-cated.

IntroductionSclarite was found during a systematic exami-nation of late-stage carbonates from Franklin.It is the Zn analogue of loseyite; also, it is a rareexample of a mineral in which essential Zn isboth octahedrally and tetrahedrally coordinated.The holotype specimen resides in the SmithsonianInstitution, catalogue # NMNH B13671; a portionof this holotype specimen is in the NationalMuseum of Natural Sciences, Ottawa, undercatalogue #53777. There are no other knownspecimens. The new species is named for Dr.Charles B. Sclar, Professor of Geology, LehighUniversity, in recognition of his long-standinginterest in the genesis of this deposit, and thefact that he has supervised much of the recentsophisticated work on Sterling Hill primary ores.

Physical PropertiesSclarite forms in slightly divergent arrays; clus-ters measure 1.5-mm and single crystals 0.2-mmwith the arrays appearing like very coarselysurfaced spherules. Sclarite crystals are platyon { O O l } , elongate parallel to [010], and havea minor {100} side pinacoid. Although individualsclarite crystals are colorless and transparent,aggregrates have a grayish white, turbid appear-ance. Sclarite has no discernible fluorescenceunder LW or SW ultraviolet.

OccurrenceThe matrix for sclarite is granular, calcite-free,willemite-franklinite ore, with minor zincite,and exhibiting minor shearing. The surface ofthe specimen appears weathered because it iscoated unevenly with sparce leucophoenicite,sparce secondary zincite, and abundant, dense,microcrystalline, fibrous gageite. Perched uponthese minerals are 1-mm spherules of light pinkto grayish pink rhodochrosite, more gageite andchlorophoenicite, and these, in turn, are coatedunevenly and sparcely with sclarite, which isintimately associated with secondary zincite andthe soft, white, unnamed zinc-magnesium car-bonate [described by P.J. Dunn, Mm. Record,17, 126-127 (1986)]. Also present, in thissecondary assemblage, is a fine dust-like dis-persal of minute willemite.



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Research Reports

Tourmaline

An article entitled "A reconnaissance of theboron isotopic composition of tourmaline", writ-ten by George H. Stewart, Department of Geo-logical Sciences, Memphis State University,Memphis, TN 38152, and Paul B. Moore, Depart-ment of Geophysical Sciences, University ofChicago, Chicago, IL 60637, appeared inGeochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 53, 911-916(1989). The following is the authors' abstractof that article.

A preliminary investigation of the boron isotopiccomposition of tourmaline from some boron-richassociations has been made. The results fortourmaline from metasedimentary parageneses(n=12) range from 61:1B = -22 to +22 per mil.These data mainly fall between the boron iso-topic compositions of normal marine sedimentswith 6 l l B = -2 to +5 per mil and seawater with6 H B = +39.5 per mil. Tourmaline samples fromgranitic pegmatites (n=6), on the other hand,range from fiHB = -12 to -5 per mil. The dataprovide a rudimentary indication of the rangeof boron isotopic variation in tourmaline, someof the processes leading to this range, and somepossible geochemical tracer applications.

Editor's Note: This article is too technical formost of our readers. Only one specimen fromthe Franklin-Sterling Hill area (U.S.N.M.#C3285, a Franklin Marble uvite from SterlingHill) was utilized as part of this study.

* * * * * * * * * * *

Sonolite and Jerrygibbsite

An article entitled "The crystal structures ofsonolite and Jerrygibbsite", written by ToshioKato, Institute of Earth Sciences, YamaguchiUniversity, Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753, Japan,Yoshiaki Ito, Department of Geological Sciences,University of Washington, Seattle, WA, andNobuo Hashimoto, NEC Kansai Nippon DenkiSoft Ware Corporation, 1-chome, Shiromi,Higashi-ku, Osaka, Japan, appeared in N_.Jb.Miner. Mh., 1989, H.9, 410-430, Stuttgart(1989). The following is the authors' abstractof that article.

