«

»

After the Sámi had been forbidden to practice their religion, language, reindeer herding, and the annexation of their land and water, the Sámi crafts were the only

thing that was not affected by governmental ban.

theNorwegiaNamerican

$3 USDEst. May 17, 1889 • Formerly Norwegian American Weekly, Western Viking & Nordisk TidendeVolume 128, #25 • December 29, 2017

Inside this issue:

Nordic-inspired biscuits &

toddies to cozy up with

story on pages 12-13

Photos courtesy of Tomas ColbengtsonThese photographs show two of the artist’s exhibition pieces involving figures in glass.

What’s inside?2-3

4-5

6-7

8-9

10

11

12-13

14-15

16-17

18-19

20-21

22

23

Nyheter / News

Business

Opinion

Sports

Books

Arts & Entertainment

Taste of Norway

Norway near you

Travel

Norwegian Heritage

Norsk Språk

Research & Science

Puzzles

– Ukjent

« Et nyttårsforsett er noe som går inn det ene året

og ut det andre. »

See > glass, page 11

An indigenous people in glassSámi artist Tomas Colbengtson brings life to glass

Victoria Hofmo

Brooklyn, N.Y.

Maadter Aahka, the title of an exhibit at the UrbanGlass Agnes Varis Art Center Gallery in Brooklyn from Aug. 9 to Sept. 29, sounded rich and exotic. But it is more Scandinavian than you may know, as it is the name of the Sámi goddess that brings life.

I was excited to see how this fascinating culture would be rendered by Sámi artist To-mas Colbengtson. He had two large pieces on view, both presenting historic photographic images of Sámi people fused onto glass.

The first piece, titled Maadter Aahka, is glass with screen-printed enamel. The young female face staring at you is at a vulnerable but fearless age. She confronts the viewer with an intense, direct gaze—a Sámi Mona Lisa—adorned in traditional beads.

The text included a quote from the artist: “The starting point of my work is the colo-nial abuse of indigenous people. Specifically the Swedish governmental colonial effect on my little Sámi hometown in Tärna, Sweden, on the polar circle.”

“You really have to look at it,” was the initial reaction of a friend, Linda Boye, who accompanied me to the exhibit. Which of course is the point, as the artist aims to conjure the Sámi people, whose culture and customs were crushed and made illegal to practice.

Powerful is the first word that comes to mind in the second piece on display, Ab-original, which is fractured into three pieces that are suspended and connected with a sil-

$1 = NOK 8.3260updated 12/22/2017

In comparison12/22/2017 8.326006/22/2017 8.495212/22/2016 8.2954

theNorwegiaNamerican2 • December 29, 2017

Nyheter fra NorgeNyheter

Nordmenn er blitt mer positive til innvandrereFlere mener det bør bli lettere for asyl-søkere å få opphold, ifølge nye tall fra Statistisk sentralbyrå (SSB).

Andelen som mener innvandrere gjør en nyttig innsats øker også, og førre men-er innvandrere fører til utrygghet.

Holdningene til innvandrere er blitt mer positive det siste året, ifølge tall fra den årlige SSB-undersøkelsen om temaet.

16 prosent mener det bør bli lettere for flyktninger og asylsøkere å få opphold i Norge, mens 52 prosent mener det bør være som i dag. 28 prosent av de spurte i holdningsundersøkelsen mener det bør bli vanskeligere å få opphold.

Andelen som er enig i at «innvan-drere flest gjør en nyttig innsats i norsk arbeidsliv», økte med 5 prosentpoeng fra 66 til 71 prosent, mens andelen som er enig i at «innvandrere flest er en kilde til utrygghet i samfunnet», sank med 5 prosentpoeng til 27 prosent.

25 prosent av de spurte mener at inn-vandrere flest misbruker de sosiale vel­ferdsordningene, mens 68 prosent mener at innvandrere flest beriker det kulturelle livet i Norge.(VG)

16 tidligere stortingspolitikere får 51.000 i etterlønn hver måned16 stortingsrepresentanter fra forrige periode er fortsatt arbeidsløse, og har fått innvilget etterlønn ut mars.

16 av de 75 representantene som gikk ut av Stortinget i høst har søkt om å få for-lenget etterlønnen etter nyttår. Halvparten av dem som har søkt er fra Frp, tre fra Høyre, tre fra Ap og to fra KrF, skriver NRK.

Stortingsrepresentanter som ikke blir gjenvalgt—eller ikke stiller til valg—kan søke om tre måneder med full lønn fra ok-tober ut året. Årslønn for en stortingsrep-resentant er NOK 928.602.

De som fortsatt står uten jobb ved årsskiftet, kan de søke om etterlønn i inntil et år. Den er på 66 prosent av or-dinær lønn, med fradrag for eventuelle inntekter. Eks-politikerne må dokumen-tere at de er arbeidssøkere.

Stortingsrepresentanter som slutter kan også søke om etterlønn på 66 prosent i inntil ett år for å utdanne seg.(VG)

65.000 eldre utsatt for voldNy forskning indikerer at rundt 65.000 personer som bor hjemme, har blitt utsatt for vold eller overgrep etter at de fylte 65 år.

— Det er trist lesning at rundt 65.000 hjemmeboende personer over 65 år blir utsatt for vold eller overgrep. Tallene er ikke veldig overraskende, men dette er helt ny informasjon om tematikken. Det er første gang vi kan presentere tall om forekomsten av vold i denne aldersgrup-pen, sier Astrid Sandmoe.

Ifølge Sandmoe er den aktuelle grup-pen blant dem som er minst i stand til å stå på barrikadene for seg selv.

— Det vil aldri oppstå et grasrotop-prør fra de voldsutsatte i denne gruppen.

Sandmoe mener helsevesenet må bli mer aktive i å avdekke vold i alle alders-grupper.(NRK)

det var passe med snø. Viktig er det også at det på setra er sol så hilsenen sees mye bed-re, mens sola nå er borte nede i Gudbrands-dalen, sier Hagen til Aftenposten.

Han røper også «trikset» - de to brukte hesjestaur for å få siktlinjer, på frontruta i traktoren var det klistret opp en skisse, og de etterlignet løkkeskrift som de lærte på skolen på slutten av 70-tallet.

En tidligere sjef for den russiske nord-flåten sier det trolig er Nato som står bak et forsøk på å skaffe seg hemmelige opplys-ninger om den russiske marinen.

— Jeg vurderer ikke Bergs aktivitet som en nasjonal interesse for Norge, sier Vjatsjeslav Popov, admiral og tidligere sjef for den russiske Nordflåten, til den russiske tv-stasjonen Tsargrad.

Tirsdag, den 19. desember, ble nordma-nnen Frode Berg arrestert i Moskva, anklaget for å ha mottatt hemmelige dokumenter om den russiske flåten og siktet for spionasje. Han er varetektsfengslet fram til 5. februar.

Popov sier det er Natos oppgave å over-våke det russiske nordområdet og han mener det er svært sannsynlig at dvet har foregått etterretningsvirksomhet.

— Nordmannen ble stanset da han forsøkte å skaffe seg hemmelige opplys-ninger om det russiske marinen og deres ak-tivitet i nord. Det han har gjort er diktert av Nato og ikke i Norges interesse, sier han.

Professor Iver B. Neumann ved Norsk Utenrikspolitisk Institutt (NUPI), har jobbet med Russland som fagfelt i flere tiår. Han mener spionanklagene en del av Russlands opptrapping av konfrontasjoner mot Norge og andre vestlige land.

