westernNAME : NOOR HALISAH NASARUDDIN

(870106-49-5400) : MOHD HAZLAN BIN HARMAN SHAH

(890522-59-5288) : HAIRUL HAFIZI BIN MASKOR (860909-23-6737)

SEMESTER : YEAR 2 SEM 1COURSE: BACELOR OF ARCHITECTURE STUDIESLECTURE NAME : PN.SHARIFAH HASMIMAH

The Ancient history of architecture can be divided into three main era:

• Ancient Egypt• Ancient Rome• Ancient Greek

The topic that I Have Chosen is Ancient Rome

An Pantheon in Rome, Italy

PANTHEONAn image of Pantheon in Rome, Italy

Pantheon, outside

Introduction Ancient Rome Building – “ The

Pantheon”• The text of the original inscription

("M·AGRIPPA·L·F·COS·TERTIVM·FECIT", standing for Latin: Marcus Agrippa, Lucii filius, consul tertium fecit translated to "'Marcus Agrippa, son of Lucius, Consul for the third time, built this")

• The Pantheon was once known as the “Temple to all the Gods”.

• Commissioned by Marcus Agrappa as a Temple, rebuilt by Emperor Hadrian in about 126 AD.

• The name “pantheon” comes either from the statues of so many gods or from the resemblance of the dome to the heavens.

• During construction, the area of the pantheon was on the outskirts of Rome.

• Under the Roman Republic the Campus Martius had served as gathering place for elections and the army.

Con’t• However, under Augustus and the new Principate both were deemed to

be unnecessary. • The construction of the Pantheon was part of a program of construction

that was undertaken by Augustus Caesar and his supporters.• They built more than twenty structures on the Campus Martius,

including the Baths of Agrippa and the Saepta Julia.• It had long been thought that current building was built by Agrippa, with

later alterations undertaken, and this was in part due to the inscription on the front of the temple.

• However, archaeological excavations have shown that the Pantheon of Agrippa had been completely destroyed, and Emperor Hadrian was probably responsible for rebuilding the Pantheon on the site of Agrippa's original temple.

Characteristics of “The Pantheon”

• The building is circular with a portico of three ranks of huge granite Corinthian columns (eight in the first rank and two groups of four behind) under a pediment opening into the rotunda, under a coffered, concrete dome, with a central opening (oculus) to the sky.

• Almost two thousand years after it was built, the Pantheon's dome is still the world's largest unreinforced concrete dome.

• The height to the oculus and the diameter of the interior circle are the same, 43.3 metres (142 ft).

• A rectangular structure links the portico with the rotunda. It is one of the best preserved of all Roman buildings.

• It has been in continuous use throughout its history, and since the 7th century, the Pantheon has been used as a Roman Catholic church dedicated to "St. Mary and the Martyrs" but informally known as "Santa Maria Rotonda."

Pantheon Rome Model

INSIDE VIEW

Plan of the building with characteristics

Front elevation

Back side

CROSS- SECTION OF THE PANTHEON

2D structure drawing

FRONT ELEVATION LEFT ELEVATION

SECTION PLAN

THE PANTHEON, ROME, ITALY GOOGLE EARTH 3D BUILDINGS

Left elevation

Internal overview

Dome with Oculus

Oculus

Top view

Dome

Pantheon

obelisk in the front of Pantheon

Drum arch, Parthenon

Columns

DOMEDOOR

Entryway

carving detail, porch side

Panorama inside

Entryway arch

Pantheon's pillars

References

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_ancient_Greece• http://www.google.com.my/imglanding?q=pantheon&imgurl=http://

vclass.mgt.psu.ac.th/~parinya/MM/artlessons/pantheon.jpg&imgrefurl=http://vclass.mgt.psu.ac.th/~parinya/MM/artlessons/timeline.html&usg=__z6bMAflngNC5cnPYkvaVFbllRVM=&h=340&w=600&sz=33&hl=en&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=kVM4yXOhATraAM:&tbnh=77&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpantheon%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&sa=X&tbs=isch:1&start=2#tbnid=etwKRgzSf8gCgM&start=24

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_ancient_Rome• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Rome• http://www.google.com.my/imglanding?q=pantheon&imgurl=http://

vclass.mgt.psu.ac.th/~parinya/MM/artlessons/pantheon.jpg&imgrefurl=http://vclass.mgt.psu.ac.th/~parinya/MM/artlessons/timeline.html&usg=__z6bMAflngNC5cnPYkvaVFbllRVM=&h=340&w=600&sz=33&hl=en&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=kVM4yXOhATraAM:&tbnh=77&tbnw=135&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpantheon%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&sa=X&tbs=isch:1&start=2#tbnid=hO7nEBNpXVYswM&start=22

References• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Pantheon_rome_2005may.jpg

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_architecture

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campus_Martius

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principate

CONCLUSION