The crystal system of sonolite which containsCa ions has been refined to an R of 0.048 using1315 reflections. The small Mg ions are concen-trated in M(3) site, and large Ca ions are in M(2)5and M(2)g sites and in accordance with the re-sults of cation distribution in humite group

minerals. A speculation about the hydrogen dis-tribution in the humite group minerals isdescribed. The crystal structure of Jerrygibbsitehas been determined and refined to an R of 0.088using 854 reflections. The Jerrygibbsite struc-ture is unit-cell-twinned-sonolite by Jb/4 glideplane.

Editor's Note: This article is very technical andbeyond the scope of most of our readers. TheJerrygibbsite used in the study is from Franklin,New Jersey, and the sonolite is from theHokkejino mine, Japan.

Rutile

An article entitled "Rutile fibers in surfacewaters in northern New Jersey", written by JohnH. Puffer, Rutgers University, Mark Germine,New Jersey Medical School, and Gerard P.Maresca, Rutgers University (all located inNewark, NJ 07102), appeared in Arch. Environ.Contam. ToxicoL, 16, 103-109 (1987). Theauthors' abstract is shown below.

Transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysesof surface water samples from the northern NewJersey area indicate that rutile (TiC>2) is a con-sistent contaminant, with fiber concentrationsranging from 0.2 to 1.5 million fibers per liter(MFL), and averaging 0.7 MFL. Concentrationsof rutile fiber were comparable to or somewhathigher than asbestos concentrations in ambientsurface water samples. Rutile is a componentof bedrock in the drainage areas studied, andis also widely used commercially. The datafavors a bedrock origin for most of the rutileobserved. Analysis of hydraulic parameters indi-cates that rutile in the surface water samplesis entirely in the Wentworth clay range, withStokes1 diameter of less than 2 microns, and sug-gests a high degree of sorting control over sus-pended particles. Since the samples were allfrom actual or potential sources of drinkingwater, the results suggest that a substantialamount of rutile is ingested via surface watersupplies by the general population. The healtheffects of such ingestion are unknown.

Editor's Note: This article is beyond the scopeof the Society's usual interests. However, theFranklin Pond, located on the PrecambrianFranklin Marble, receives drainage from thatformation, and is one of six water sourcesinvolved in this study.



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Baumite discredited

Stephen Guggenheim, Department of GeologicalSciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL60680, and Sturges W. Bailey, Department ofGeology and Geophysics, University of Wisconsin,Madison, WI 53706, have written an article en-titled "An occurrence of a modulated serpentinerelated to the greenalite-caryopilite series". Thearticle appeared in Amer. Min., 74, 637-641(1989). The following is the authors' abstractof that article.

AbstractTransmission electron microscope (TEM) and X--ray powder-diffraction studies indicate thatmaterial described as the Zn- and Mn-rich ser-pentine mineral baumite contains predominantlysubmicroscopic coherent intergrowths of 7-Aand 14-A phases. The 7-A phases include at leasttwo polytypes (group A and either group B, C,or D) of lizardite and a modulated 1:1 layersilicate similar to those of the greenalite-caryopilite series. The 14-A phase includes adominant chlorite-Ibb structure. A chrysotile-like phase is present also, although it is rare.Semiquantitative chemical analyses indicate thatall phases are Zn- and Mn-rich, but crystal-chemical arguments are used to suggest that thegreenalite-caryopilite-like phase is relativelyAl poor. The modulated 1:1 layer silicate differsstructurally from greenalite and caryppilite byhavingîsland-like domains of about 30Â (vs. 21.3-23.3 A for greenalite and 16.7-17.2 A for cary-opilite). Accompanying veinlets appear to belizardite-JT altering to chlorite-Zbfo and chlorite-Iba, with these phases chemically distinct fromthose more directly associated with the modu-lated 1:1 layer-silicate phase.

Editor's Note: Much of this study is beyond thescope of our readers. However, the followingwas abstracted from the Introduction and theConclusions sections of the original article, andmay be of interest.