Den førstestatsadvokat Morten Ygge-seth, som selv tjenestegjorde i Grensekom-paniet under den kalde krigen, mener det er merkelig dersom norske myndigheter skulle

Julehilsenen «Merry Christmas» ble spredt verden rundt via YouTube.

Sammen med kameraten Ivar Brandvol fikk gårdbruker Vemund Hagen ideen om å lage julehilsen i snøen med traktoren lille ju-laften i fjor.

Hilsenen «God Jul» ble sett av mer enn 150.000 ifølge NRK. Men i romjula i fjor, over noen akevitt, utviklet de ideen videre til i år.

— Det var veldig mer komplisert å skrive «Merry Christmas», men vi ville nå ut til flere, sier Hagen.

Etter tørrtrening på flere jorder, fast-kjøring i en myr og en havarert drone satte de for 14 dager siden kursen mot Hagens seter, hvor hilsenen «Merry Christmas» ble skrevet.

— Vi var enormt heldige med været, og

Julehilsen «skrevet» med traktor går verden rundt

Håkon LetVik

Aftenposten

En bonde i Gud-brandsdalen brukte traktoren, en drone og et snøfylt jorde til å ønske god jul

English synopsis: A farmer in the Gudbrand Valley used a tractor, a drone, and a field of snow to wish everyone around the world “Merry Christmas.” Last year he reached 150,000 Norwegians with “God Jul.”

marit koLberg, et.aL. NRK

English synopsis: A former Russian admiral believes that NATO is behind an attempt to obtain information about the Russian Navy, which led to the arrest of Norwegian Frode Berg. If convicted, the 62-year-old former border guard faces at least 10 years in prison.

Norsk pensjonistarrestert i Moskva

English synopsis: Graphic art prints are selling like never before in Norway. Graphic art has a long tradi-tion in Norway, going back to Edvard Munch, whose work is more popular than ever.

Kunstnere vil gjerne spike of tegne igjen

Grafikk selger som aldri før

tone Staude

NRK

Grafikk, eller trykt kunst, selger som al-dri før. Det er både kunststudenter, kunstnere og selgere enige om.

— Det er fint å bruke hendene, og den digitale kunsten har mistet nyhetens inter-esse, tror lærere, studenter og kunstnere.

Det er åpen dag på Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo, og på verkstedene for grafikk og tegn-ing er det yrende liv.

— Alle har liksom vokst opp med en Mac på magen, nå vil de gjerne spikke litt og tegne litt, sier Bror Mikkelborg, verksmester og høgskolelektor på avdeling for grafikk og tegning på Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo.

Han tror at de digitale teknikkene har tapt nyhetens interesse.

— Det som er så herlig er man kan lage ny kunst med gamle tradisjoner, sier svenske Viktor Johanströmmer, han blander foto med andre teknikker.

Lucía Cristerna Aragón fra Mexico, som

Russisk spionasjedrama

Foto: Vemund Hagen / aftenpostenJulehilsenen «Merry Christmas» fra grenda Sødorp i Vinstra i Gudbrandsdalen ble «skrevet» med trak-

tor, filmet med drone, og gikk verden rundt.

Foto: Tanya Makeyeva / aP Ifølge Frode Bergs advokat, sitter Berg fengslet i det tidligere FSB-styrte Lefortovo, skriver VG.

ha gitt Berg i oppdrag å spionere.— Det virker urimelig at norske myn-

digheter skulle bruke en person med militær grad som spion, sier Yggeseth til NRK.

Berg jobbet ved grensekommissariatet i Sør-Varanger i 25 år fram til 2014. Han har i flere år vært sterkt engasjert i norsk­russisk samarbeid.

Nordmannen er varetektsfengslet med grunnlag i paragraf 276 i den russiske straffeloven, bekrefter Lefortovo-domstolen. Den omhandler spionasje, og har en minstes-traff på 10 år.

Det var lokalavisen Dølen som først bragte nyheten om den spesielle måten å sende julehilsen på.

Se > graFikk, side 21

This week in brief

Norwegian submarine generation shiftA generation shift is underway in the Norwegian submarine fleet. The fleet of Ula-class boats have been in operation for nearly 30 years. After its last upgrading, the last boat of that class, the Uthaug, was launched Oct. 31, from a submarine pen at Laksevåg in Bergen, on Norway’s west coast.

Norway and Germany have now initiated a joint program for a shift to a newer class of submarine, the 212A, built in Germany by ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems, with missile systems made in Norway. The formal contracting of an in-vestment of NOK 41 billion ($4.9 billion) for four new submarines will take place in 2019, and in the 2020s the new boats will be phased into the fleet, replacing the Ula-class boats. (Michael Brady)

Norway may have new government by January, four months after electionLeaders of the conservative parties in Norway will begin negotiations over the makeup of the new coalition government on Jan. 2, according to a report.

Prime Minister Erna Solberg will meet with Siv Jensen, leader of Frem-skrittspartiet (Progress), and Trine Skei Grande of Venstre (Liberal), reports newspaper VG.

Kristelig Folkeparti (the Christian Democrats) will not be part of the talks, having confirmed following the Sept. 11 election that it would not join the same coalition as the populist Progress Party, citing major policy differences.

The three parties hope that the sec-ond Solberg-led government could be formally announced by the third week of the new year, writes VG. That makes Fri-day, Jan. 19, a likely date for announce-ment of the new government.

The Liberals, who were last included in the government from 2001-2005, hope to be given four minister positions in the new coalition, according to VG’s report. (The Local)

Norwegian resistance hero dies at 96Second World War resistance fighter Har-ry Sønsterød, who was part of the famous Osvald Group during the German occu-pation of Norway, died Dec. 19.

A film about Sønsterød’s exploits with the Osvald Group, entitled Sabo-

tøren og Kureren (The Saboteur and the Courier), was released earlier this year in Norway, showing how the resistance fighter broke into Nazi headquarters in Tønsberg on May 16, 1944, destroying both the building and archives stored there by the occupying authorities.

Norwegian actor Kenneth Berg played Sønsterød in the film.

The 96-year-old Sønsterød gave an interview to newspaper Budstikka in con-nection with the release of the film. “I had to demonstrate some fighting techniques for the man that was playing me. I have a lot of experience with close combat, so I haven’t forgotten the techniques,” he said.

The Osvald Group was Norway’s most active resistance movement during WWII, carrying out hundreds of sabotage missions against German infrastructure, war industry, and troops.(The Local)

On Dec. 12, the North Atlantic Council announced an extension of Secretary Gener-al Jens Stoltenberg’s mandate by two years, so he will serve the North Atlantic Treaty Or-ganization (NATO) until Sep. 30, 2020.

Stoltenberg entered politics early; at age 14 in 1959, he joined Arbeiderpartiet (the Labor Party) youth organization and rose to become its leader in 1985. He was elected to Stortinget (Parliament) in 1989. In 2000, at age 41, he became Norway’s youngest-ever prime minister.

As the NATO Secretary General, Stol-tenberg now warns those who think that Europe can manage without the European Union (EU) and NATO. He points to EU, NATO, and the United Nations having been decisive in ensuring the longest period of peace in modern European history, a blessing that can continue only if these organizations remain strong and renew themselves.

Stoltenberg stays

Photo: Joerg koch / Munich security Conf.Jens Stoltenberg arriving at the 51st Munich Se-

curity Conference in 2015.

Santa tops Norwegian sea cliffTrekkers take 20-foot inflatable Santa up Hornelen

Norwegian Jens Stoltenberg reappointed NATO Secretary General

An inflatable Santa has been given a unique airing at the top of the Hornelen mountain in Norway’s Nordfjord region.

