The Physical World. Solar System ► The Solar system is the sun and the group of bodies that...
-
Upload
bryan-carson -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
0
Transcript of The Physical World. Solar System ► The Solar system is the sun and the group of bodies that...
• Solar System• ►The Solar system is the sun and the group of
bodies that revolve around it. Almost all of ►Earth’s energy comes from the sun Satellites ►– A body that orbits a larger body. Moons are natural satellites
The Sun, the Earth, and the Moon►The diameter of the Earth is about
8,000 miles. ►►The diameter of the Sun is about
865,000 miles.►The Moon is 240,000 miles from the
Earth. ►►The Earth’s orbit averages about 93
million miles from the Sun.
Cool Facts
The Solar SystemRotation One complete spin of the Earth on its axis. Takes 24 hours. Solar energy hits only the half of the earth that is facing the sun. Revolution Earths movement around the sun. Takes 365 ¼ days to complete one revolution. Earth’s Tilt Earth is tilted at 23 ½ degree angle. North polar axis always points towards the North Star.
The Earth System►Earth System – Interactions of elements on and around our planet
►Broken into 4 parts *Atmosphere – layer of gases that surround earth *Lithosphere – Surface of the planet
*Hydrosphere – all the water of the planet
*Biosphere – Part of the earth where all plant and animal life exists
Layers of the Earth
Inner Core: Iron and Nickel in the solid state; 800 miles thick
Outer Core: Iron and Nickel in a luiquid state; 1,400 miles thick
Mantel: Flows with the consistency of asphalt; 1,800 miles thick
Crust: 3-5 miles thick at an oceanic plate; 5-25 miles thick at a continental plate
Alfred Wegener• Father of plate tectonics• 1915• German meteorologist• 1 super continent which he named Pangaea• General movement of Pangaea was to the west• Provided detailed description of geologic features which the
southern continents have in common• Could not provide explanation for the breakup
Pangaea – the Supercontinent
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangaeahttp://www.platetectonics.com/book/page_7.asp
Convergent Boundaries• Ocean-to-ocean collisions• Ocean-to-continent collisions• Continent-to-continent collisions
– Building up of mountain chains– Thickest area of the continental crust– Suture zones are the result– where crust is destroyed as one plate dives under another
Divergent Plate Boundaries• where new crust is generated as the
plates pull away from each other The mid-Atlantic Ridge, a
topographically high area near the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, is an example of a divergent plate boundary.
Block Faulting, fractures and fissures result from the stress of the plates pulling apart
Basaltic magma wells up through fissures creating new surfaceNew ocean floor is created (50% of the Earth’s surface has been created in the last 200 million years)Divergent plate boundaries usually occur below the sea however in Africa and North America rifting is occurring on the continent
Transnational Boundaries• No overriding• No subduction• Designated by a fault complex• San Andreas is an excellent example
– Formed from the gradual subduction of the Farallon Plate during the Cenozoic
– Farallon Plate ran along the west coast of North America– North America plate consumed the middle portion of the
Farallon Plate which left 2 small fragments to the north and south – Gorda and Cocos plates
– North America plate hit the east Pacific rise and overrode the rise so that the actual plate boundary between North America and Pacific plates is now the San Andreas fault line