IntroductionBaumite and "brunsvigite" from the Buckwheatdump at Franklin, New Jersey, were describedby Frondel and Ito (1975). Likewise, they report-ed "pennine" from a franklinite ore specimen.Baumite is brownish-yellow in thin section, andoccurs in fine-grained, dense black masses upto a foot across. The greenish black "brunsvig-ite" is found in low-temperature hydrothermalveinlets crossing the baumite. Today the "bruns-vigite" is properly designated as manganoanzincian chamosite and the "pennine" as clino-chlore. These minerals contain large amounts

of MnO (ranging from 5.5 - 12.3 wt%) and ZnO(from 4.75 to 9.6 wt%). Alumina in the chloritesrange from 13.1 to 14.0 wt96; for baumite, 6.6wt%.

Clinochlore had been found associated withbaumite by P.J. Dunn (personal communication,1988), but that work was unpublished. A rein-spection of that material by Dunn confirmed thatbaumite served as a "breccia cement" in a low-temperature cavity or vein filling and amountedto only 25% by volume of the material. Thisbreccia was composed of baumite, chamosite,white willemite (crystallites 1 x 3 cm in size),white granular calcite, franklinite, aegirine, andbrown stilpnomelane. The specimens studiedby the authors include the baumite type materialfrom Harvard, catalogue #HU 114072 and an un-catalogued specimen labeled "brunsvigite" fromJ.L. Baum. The current study concludes thatthe baumite and the chamosite are submicro-scopic coherent intergrowths of 7-A and 14-Aphases plus minute amounts of other materials.This material, among other things, contains anew mineral, which cannot be documented ade-quately to give it species status because it isintimately admixed with other phases. Alsopresent in the baumite is curled asbestiform par-ticles, lizardite, and a talc-like phase. The"brunsvigite" (chamosite) associated with baum-ite appears to be pseudomorphs of lizardite. Thetransformation of the lizardite and chamositeto chlorite is incomplete. Thus, the chloriteintergrown with the modulated serpentine differsfrom the chlorite described as chamosite.

Franklin-gahnite exsolution intergrowthsEditor's error of omission corrected

Editor's Note: On page 19, in the Picking Table,30, #2 (1989), the journal reference for an ab-stracted article was omitted inadvertently. Theoriginal article appeared in Economic Geology,83, 1447-1452 (1988). That article was entitled"Experimental determination of the ZnFeÔ^- ZnAÔ^ miscibility gap with application tofranklinite-gahnite exsolution intergrowths fromthe Sterling Hill zinc deposit, New Jersey", andthe authors were Antone V. Carvalho HI, SunExploration and Production Company, 12121Wickchester Lane, P.O. Box 1501, Houston, TX77251, and Charles B. Sclar, Department of Geo-logical Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem,PA 18015.



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Figure 1. Compound microscope. Note objectiveat bottom and photo-ocular at top.

Figure 2. SLR setup for photographing throughthe compound microscope.

Figure 3 (at left). The Nikon HFX unit mountedon the compound microscope. The umbilicalwiring to the HFX unit and the control box donot show. Note adjustable specimen pedestalat bottom, and the fiber optics light source com-ing in from the left.

Greater magnification requires more illumi-nation, such as a cooler, fiber-optic lamp. Theroom should be darkened and as vibration-freeas possible. Exposure calculation can be compli-cated but eventually attained through trial anderror.

More expensive, but greatly improved resultscan be obtained with silicon diode metering suchas Nikon Microflex HFX or similar equipmentfrom Bausch & Lomb, Olympus, etc. These unitscontain a beam-splitting prism with ocular finderand electronic calculator for automatic exposurecontrol. A leaf shutter and film-holding darkbox completes the unit. This can be mountedabove any tri-ocular microscope or the as-sembled compound microscope described above(Figure 3).



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Using the HFX, the clear image is far superiorto ground-glass viewers found in reflex cameras.Also, and equally important, the margins of thephotograph are accurately delineated.

Proper color can be obtained by matching theproper film to the proper light source. I havehad good results with tungsten EPY Ektachrome

50 and an EKE lamp (3200° K) or with tungstenKPA Kodachrome 40 used with an EJA lamp(3400° K). The lamps mentioned above are forfiber-optic generators. Please note that fiber-optic generators vary in output voltage. TheEJA lamp, for example, must be used in unitswith a 21 volt output such as the MK II.