The 2,800-foor Hornelen, which forms the eastern tip of the Bremangerlandet island in Sogn og Fjordane county, is considered Europe’s highest sea cliff.

Hornelen was formerly used as a navi-gation point for passing ships. Anyone tak-ing a look at it on Dec. 16 would have seen a surprise seasonal visitor: a giant inflatable Santa.

“We are tired and have certainly worked to get that Santa to the top,” Jan Fredrik Fosse, one of four trekkers who hauled the Father Christmas to the peak, told broad-caster NRK.

The feat is the culmination of a challenge made to the group by a friend of Fosse’s after the Santa was secretly inflated in front of his house. The friend, Harry Gulestøl, became the target of the group’s prank given his usu-al reticence to decorate his house with con-spicuous Christmas decorations, newspaper VG reported earlier this month.

“We’ll have to think of how to get them

Photo: svenn Petter kjerpeset / The localThe Santa was carried up the cliff by Jan Fredrik Fosse, Leni Marie Lisæter, Jannike Brenden Frøyen, and Svenn Petter Kjerpeset.

3,000-year-old graves found under new E6 highway in Melhus

Bronze Age graves found

See > graVEs, page 6

Bronze Age graves are rare in Norway. Now 3,000-year-old graves in good condition have been discovered in Trøndelag County.

Archaeologists from the NTNU Univer-sity Museum made the gravesite discovery at Sandbrauta in Melhus municipality. They’re working on the site in connection with the planned construction of the new E6 highway between the towns of Melhus and Ulsberg.

Well-preserved gravesThree smaller stone chambers typical

of the period lie to the side of a larger stone ring. The stone ring is part of a burial mound that contains numerous graves.

Local conditions have preserved the site remarkably well. Up to 6.5 feet of clay from a landslide covered the area. The clay settled like a lid over the graves, sealing the site and keeping it in good condition. Plows hadn’t

back. They can’t do this without getting any-thing back,” Gulestøl told VG at the time.

That revenge turned into a challenge: carry Santa to the top of Hornelen—without using a sleigh. “I thought that this challenge would get the Santa out and about and would also give my friends a great Christmas-card picture,” Gulestøl told the newspaper.

As well as the outsized air Santa, the group also carried a motorcycle battery, sev-eral air pumps and a Norwegian flag up the slopes of the island to complete the stunt.

The group reached the top at around 2

p.m. on Dec. 16.“We had to accept the challenge. It

turned into quite the trip,” Fosse told VG.Gulestøl was happy to see the Santa re-

turned to his front yard, according to Fosse. “He was certainly terrified it would be dam-aged during the trip. Now it is standing safely in his yard again, so we’ll see whether there are any more expeditions before Christ-mas. Now we are done, but you never know whether there’ll be a new Santa expedition,” he told VG.

This issue’s news from Norway is brought to you through a partnership with:

www.thelocal.no

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 3News

Further reading: “Denne uken har NATO landene skrytt uhemmet av Stoltenberg. Selv tror han de beste årene kommer nå” (This week the NATO countries openly praised Stoltenberg. He believes the best years now lie ahead) by Øystein Kløvstad Langberg, Aftenposten: www.aftenposten.no/verden/i/4dq5OE/Denne-uken-har-NATO-landene-skrytt-uhemmet-av-Stoltenberg-Selv-tror-han-de-beste-arene-kommer-na (Norwe-gian).

tHe LocaL

m. micHaeL brady

Asker, Norway

Steinar brandSLet

Gemini Research News

A new Harber for HurtigrutenCruise-industry veteran to lead Hurtigruten’s expansion in the world’s largest cruise market

Photo courtesy of Hurtigruten William Harber, new President for the Americas of Hurtigruten.

theNorwegiaNamerican4 • December 29, 2017

BusinessBusiness News & Notes

Norwegian expands long-haul network with flights from USOn Dec. 14, Norwegian announced further expansion of its long-haul networks with four new routes between Europe and the United States: JFK and Los Angeles to Ma-drid; JFK to Amsterdam; and Los Angeles to Milan. Norwegian now offers 61 nonstop transatlantic routes between the U.S. and Europe.

Norwegian will open its fourth Ameri-can crew base with 150 cabin crewmembers during the first quarter of 2018.

Norwegian CEO Bjørn Kjos said: “2017 has been a year of exponential growth for Norwegian in Europe and the United States. Next year, we will continue our long-haul expansion by offering passengers easy and affordable connections between the U.S. and some of Europe’s most exciting cities.”

Economy launch fares to Amsterdam and Madrid from New York City start as low as $199 and $229 one-way, respectively, including taxes; fares from Los Angeles to both Madrid and Milan start from $229 one-way, including taxes.

Overall, Norwegian now offers 61 transatlantic flights from 13 U.S. airports.(Norwegian Air)

Statoil acquires 25% of the Roncador field in BrazilStatoil ASA and Petróleo Brasileiro S.A. have agreed that Statoil will acquire a 25 percent interest in Roncador, a large oil field in the Campos Basin in Brazil. The transaction nearly triples Statoil’s produc-tion in Brazil. The total consideration com-prises an initial payment of $2.35 billion, plus additional contingent payments of up to $550 million.

Roncador was the largest discovery offshore Brazil in the 1990s and is the third­largest producing field in Petrobras’ portfolio with around 10 billion barrels of oil equivalent (boe) in place and an expect-ed remaining recoverable volume of more than 1 billion boe.

Petrobras and Statoil are partners in 13 areas in either the exploration or produc-tion phase.

This marks an important next step in developing Statoil’s position in the Bra-zilian natural-gas market, which is on the verge of major transformation. Statoil has more than 35 years of experience in build-ing gas value chains, as the second largest natural-gas supplier in Europe.(Norsk Hydro ASA)

Hurtigruten

Tromsø, Norway

Hurtigruten, the world leader in explo-ration travel, has appointed William Harber as President for the Americas, based in its Seattle regional headquarters. He will relo-cate from Hong Kong and be responsible for Hurtigruten’s commercial-growth strategy in collaboration with the company’s senior leadership team.

“Building on nearly 125 years of Nor-wegian polar pioneering know-how and history, Hurtigruten is revolutionizing the global adventure travel industry through new state-of-the-art hybrid expedition vessels and trailblazing itineraries. We are strongly com-mitted to offering the Americas the world’s safest, greenest, and most adventurous expe-dition voyages. I am confident William Har-ber is the right person to establish our pre-mium offering as a first choice of adventure travel for the modern American explorer,” said Hurtigruten CEO Daniel Skjeldam.

For Hurtigruten, Harber is charged with driving sales and profitability across the United States, Canada, and Central and South America. He will broaden and deepen key travel agent relationships and open new channels for growth. He’s also tasked with increasing market share by ensuring effec-tive brand positioning and driving sales, marketing, and communication strategies.

“I’m honored Hurtigruten has tapped me for this position and trust the many ex-periences I’ve gained in Asia and in my career in the cruise industry will serve me well in the role. It’s an exciting opportunity for growth at such an authentic and storied brand,” added Harber. Harber’s successor in Asia­Pacific will be named after a brief tran-sition period.

William Harber has more than 20 years of experience, including 13 in the cruise in-dustry. He was most recently Hurtigruten’s President for China and Asia­Pacific, suc-cessfully establishing the company’s re-gional headquarters and striking a strategic partnership with Fliggy, Alibaba’s travel brand. He has served as Senior Vice Presi-dent & Managing Director Asia for Nor-wegian Cruise Line Holdings and as Vice President, Market Development for Carni-val Asia. In 2011, Harber was promoted to Vice President, Carnival Corporate Market-

ing, working globally across their 10 cruise brands. Harber originally joined Carnival’s Miami headquarters in 2004 as a member of the Shared Services team.

