Landscape analysis on countries' readiness to accelerate action in nutrition
THE NUTRITION LANDSCAPE IN MALAWI Past, Present and...
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THE NUTRITION LANDSCAPE IN MALAWI Past, Present and Future Presented by Zione Kalumikiza Public Discussion on Political Party Manifestos 30 th April 2019, Capital Hotel, Lilongwe
Transcript of THE NUTRITION LANDSCAPE IN MALAWI Past, Present and...
THE NUTRITION LANDSCAPE IN MALAWI
Past, Present and Future
Presented by Zione Kalumikiza
Public Discussion on Political Party Manifestos
30th April 2019, Capital Hotel, Lilongwe
We share a common vision…….
whose success depends on a well nourished
population
Nutrition is at the heart of the SDGs
MALNUTRITION
BASICS & TRENDS
Understanding (mal) nutrition: the past
Understanding (mal) nutrition: the past
Malnutrition today
• Undernutrition
• Micronutrient deficiencies (Hidden Hunger)
• Overnutrition and related problems
The state of nutrition in Malawi
55 53
47
37
7 6 4 3
2017
13 12
2000 DHS 2004 DHS 2010 DHS 2015-16 DHS
Stunted
Wasted
Underweight
Trends: Under-five nutritional status
Percent of children under 5
Trends: Hidden hunger
80
6259 59
47
5551
31
22
83
28
22
9
4
Anaemia Iron deficiency Iron deficiencyanaemia
Vitamin Adeficiency
Salt with >15 ppmI
Pe
rce
nt
2001 2009 2015/16
Sources: GoM (2003), NSO (2011, 2017)
Trends in Childhood Mortality
135
104
7666
42
234
189
133
112
64
1992 DHS 2000 DHS 2004 DHS 2010 DHS 2015-16 DHS
Infant mortality
Under-5 mortality
Deaths per 1,000 live births for the five-year period before the survey
Success stories: chronic malnutrition
5552 52
47
42
37
1992 2000 2004 2010 2014 2015/16
% S
tun
ted
Ch
ild
ren
U-5
s
Burden of stunting in Malawi
Success stories: Vitamin A deficiency
59,2
38,3
57,4
36,9
22,0
8,5
1,60,2
3,60,9 0,3 0,1
Preschoolers (6-59mo)
School-aged (5-15 y) Women (15-49 y) Men (20-55 y)
Source: NSO (2003, 2011, 2017)
Feeding practices-
frequent but poor, with declining EBF rates
31
24
9
19
30
4
29
25
8
Minimum MealFrequency
Minimum DietaryDiversity
Minimum AcceptableDiet
Perc
en
t
Breastfed Non-breastfed All children 6-23 months
Sources: NSO (2017)
Over-nutrition
on the rise, increasing risk for NCDs
Data sourced from
2000, 2004, 2010 & 2015-16 M
DH
S reports
NCDs no longer a problem of the affluent
“The notion that NCDs and their risk factors are problems of urban people is a misconception”
(Msaymboza et. al, 2011)
“Our findings show that hypertension, diabetes, and overweight and obesity are all highly prevalent in
urban and rural Malawian adults from a young age, despite it being a very low-income country affected by under-nutrition and food insecurity”
(Price et. al, 2018)
6 in 10 are Zinc Deficient
60% 60%63%
66%
Preschoolers (6-59mo)
School-aged (5-15 y) Women (15-49 y) Men (20-55 y)
Source: NSO (2017)
Climate change taking its toll….posing a threat to
food security & available investments
MALNUTRITION
THE COST
Underweight,
overweight &
mortality
The cost of
malnutrition (1/3)
– Poor immunity to
infections
– Elevated disease risk
The cost of malnutrition (2/3)
Stagnant national development
• Poor nutrition in early life results
in:
– Low cognitive ability
– Low education attainment
– Increased health care costs
– Low productivity
– High dependency on public
resources
The cost of malnutrition (3/3)
• In 2012 alone, USD 597
million was lost due to
health,
education,
productivity losses
• Equivalent to 10.3% of
GDP
ADVANCING NUTRITION
PAST AND FUTURE ACTIONS
Best Practices to date……
• Coordination & collaborations– DNHA
– Other support platforms
• Focus on high impact interventions – Scaling Up Nutrition
• Policy environment – NMSNP, MGDS III, Ag-Nut Strategy
• Investments
Critical issues - coordination
Critical issues - Investment
• Some improvements but still huge financing gaps
• The majority of interventions (over 80%) of those indicated in MGDS III were not been included in the 2018/19 budget
– For the few interventions included, the resource allocation was insufficient and much lower than the earmarked spending target for the 2018/19 FY as per MGDS III.
COHA study recommendations
• Set ambitious targets to reduce under-nutrition
• Scale up high impact nutrition interventions
• Communication and advocacy
• Monitoring and Evaluation
• Coordination
Other key issues……thinking UNUSUAL
Think beyond:
• Food – rights & accountability
• Plate – farm to plate
• Short term – long term, sustainable, lifecycle
• One sector – leave no one behind
• Communities – systems (education, work
places)
• Usual ways – ICT, Indigenous knowledge
Moving beyond willingness