PERIPHERALSPART 2.

WOLLASTONITE AND DOCTOR WOLLASTON

Alfred L. Standfast, M.D.32 Oak Street

Binghamton, NY 13905

The mineral named in the 1800s for this greatman was first recovered locally from the depthsof the Franklin mine, and was identified by JohnL. Baum in 1944. Palache (Professional Paper180) indicated, that on purely chemical grounds,bustamite could be regarded as manganese wol-lastonite. Under short wave ultraviolet lightwollastonite's vivid orange fluorescence rivalsand occasionally exceeds in intensity the brightgreen fluorescence of willemite.

But who was Wollaston? There are many geo-graphical places named after him in England andGreenland, a lake in Saskatchewan, islands inChile, and a peninsula in Canada's NorthwestTerritories. He was born in East Dereham,Norfolk, England in 1766. He received his medi-cal degree in 1793. He practiced medicineseveral years but gave it up to do personal re-search, mainly in chemistry. The EncyclopediaBrittanica states that William Hyde Wollastonwas eccentric and reserved, lived alone, and keptmost of his secrets to himself.

Platinum was his specialty. In 1802, he isolatedpalladium and discovered rhodium in crudeplatinum. He made a fortune in his developmentof the practical uses of platinum, which hadpuzzled others because of its insolubility andhigh melting point. He was a secretary of theRoyal Society and gave up his opportunity to bepresident to Sir Humphry Davy in 1820.

His work with alkali oxalates, sulfates, and car-bonates was extensive. He studied the makingof geometrical arrangements of elementaryatoms, foreshadowing the work of JacobusHendricus Van't Hoff. He proved titanium andcolumbium (now called niobium) to be elements.But this wasn't all. He studied optics and foundthe dark lines in the solar spectrum (Fraunhoferlines) making the natural boundaries of thesimple colors. His invention of the reflectinggoniometer revolutionized the study of mineralsand crystals. He also devised the camera lucidafor making micro-drawings accurately. Besidesall this, he made the "Wollaston doublet" lensfor microscopists and adapted concavo-convexlenses for use by oculists. Astronomy was alsoone of his hobbies.

In physics, Wollaston did research and found themagnetic needle was deflected by an electriccurrent. This was one of the discoveries, nodoubt, which started Michael Faraday on theright track for all his marvelous discoveries inthe field of electricity and electric motors.

In 1828, Wollaston was partially paralyzed bya brain tumor. He dictated all of his secret dis-coveries for publication after his death. Yes,Wollaston was quite a man! Yet how manypeople ever hear of his many contributions toscience?* * * * * * * * * * *



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LEHIGH UNIVERSITY

and the

FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURGMINERALOGICAL SOCIETY

present a

SYMPOSIUM

entitled

"CHARACTER AND ORIGIN OF THE

FRANKLIN-STERLING HILL OREBODIES"

on May 19, 1990 at Lehigh University

SPEAKERS (Listed alphabetically)Avery Drake

U.S.Geological Survey, RestonClifford Frondel

Harvard UniversityCraig A. Johnson

Yale UniversityPeter R. Leavens

University of DelawareRobert W. Metsger

Manager, Sterling MinePaul Brian Moore

University of ChicagoCharles B. Sclar

Lehigh University

PLACE:"Mountain Top", Building "A",Lehigh UniversityBethlehem, PA 18015

DATE & TIME:May 19, 1990Coffee: 9:30 a.m.Speakers: 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.

ADMISSION;$5.00 (Regular)$3.00 (Student)

SYMPOSIUM RECORD;Includes all presentationsAvailable at extra cost

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION;Call: Dr. Sclar at LehighPhone:(215) 758-3658

DelawareRiver

PA.

-287

<s*10?°^

MAP IS NOT TO SCALE

NOTE; Mountain Drive is 5.0 miles southon PA-378 from I-78/US-22 and 4.8 milesnorth on PA-378 from PA-309. FoUow thePA Route 378 signs.



www.FOMSNJ.org

OPEN TO THE PUBLIC

JULY 1, 1990

Featuring:Underground Guided Tours

Antique Mining Equipment DisplaysMining Memorabilia Displays

Gift Shop Stocked by Local CraftsmenFood Concession and Picnic Area

Nature Trails and Much, Much More!