Earlier in his career, Harber was a man-agement consultant at A.T. Kearney and Di-rector of Product Marketing for a technology start up. He earned his MBA in Marketing Strategy from Emory University’s Goizu-eta Business School and graduated from the Georgia Institute of Technology with a bachelor’s degree in Industrial and Systems Engineering.

Harber succeeds Gordon Dirker, who opened Hurtigruten’s Americas headquarters in Seattle and set the groundwork to further expand the brand.

Hurtigruten offers products for the modern adventurer seeking one-of-a-kind experienc-

es in pristine destinations. The largest player in both Poles, its voyages include Norway, Iceland, Greenland, Svalbard, Arctic Cana-

da, and the Northwest Passage, as well as South America and Antarctica. The Hurti-gruten fleet consists of 14 expedition ships. Two new ships, the MS Roald Amundsen and

the MS Fridtjof Nansen, are to be delivered

in 2018 and 2019. They will be the world’s first hybrid battery-powered cruise ships. More info: www.hurtigruten.us.

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Exchange Rates

WinnersName NOK Change

Polarcus 1,27 28,28%

SeaBird Exploration 0,26 8,33%

Link Mobility Group 142,00 7,98%

Thin Film Electronics 2,42 5,22%

Asetek 97,00 4,30%

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I.M. Skaugen 2,00 -4,76%

Oslo Børs: Week at a Glance

(Dec. 22, 2017)

Norsk Kr. 8.3260

Dansk Kr. 6.2779

Svensk Kr. 8.3393

Islandsk Kr. 106.02

Canadian $ 1.2734

Euro 0.8436 For detailed information about the Oslo Børs, visit www.dn.no.

Starting a business today is easier and cheaper than it has ever been before. With access to reasonably priced technology plat-forms with increasing functionality in a user-friendly format, an entrepreneur can oper-ate a business from any location around the world from his or her mobile device using cloud-based technology. At Cornell Univer-sity, I teach a class called HADM 4180/6180: Technology for Bootstrapped Entrepreneur-ship. This course prepares those with en-trepreneurial intentions through a process of identifying, evaluating, and designing cloud-based technology to enhance service delivery in either a for­profit or non­profit venture using a bootstrapped approach. Each semester, we cover different tools available on the market from Grasshopper (virtual phone system) to Salesforce (customer re-lationship management) to Square (payment processing). This semester, we have focused on some recommendations for the startup entrepreneur where you can get the most functionality and quality for the cost for the organization of the business. These recom-mendations include GSuite, SmartSheet, Skype, Zoom, and Instagram.

All of these five systems fill a key area of business necessity and assist in smoother business operations and both internal and external communications. All of these tools allow employees and customers to commu-nicate smoothly. Skype and Zoom support remote employees through different chat and video-conferencing options. Skype is often used in Norway and around the world as a communication tool. For those on the Skype network, calls are free. Zoom provides video conferencing support with a tremen-dous number of features, making it useful for trainings, client calls, and collaborative editing. Instagram supports communication and brand representation through a popular social media platform. Smartsheet allows for strong project-management processes, docu-ment storage, and internal collaboration. Gsuite provides email access and a host of apps for communication and efficiency in the business. The combination and integration of these tools builds a strong support system for any business. It is also imperative to high-light the ease of use, cost­friendliness, flex-

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 5Business

Mona Anita K. Olsen is an assistant professor at the

School of Hotel Adminis-

tration in the Cornell SC Johnson College of Busi-ness in Ithaca, N.Y. She is also the founder of Innova-

tion Barn 58N6E and the 501c3 iMADdu (I make a difference, do you?) Inc.

Bootstrapped tech helps startupsInexpensive cloud-based platforms make business easier for the mobile entrepreneur

mona anita k. oLSen, PHd & cHarity karanja

Cornell University

ibility, and productivity that each of these vendors provides.

The primary goal of any business is their main operational function. A consulting firm is focused on assisting its clients in accom-plishing their goals, such as increasing ef-ficiency. A clothing company is focused on designing different clothing items and distrib-uting them for sale to clients and vendors. The common denominator, however, is the need for a strong link between people, process, and technology. Today, this tech backbone con-sists of primarily cloud-based systems. Incor-porating cloud-based systems into a business enables mobility and flexibility not only for the business but also for the employees. It is crucial entrepreneurs grasp the simplicity of this process and understand the ease in which they can incorporate these systems into their daily business operations.

Despite the necessity of a strong tech-

business is key. Flexibility is another critical aspect of

all of these systems. Each vendor offers a va-riety of products and packages to consumers. Business of varying sizes with varying needs can tailor their technology specifically to them. This flexibility also allows for a more efficient bootstrapped budget. There is no need to pay for additional, frivolous expens-es that do not directly benefit the business in its startup phase. Finally, these tools are accessible via the web or a mobile app and have strong support databases and customer-service teams.

To learn more about technology tools for small business, there are a variety of re-sources to take advantage of. Cornell rou-tinely offers massive open online courses (MOOCs) and small-private online courses (SPOCs) to the public on various topics, in-cluding technology and entrepreneurship. Cornell MOOCs, for example, are hosted on the edX platform and available at no cost. IBM offers courses to the public through CognitiveClass.ai. These courses are also offered at no cost, and you can take the courses on a timeline and speed that suits your interests. Courses are offered at a vari-ety of levels, from beginner to advanced, and cover topics from an overview of big data to blockchain basics to data journalism. Fi-nally, Founderkit is a resource that provides reviews and advice from leading founders on a variety of different tools for entrepreneurs on the market.

Photo: Mona anita k. Olsen Cornell University offers massive open online courses for small businesses at no cost through its edX platform.

support system, many fear the incorporation of cloud-based tools. On the other end of the spectrum, some incorporate too many tools, because they are fixated on the hype around them. It is critical to emphasize that these tools are not just tech for tech’s sake; they all fill a critical need for the business and enable it to operate more efficiently. Realizing the minimalistic aspect of technology in a new

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gone deep enough to disturb anything.Landowner Oddvar Narve Langørgen

was shocked by the findings. “I had no clue that anything like this was here,” he said.

Bones and charcoalAccording to the museum, the find rep-

resents an invaluable source of knowledge of the Bronze Age’s burial traditions in central Norway. “We found charcoal and burned bones in the graves,” says Project Manager Merete Moe Henriksen.

The custom seems to have been to burn the dead before they were laid in the graves. Remains may have been placed in material that decomposed over the 3,000 years.

site mapping“It’s incredibly exciting,” said Anne-

Lise Bratsberg, who is an adviser and project manager for Nye Veier AS (New Roads Ltd), which is responsible for planning, construc-tion, operation, and maintenance of major highways in Norway.

Museum Director Reidar Andersen praises Nye Veier and commends the cooper-ation between the builders and the museum. Andersen hopes that some of the discoveries from the site will be exhibited at a later date.

The survey area is being mapped using photogrammetry, so that the archaeologists end up with a detailed 3-D map.

Other exciting discoveriesClose to the burial mound, the museum

found part of a rock slab with indented fig-ures, shaped like bowl depressions and a foot. The archaeologists believe the slab may have been part of a burial chamber in the mound.

A casting mold for bronze ax heads was found on the same site. It may have been de-posited as grave goods, but might also show that casting of bronze objects took place in the region. The mold may have been used to cast ax heads of the same type as were dis-covered at Hegra in Stjørdal municipality earlier this year. It’s conceivable that there may have been contact between Stjørdal and Melhus—25 miles apart as the crow flies—in prehistoric times.

Both the carvings on the rock and on the mold suggest that the gravesite was probably used in the late Nordic Bronze Age, between 1100 and 500 BC.

This dating makes it the oldest burial site discovered to date in Melhus municipal-ity, and one of the oldest in central Norway. Several other interesting finds have been made nearby.

theNorwegiaNamerican6 • December 29, 2017

Opinion

Arctic oil exploration meets civil society

The opinions expressed by opinion writers featured in “On the Edge” are not necessarily those of The Norwegian American, and our publication of those views is not an

endorsement of them. Comments, suggestions, and complaints about the opinions expressed by the paper’s editorials should be directed to the editor.

Norway and the United States

Join the conversation!

On the EDGE

The Norwegian government has been taken to court by climate activists. The lawsuit is grounded in the claim that the government’s decision to permit oil exploration in the Arctic infringes on the Norwegian constitution in endangering the lives of current and future genera-tions, in addition to working against the Paris Agreement. This lawsuit is the first of its kind in testing the content of con-stitutional rights encapsulated in Article 112 of the Norwegian constitution. The verdict of this climate lawsuit could have far-reaching consequences. A victory for the climate activists with Greenpeace Norway in front may inspire other groups across the world to follow suit, and in either outcome, the verdict will give an idea of how committed Norway is to re-ducing impact on climate change.

The Greenpeace v. Norway legal case takes issue with possible conse-quences for the climate. Several climate-change litigations have sprung up in the past decade and have been centered on in-adequate policies, such as cases in South Africa, New Zealand, and the United States. In 2015, for example, the climate liability suit resulted in a court order-ing the Dutch government to cut carbon emissions by a minimum of 25 percent by 2020. The number of climate-change laws and policies across the world has sharply increased since the late 1990s. In many of these cases, the right to a clean or healthy environment is constitutional, writes The Economist. Greenpeace v. Norway will test Norwegian Royal Con-stitution Article 112, which states that:

“Everyone has the right to an envi-ronment that safeguards their health and to nature where production ability and diversity are preserved. Natural resourc-es must be managed from a long-term and versatile consideration which also

Photo: Will rose / greenpeace / reutersGreenpeace activists hold banners during a protest next to Statoil’s Songa Enabler oil rig in the Barents Sea, Norway, July 2017.

upholds this right for future generations” (trans: The Guardian).

This legal action was made possible by the amendment made to the law in 2014, wherein upholding and maintaining a healthy, productive, and diverse environ-ment was changed from being merely a suggestion to now being an obligation. The hearings commenced on Nov. 14, 2017, and ended on Nov. 23, 2017, while the verdict is expected in January 2018.

This people-powered lawsuit is spear-headed by Greenpeace Norway but also driv-en forward by Nature and Youth, Grandpar-ents Climate Action, Spire, and other climate activists including private citizens, indig-enous activists, and various organizations. In 2016, Norway signed the Paris Agreement and pledged to become climate neutral by 2030, which earned Norway praise interna-tionally as a green role model. Yet, contrary to these environmentally minded actions, the Norwegian government distributed licenses for oil exploration in the Barents Sea. The Arctic areas in question have so far remained untouched by the oil and gas industry, be-cause the ecosystems inhabiting these areas

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are sensitive and very fragile.The Norwegian state argues that Ar-

ticle 112 does not provide any real rights to “a safe environment,” nor that the state is obliged to secure such rights. In court, the state claimed that Article 112 only gives the right to implement environmen-tal policies, and that it does not limit the environmentally harmful measures politi-cians may approve and adopt.

A recent video of a starving po-lar bear went viral and shocked people around the world as it made its way through the mass media. National Geo-

graphic writes that the photographer Paul Nicklen intended to share a more impor-

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 7Opinion

Letters to the Editor

Write to us at The Norwegian American, Letter to the Editor, 17713 15th Ave NE, #205, Shoreline, WA 98155, or email us at naw@na-weekly.com, subject line

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NA notesChanges at The NA

Continuing with our introduc-tions of new team members, today I want you to “meet” Michael Kleiner.

You’ve seen his name before on stories about the NACC, book reviews, and even reprinted excerpts from his memoir, Beyond the Cold.

Now he’s on board as Edi-tor of our Sports and Business sections. Michael is off and running in his role as Sports Editor particularly, already gathering content we’ll use around the upcoming Winter Olympics. I know I can’t wait to see what he comes up with!

Happy New Year!

2017 was a tough year for a lot of us, and at The NA, as always, a year of changes. We are hopeful looking into 2018, and we wish you a wonderfully godt nyttår. Isn’t a new year a lovely blank slate?

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tant message about how a warming climate has deadly consequences by telling a story about one polar bear. According to the Unit-ed Nations Environmental Program (UNEP), the “the predicted 2030 emissions will, even if the Paris pledges are fully implemented, place the world on track for a temperature rise of 2.9 to 3.4 degrees this century,” which exemplifies why exactly this Greenpeace v. Norway court case is so important to climate activists, not just in Norway and the Arctic but also across the globe. Greenpeace main-tains that far more oil, coal, and gas has been discovered than can be burned within safe limits for the climate. Despite this, Norway has handed out licenses to escalate this trend. Emissions are increasing rather than decreas-ing in as oil nations continue the search for more black gold. Not only polar bears will be impacted if this trend continues.

Legal cases such as Greenpeace v. Nor-way are important stepping stones for envi-ronment and climate action. When govern-ments fall through on addressing major is-sues at hand, civil society can rise up and courts are given the stage to check on policy-making in the political climate.

Further reading: • “New Green advocates: Climate­change

lawsuits.” The Economist: www.economist.com/news/international/21730881-global-warming-increasingly-being-fought-court-room-climate-change-lawsuits.

• Kongeriket Norges Grunnlov: lovdata.no/dokument/NL/lov/1814-05-17 (Norwe-gian).

• “Norway sued over Arctic oil explora-tion plans” by Tone Sutterud & Elisabeth Ul-ven. The Guardian: www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/nov/14/norway-sued-over-arctic-oil-exploration-plans.

• “Heart­wrenching video shows starv-ing polar bear on iceless land,” by Sarah Gibbens. National Geographic: news.na-tionalgeographic.com/2017/12/polar-bear-starving-arctic-sea-ice-melt-climate-change-spd.

• “World must urgently up action to cut a further 25% from predicted 2030 emissions, says UN Environment report.” United Na-tions Environment Program (UNEP): web.unep.org/emissionsgap.

theNorwegiaNamerican8 • December 29, 2017

Sports

After their 4-2 loss against the Washing-ton Capitals on Dec. 8, the New York Rang-ers were ready to strike back when they host-ed their neighbors from across the Hudson River, the New Jersey Devils, the following night in Madison Square Garden.

Jimmy Vesey opened the scoring for the Rangers with the only goal in the first period. Jesper Fast increased the lead half-way through the second period. Shortly be-fore that, Norwegian native Mats Zuccarello, a right wing, saved a goal on the other end of the ice as the Devils came within inches of tying the score. Brian Gibbons’s shot got through goalie Henrik Lundqvist, but Zucca-rello was able to swipe the puck out of the crease before it rolled across the goal line. Damon Severson opened the scoring for the Devils four minutes later.