Learn about the importance of the MiningIndustry to northwestern New Jersey

See Historic Mine WorkingsDON'T MISS THE "RAINBOW TUNNEL"!!

HISTORICAL MINING MUSEUMPlant Street

Ogdensburg, N.J. 07439

Richard Hauck(201)743-1030

Mine Phone(201) 209-7212

Robert Hauck(201)785-2092

FnR flUKUIII mil HIE Rfl I! ID U S E U IDExhibiting by means of guided tours Franklin-Sterling Hill, New Jersey mineral specimens,educational exhibits in mining methods and his-tory including a life-sized replica of under-ground workings, artifacts, gem stones, zincuses, and a 32 foot long fluorescent mineraldisplay.

Featuring collections of Kraissl-Lemanski, Spex-Gerstmann, Sunny Cook, R.Hauck, J.Gouger,Jr.,and others.

Mineral collecting on the Buckwheat Dump.Ample parking, picnic grounds.

Offering for sale: Area minerals, fluorescentspecimens, micromounts, mineral sets, amethystcrystal groups, agate slabs, onyx carvings, UVlamps, hammers, lenses, mineral books, 35mmslides of fluorescent minerals by Henry VanLenten, T-shirts, patches, postcards, and refresh-ments.

Franklin, New Jersey"The Fluorescent Mineral

Capital of the World"

OPERATING SCHEDULE

SPRING (April 15 - June 30)* andFALL (Sept. 1 - Nov. 15)

Monday: ClosedTues., Wed., Thurs.: Groups, by ReservationFri. & Sat.: Open to Public 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.Sunday: Open to Public 12:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.

SUMMER (July, Aug.)Mon., Tues.: ClosedWed. thru Sat.: Open to Public 10 a.m. - 4 p.m.Sunday: Open to Public 12:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.

'Closed Easter

Adults $2.00Grammar & High School Students $1.00

Separate Admission Fee to Buckwheat DumpSame as to Mineral Museum

No reservations necessary for Friday, Saturday or Sun-day with the exception of school groups on Fridays.

Admission to Museum includes guided tours.EVANS STREET - P.O. BOX 54(Between Main St. and Buckwheat Rd.)

FRANKLIN, N.J. 07416

(201) 827-3481



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The FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY, Inc.

The regular activities of the Society consist of lecture programs, field trips, and »^micro-mineralogy study groups. The regular meetings of the Society are held on ^the third Saturday of March, April, May, June, September, October, and November.Unless otherwise specified, lecture programs will be followed by business meetings.The seasonal schedule below shows time and place in bold face for all activities. Exceptand November meetings, held at the Hardyston Township School, all others take place atFranklin Mineral Museum, Evans Street, Franklin, New Jersey.

•^Sfck

for MarchKraissl Hall,

MARCH 17, 1990 (Saturday)NOTICE; Today's activities are at the Hardyston Township School, Route 23, Franklin, N.J.

There will be no Field Trip, Micro/Study Group, or Busniess Meeting.

Program #1

Program #2

9:30 a.m. - 1:45 p.m. Mineral Exchange Program—SWAP & SELL. Public invited.

2:00 p.m. "The Rowe Collection at Rutgers University"by William Seldon.

APRIL 21, 1990 (Saturday)NOTICE:

Field Trip:

Micro-Group:

Program:

The business meeting, lecture, and Micro/Study Group meeting will be held inKraissl Hall, Franklin Mineral Museum today.

9:00 a.m. - noon

10:00 a.m. - noon

1:30 p.m.

Old Andover Iron Mine, Limecrest Road, Andover, N.J.

Bring your favorite Franklin micros for viewing. Bringyour scope and trading material. Leader: Ralph Thomas

"Willemite/Calcite and other Neat Things from the FarWest" by Manny Robbins, author, and Rocks & Mineralscolumnist.