The score was 2-1, Rangers, in the sec-ond period when Zuccarello scored his first goal of the night. He stole the puck from the Devils’ Severson and was suddenly one-on-one against goalie Keith Kinkaid. Zuccarello made no mistakes.

Zuccarello, or “Zuc,” as he is known in Madison Square Garden, made the score 4-1 with a goal in the third period after a nice passing combination with J.T. Miller.

“Every game right now is a big game,” Zuccarello said after the match. “It’s a tight race. The race has started, even though we’re in December. It’s a tough division and you need every point you can get.”

Zuc kept the Rangers streak going with an assist in a 4-2 victory over Los Angeles on Dec. 15, and the next night scored the win-ning goal on a power play in overtime in a 3-2 win over Boston. Since 2015-16, 45 of Zuccarello’s 49 goals have been when the Rangers have led by one goal, trailed by one goal, or were tied.

Through Dec. 16, Zuccarello, with eight goals, 19 assists, and 27 points, was in a nine-way tie for 43rd in points in the Na-tional Hockey League. He led the Rangers in points and was tied in assists and had a +/- of +4. The Rangers have won 14 of their last 20 games, after starting their season in terrible form, losing nine out of their first 13 games. They are now tied for fourth in the competitive Metropolitan Division with the New York Islanders, in a wild-card playoff spot and four points behind first­place Wash-ington.

Star goalie Henrik Lundqvist underlined the importance of not resting on one’s laurels. “We can’t let ourselves relax; we have to push on. The way the league is this year, it will be incredibly tight. We have to look forward, but it has been a good couple of weeks,” he said

Most Norwegian hockey fans would have loved to see Zuccarello, who’s an al-

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Zuc powers NY Ranger resurgenceNorwegian Mats Zuccarello is a leading scorer for the New York hockey team

jo cHriStian WeLdingH

Oslo, Norway

Photos courtesy of the New York rangersMats Zuccarello, or “Zuc,” is the eighth Norwegian to play in the National Hockey League and the most successful, with the most career goals, assists, points, and games played by a Norwegian in NHL history.

ternate captain for the Rangers, put on the Norwegian jersey during the 2018 Olympics, but the NHL has stated that they will not take a season break during the Olympics, which means most of the national teams will lack their top players. Zuccarello, who’s probably the best Norwegian offensive player, would have made a huge difference on a squad that, if they’re lucky, and play up to their full po-tential, might have a chance of advancing from the group stage.

Mats André Zuccarello Aasen, 30, is the eighth Norwegian to play in the NHL and the most successful.

He was the first Norwegian to play in a Stanley Cup Finals in 2013-14. That was a breakout season for Zuccarello, who led New York with 59 points on 19 goals and 40 as-sists in 77 games. He added five goals, eight assists, and 13 points in 25 playoff games. His best season was 2015-16 when he had 61

points from 25 goals and 36 assists. He also had 59 points last year with 15 goals and 44 assists. He has a career +/- of 62. Zuc has the most career goals, assists, points, and games played by a Norwegian player in NHL his-tory.

Before joining the NHL, he played for Modo Hockey in the Swedish Elite League. In 2010, he won the Guldhjälmen (Golden Helmet), awarded annually to the most valu-able player in the Swedish Hockey League, with a league-high 64 points. He played for Norway in the 2010 Winter Olympics, pick-ing up a goal, two assists, and three points in four games.

Jo Christian Weldingh grew up in Lilleham-

mer, Norway, and lives in Oslo. He has a bachelor’s degree in archaeology from the University of Oslo and a bachelor’s degree in business administration from BI Norwegian

Mats Zuccarello career stats with New York Rangers (Through Dec. 16)

Season Games Goals Assists Points +/- Played

2010-11 42 6 17 23 32011-12 10 2 1 3 02012-13 15 3 5 8 102013-14 77 19 40 59 112014-15 78 15 34 49 172015-16 81 26 35 61 22016-17 80 15 44 59 152017-18 33 8 19 27 4Career 416 94 195 289 62

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theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 9Sports

Swimming: Hvas sets Norwegian recordSeventeen-year-old Tomoe Zenimoto Hvas swam in with the third best time in the 200-meter medley prelims in Copenhagen, Denmark, on Dec. 15. He set a new Norwe-gian record with a time of 1:53.08, one and a half seconds better than his previous record.(NRK)

Paralympics Skiing: World Cup Series victory goes to Saltvik PedersenJesper Saltvik Pedersen took first place in his very first World Cup Series competition in Kühtai, Austria, on Dec. 19. He won five seconds ahead of his closest rival, moving up as one of Norway’s biggest contenders for a medal in the March 2018 Paralympics.

“It’s my goal to be an Olympic cham-pion,” he said.(NRK)

Alpine Ski Jumping: Lundby wins in GermanyMaren Lundby took the lead with a 105-me-ter jump after the first round at the Dec. 17 World Cup competition in Hinterzarten, Germany. Although she was unable to match this distance in the second round, it was a victory for the Norwegian from Toten. She landed at 102 meters, scoring 269.1 points in a runaway win, ahead of Katharina Althaus (Germany) in second place.

“I was nervous for the entire day. It’s great to pull off two good jumps,” said Lund by. (NRK)

Nordic Combined Skiing: Three-streak win for KokslienMikko Kokslien won three runs in a row in the Nordic combined that took place on the Dec. 16-17 weekend in Steamboat Springs, Colo. With three victories in a row, he takes a commanding lead in the Continental Cup, reports the Norwegian News Agency.(NRK)

Handball: Norway loses to FranceFrance took the women’s handball world title from Norway with a 23-21 victory in the Dec. 16 final in Hamburg, Germany. The game went back and forth a few times, with the final goal scored with 20 seconds remaining.

France fought Norway for the title twice before, in 1999 and 2011, and finally suceed-ed this time.(Staff)

Sports News & Notes

Skiing is a game of secondsClosing the Gap:

It was a typically frigid day of January ski racing in Thunder Bay, Canada. Halfway through the A­final of the Ontario Cup U16 classic sprint, I was already far behind the leaders, Tony Gunka and Ryan Jackson. The previous day I had won the distance classic race, my first ever “O­Cup” medal, finishing only three seconds ahead of Ryan, and now my expectations were higher than ever. The margin between us in the qualifier that morn-ing? Three seconds.

Swinging around a fast corner into the last big climb of the race, already out of con-tention for the win, I looked at the ground in front of me and just skied as hard as I could. As I crested the hill, I suddenly noticed that I had caught Ryan and Tony and was drop-ping them. Elated by the empty track ahead, I double poled as hard as I could.

Suddenly, Ryan and I were neck and neck again. Side by side, neither of us able to see, just focusing on slamming those poles down. We remained stubborn until the fin-ish, with Ryan pulling in front right before the line. The remainder of the season con-tinued in much the same way, and strangely the margin between Ryan and me in most of our races, no matter the distance, was three seconds.

Since that year, Ryan and I have been close friends and competitors, even room-mates for a year. On Sept. 15, Ryan joined me here in Norway, where we begin our lat-est venture to see how fast we can become.

Ryan arrived in the middle of my second testing week with Team Asker, where I was happy to achieve new personal bests in the uphill running test, skate time trial, and the double­pole sprint qualifier.

Photo: anne Haarstad / FasterskierTeam Asker gather on the podium after winning the team competition at the Oslo Marathon 10K classic rollerski race on Sept. 16 in Oslo, Norway.

makS ZecHeL

Faster Skier

Testing week was highlighted by the re-placement of our regular uphill double-pole test with a 10-kilometer classic rollerski race in downtown Oslo, as a part of the Oslo Mar-athon race weekend. This qualification race was the most tactical rollerskiing race that I have ever competed in.

After a short night, we were out the door before 7 a.m. to take the train to Oslo for a 9 a.m. race start. The big stress that morning was how we would survive the race without suffering broken limbs or equipment. I had skied the course the weekend before with Team Asker, and in just that easy ski through the streets of Oslo, we broke three pole tips.

I thanked the ski gods for the perfect sunny day and dry pavement that the morn-ing had brought, as I outlined the obstacles of the race for Ryan. In typical skier fashion, we complained a lot about the race condi-tions until the race started, the field spread out, and it ended up being surprisingly easy for most people to stay on their feet. Our team raced well, and we won the team com-petition. I finished 18th, 1:45 minutes behind the winner.

How do I react to these results? I fin-ished 19 seconds behind the winner in the qualification race and 1:45 back in the Oslo Marathon, both against world-class competi-tion. On the outside, these margins seem like nothing, but in reality they represent a mas-sive gap between where I am now and where I hope to be in the coming years. It is easy to dismiss seconds as being irrelevant, but these seconds mean everything in the winter. If I am unwilling to fight for those seconds now, then the winter’s results will reflect that. My fight for seconds has to be taken to

every interval session and time trial and become a mantra taken into race season.

It may not be such a big gap now, but come winter, this game of seconds will become a real-life battle for minutes. For Ryan and me, this is nothing new, but now the stage is bigger than ever before. To come three seconds behind the other will mean 10 spots on the results sheet. It is a daunting reality for any skier, but I am lucky to have a friend from home to pursue these challenges with. In a for-eign place, teammates and friends are more than just people to hang out with—they’re family.

Maks Zechel is a competitive cross-coun-

try skier who secretly wants to become a professional mile runner. He loves hiking and going on canoe trips with his fam-

ily, as well as peanut butter cups in ice cream. Johan Olsson is his favorite skier, and he hopes to race the Cortina-Toblach stage of the Tour de Ski one day. Follow him on Instagram @makszechel.

This article was originally published on Faster Skier. View the complete post at fasterskier.com/fsarticle/closing-gap-game-seconds.

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theNorwegiaNamerican10 • December 29, 2017

See > ExilE air, page 19

Exile Air tells the story of Little NorwayBook review:

Books

barbara k. roStad

Coeur d’Alene, Idaho

Barbara Rostad, a North Dakota Norwegian, has

been writing for The Nor-wegian American since

2014. A versatile writer with degrees in journalism and sociology plus teach-

ing experience in sociology, English, and speech, Barbara has published ar-ticles and poems, edited newsletters, compiled a book about Ski for Light, and received writing awards from Idaho Writer’s League. A 45-year member of Sons of Norway, she’s often both newsletter editor and cultural director.

“We Norwegians who are present have no more homes—our dear ones whom we left behind in Norway live under tyrants. But we stand here today resolved to play our part in liberating Norway” (p. 13). These stirring words were spoken Nov. 10, 1940, by Maj. Gen. William Steffens at the official opening of Camp “Little Norway” in Toronto, On-tario, Canada.

But even before Norway’s surrender to the Germans that June, negotiations were underway with Canada about establishing an air training program there. By September, an agreement was signed with the Toronto Har-bor Commissioners to use the Toronto Island Airport for flight training.

Little Norway opened in November with several hundred new recruits who wanted “to train as pilots, gunners, navigators, and air-craft mechanics, then return to Norway to defeat the German military forces that had invaded their country” (p. 13).

Many of these patriots had escaped Nor-way. Some were in Norway’s Merchant Ma-rine, ignoring Quisling’s demand to return to Norway and instead choosing to train for a new role. Other recruits were Norwegians living in Canada or the United States.

Exile Air: World War II’s “Little Nor-way” in Toronto and Muskoka, is easy to read. The 240-page soft-cover book by An-drea Baston features short chapters, numer-ous well-labeled photos, maps, and a time-line, plus a back section with detailed foot-notes, references, and an index.

It leads readers through the invasion of Norway, its 60-day war, and the June 10 sur-render to Germany. Later chapters continue with the establishment of a Canadian site to train Norwegians for air warfare as separate units in the United Kingdom’s Royal Air Force (RAF) and extend through D-Day,

V-J Day, and the closure of Little Norway. Finally, an epilogue describes the memorials established in honor of that remarkable ef-fort involving cooperation between Norway, Canada, the United Kingdom, their allies, and interested individuals everywhere.

The author modestly presents her book as relevant to the histories of both her native Canada and of Norway, but in truth it is also England’s history, as well as that of France and all Allied nations of World War II with far-reaching global threads, not only because the 1939­1945 conflict affected all the world at some macro level but also because this story includes the micro level of personal contributions from around the world. One example is the Norwegian coffee-plantation owner from Guatemala who not only con-tributed coffee to the cause at Little Norway but also donated a Fairchild aircraft to the Royal Norwegian Air Force (RNAF).

Author Andrea Baston does not have Norwegian heritage, but added in a telephone interview, “I wish that I did, especially the blonde hair part.” She is, however, Canadi-

an-born in the region where Little Norway had its second home, Muskoka.

Though her career as a lawyer honed her meticulous attention to detail, her first degree in English literature was also a boon when it came to tackling a book after retirement. Her initial effort focused on the first tuberculosis sanitarium in Canada, which happened to be in her hometown of Gravenhurst. A similar strategy of history enlivened by personal ac-counts was followed for that 2013 publica-tion as well. She is now at work on her third writing adventure but when asked about her subject, she demurred, saying, “It’s too soon to talk about it.”

Photographs and their editing was also conducted by a Gravenhurst native, Candis Jones, whose degrees in Fine Arts and Edu-cation prepared her for researching and se-lecting the dozens of pictures that accompa-ny Baston’s text. She too is retired and lives in Gravenhurst.

Both she and Baston attended school with some of the children of RNAF members who returned to Gravenhurst after the war. Candis has relatives linked to Little Norway, including her husband, Robert Olafson, son of a flight instructor there.

Interspersed throughout their book are personality profiles, such as those on John Stene, Rolf Hauge, and Rolf Kolling. Also described are the visits Crown Prince Olav and Crown Princess Märtha made to Little Norway. Noted too is Thor Heyerdahl of Kon-Tiki fame, who trained at Little Norway in 1942 as a radio officer and also Sonja He-nie’s stop there in 1944.

Numerous fascinating tidbits are scat-tered throughout such as:

• The existence of Norwegian Women’s Auxiliary Air Force

• The Norwegian Resistance stealing a truckload of ration cards as leverage with the Nazis about registering Norwegians age 18 to 25 for training to help fight Russians

• Espionage efforts known as “The Op-erational Egg”

• Wrestling with bears at Little Norway• The “Passion Train”• The “Shetland Bus”• 1,500 pairs of gingham curtains sewn

for Little Norway by Toronto NorwegiansBaston makes it apparent that, even in

the midst of a major war, there’s love and joy, hatred and tears, an intensified micro-cosm of life. Between bombing missions

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Yet central to this book is the process for developing Little Norway. The plan hatched by the UK and Norway was that after train-ing in Canada, distinctive Norwegian units would fight within the RAF and would be used strictly for the purposes of defending the UK or for regaining Norway.

At the start of Little Norway in Toronto, Norway had both Army and Navy Air Ser-vices, but shortly after training classes began there, King Haakon decreed that the two would merge to become one body, the Royal Norwegian Air Force.