APRIL 28 & 29, 1990 (Saturday and Sunday)NOTICE: The 18th Annual Gem, Mineral & Jewelry Show, sponsored by the NJESA, at the

Rec Center, William Paterson College, Wayne, N.J. The show theme for exhi-bitors is copper.

MAY 19, 1990 (Saturday)NOTICE; The normal P.O.M.S. activities will not take place today. Instead, members

should attend the Lehigh University & F.O.M.S. co-sponsored Symposiumentitled "Character and Origin of the Franklin-Sterling Hill Orebodies", whichis being held at Lehigh University. See page 22 for admission costs, the listof speakers, and directions to Lehigh.

JUNE 16, 1990 (Saturday)Field Trip: 10:00 a.m. - noon

Micro-Group: 10:00 a.m. to noon

Program: 1:30 p.m.

JUNE 17, 1990 (Sunday)Field Trip: 9:00 a.m. -noon

* * * * * * * *24

Buckwheat Dump, Evans Street, Franklin, N.J.

Kraissl Hall, Franklin Mineral Museum, Franklin, N.J.Franklin micro classics for viewing. Bring a scope.Leader: Omer Dean

"Amphiboles of the Franklin Marble" by Mark Germine

Bodnar/Edison Quarry, Rudeville, N.J. (Crystal Springs).* * * * * * * * * * * * *



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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *COLOR SLIDES AND COLOR PRINTS AVAILABLE FROM

THE FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY

Photomicrographs of Franklin-Sterling Hill minerals by Dr. Alfred L. Standfast

Each set of color slides or color prints features (4) different minerals from the Franklin-SterlingHill area. The 1st Edition is composed of Sets #1 through #5, totaling 20 slides or prints. The2nd Edition is composed of Sets #6 through #10, totaling 20 slides or prints. Individual sets arepriced at $5.00; each Edition is priced at $25.00; both Editions (all 10 sets) are priced at $50.00.Please specify slides or prints when ordering. The above prices do not include packaging orpostage. For details regarding which minerals are depicted in each set or to place an order,please write to: Steven Misiur, 309 Fernwood Terrace, Linden, NJ 07036

ineralosicalecora

the bimonthly journal for mineral collectors

Subscription Costs: $33/year; $63/2 yearsTo subscribe send your check to:Mary Lynn Michela. Circulation Manager,Mineralogical RecordP.O.Box 35565,Tucson, AZ 85740

SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTFOR MINERAL EXHIBITORS

Copper is the themefor both

the 18th AnnualGem, Mineral & Jewelry Show

sponsored by the NJESAto be held April 28 & 29 at the Rec Center

William Paterson CollegeWayne, New Jersey

andthe 34th Annual

Franklin-Sterling Mineral Exhibitsponsored by the

Franklin Mineral Museumto be held October 6 & 7at the Franklin Armory,

Franklin, New Jersey

Fluorescent

Aineral Society

The Fluorescent Mineral Society is devoted to increasingthe knowledge of its members in the luminescence ofminerals with emphasis on fluorescence and phos-phorescence. The Society is international in itsmembership. It promotes increased knowledge in thisinteresting hobby with emphasis on collecting, displayingand understanding. To help all members, it publishes aninteresting bi-monthly newsletter called \heUV WAVESand an annual, THE JOURNAL OF THE FLUORESCENTMINERAL SOCIETY. This stresses the scientific side ofthe hobby while the UV WAVES highlights the usualand ordinary applications of common interest to you.Membership information may be obtained by writing:

The Fluorescent Mineral SocietyP.O. Box 2694

Sepulveda, CA91343


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FRANKLIN - OGDENSBURGMINERALOGICAL SOCIETY, INC.BOX 146 — FRANKLIN, NEW JERSEY 07416

Non-Profit Org.

U.S. POSTAGEPAID

Permit No. 22

Earl R. Vertaeek414 N. Ford St.Golden Co. S04O3


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The Picking Table Volume 31, No. 1 Spring 1990 · 2018-06-19 · No. 180. Soft back edition, FOMS...

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Transcript of The Picking Table Volume 31, No. 1 Spring 1990 · 2018-06-19 · No. 180. Soft back edition, FOMS...