A month later, the first Little Norway squadron departed for active duty, becoming 330 Norwegian Squadron of the British RAF. John Stene, whose wartime experiences are recounted throughout Exile Air, said of his bombing missions over both Germany and France, “We knew we were all volunteers and that we had taken on a job which had got to be finished and that in this game we were all ‘playing for keeps’” (p. 169-170).

In August 1942, Squadrons 331 and 332 took part in “Operation Jubilee” against the German-occupied port of Dieppe, France. “Three of the RNAF pilots received the Brit-ish Distinguished Flying Cross for their ac-tions over Dieppe” (p. 142). “You can with justice be proud of your boys” (p. 142), wrote a British RAF commander to NRAF’s commander-in-chief. In 1943, one of the Norwegian squadrons was named top-scor-ing Allied fighter in all of the British RAF.

But pride in the NRAF’s achievements was not limited to their combat record. For example, the first civilian­sponsored military

Photos courtesy of Old stone BooksRight: A soldier stands guard at Little Norway.Below: The base at Little Norway trained pilots, gunners, navigators, and aircraft mechanics, most of whom were Norwegian or Norwegian Ca-

nadian.

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 11

< glass From page 1

Arts & Entertainment

ver chain. The bottom piece had the most abstracted image, like a smeared finger-print or bloodstain, cleverly combining the Sámi experience in regards to the dominant culture, which tried to smear their identity through violence. I loved the way this piece was hung so that a silhouetted reflection of the person’s face could be seen on the back wall—ghostlike, piercing your memory.

I have a passion for glassmakers and their works, but I have never seen this art form married with a social message in this way. And that is what makes Colbengtson’s work even more layered and powerful. I wanted to see more.

Through Rebecca Rader from the gal-lery, I was able to get in touch with Col-bengtson. The interview with the artist can be read below.

Victoria Hofmo: Can you speak a little about where you are from and your youth?Tomas Colbengtson: I was born and raised in Björkvattnet, a small Sámi village in Tärna, under the polar circle in the northern part of Sweden, close to the Norway border. In fact, my surname is Norwegian Sámi, meaning “black legs.” My mother’s fam-ily is Sámi from the Tärna area; Vaapsten is the Sámi reindeer herder village name. My grandfather had reindeer, but my family was forbidden to work with reindeer herd-ing about 70 years ago due to conflict with forced Sámi migration from the very north of Sweden. The forced migration was caused by the closing of borders between Sweden and Norway.

But otherwise I was trained in every-day living as a Sámi, including fishing and hunting. We had a small farm and traditional Sámi crafts. In fact, I see this as my first training with art.

I was at some point planning to continue working with professional Sámi craft but did find the Sámi craft traditions limiting my urge to express myself. However, I now base much of my art back to my early years of working with Sámi craft.

After the Sámi had been forbidden to practice their religion, language, reindeer

herding, and the annexation of their land and water, the Sámi crafts were the only thing that was not affected by governmental ban. And in these became an important carrier of the Sámi culture. A vessel that has traveled through time unchanged. This is what I re-flect on in my glass art.

VH: When and why did you decide to be-come an artist?TC: My mother language, South Sámi, was banned from speaking in school up until 1957. This made the South Sámi language almost extinct, and we South Sámi are now struggling to revitalize it. The children are our hope for the language, but it is also touching to see 80-year-old people trying to learn their childhood Sámi language.

I think this collective trauma was in fact the starting point for my urge to work with art. I have been working with art since I was 17 years old. And the flow never seems to stop; more just wants to come out.

VH: Have you always worked in glass?TC: Since the material is an important car-rier of meaning in art, I have always been fascinated by the material of glass. It is cold, hard, but at the same time fragile. I com-

Sámi artist Tomas Colbengtson presents Maadter Aahka exhibit in Brooklyn

bine photography in or on glass, similar to the early days of photography—a container of time. It has been a long struggle to learn the methods of transferring screenprint to overlaid glass and in the exhibition, enamel on glass. I would guess I have been working with glass as my medium for 25 years.

VH: Can you explain the process of how you fuse the images you choose to the glass?TC: I use screen printing as an image medi-um, working with different colored pigments that resist heat in different temperatures. The enamel is burned at a temperature around 1,000°F. Overlaid glass needs more heat-resistant pigments. And it’s a long process to find the right print medium. It feels like I have only started to research this field.

VH: How have people from the Sámi culture responded to your work? TC: I have gotten very good response from Sámi people in Sweden, Finland, and Nor-way since I am telling a forgotten and for-bidden history that is still affecting Sámi to a very high degree today. I have also been collaborating with Greenlandic, Inuit, and Ainu artists since the history and situations of indigenous people are often similar.

VH: From your website, I saw your planned exhibitions in 2018—from Sweden to Cana-da, Greenland, and even to Torshavn in the Faroe Islands. How have you been able to access such a wide breadth of places in the world to exhibit your work? TC: I have been working with art profes-sionals for 30 years and have always had the focus on indigenous culture. Today there seems to be a new global interest about the questions surrounding indigenous cultures. I am happy that people seem to find some-thing of importance in my art, and the good thing with art is that everybody has the right to interpret the artwork. It’s always up to the beholder.

VH: Is there anything you’d like to add?TC: I am very happy to have gotten the op-portunity to create and exhibit my art in the world’s best town, New York, and to have met the friendly, interesting, and helpful New Yorkers!

Photos courtesy of Tomas ColbengtsonAbove: An installation of Colbengtson’s art in nature.Right: Examples of traditional knives Colbengtson made as a child. For a long time, traditional crafts were the only aspect of their culture that the Sámi were allowed to practice.

On Jan. 11, 2018, the Nordic Heritage Museum will open the ninth-annual Nordic Lights Film Festival (NLFF), hosted at the SIFF Film Center and the SIFF Cinema Up-town in Seattle. NLFF offers an immersion into the world of Nordic films, focusing on contemporary, award­winning films from Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, and Sápmi. Filmmakers from the Nordic countries will attend the festival. The event runs Jan. 11 to 14.

The festival’s opening night will feature the Swedish film Borg vs. McEnroe. The film takes place in the summer of 1980, when Björn Borg (played by Icelandic actor Sver-rir Gudnason) is the top tennis player in the world, dominating the sport both on and off the court. There is only one obstacle in his pursuit of a record­breaking fifth Wimble-

don championship: the highly talented but ferociously abrasive young American, John McEnroe (Shia LaBeouf).

The complete festival lineup includes critically acclaimed feature-length comedies and dramas, as well as shorts and documenta-ries. Among this year’s films are The Square (Sweden), which was recently nominated for a 2018 Golden Globe; the Norwegian/Sámi documentary Arctic Superstar, about an in-digenous Sámi rapper whose career dreams are stymied by his endangered language; Aki Kaurismäki’s latest hit The Other Side of Hope (Finland); and the ever-popular Nordic shorts program.

A full schedule and description of the films is available at nordicmuseum.org/nlff, and festival passes and tickets for opening night are available at SIFF.net.

Northern Lights Film Festival returns to SIFF

Photo: © First Pond EntertainmentThe rapper SlinCraze is the subject and star of Arctic Superstar, one of the Norwegian films to be shown during January’s Nordic Lights Film Festival.

nordic Heritage muSeum

Seattle

Hot Aquavit Toddy3 oz. freshly-boiled hot water, plus more to preheat mug 1 ½ oz. aquavit (I use Linie)

1 tbsp. honey1-2 lemon wedges, plus a slice for garnish

Preheat a mug with hot water for a minute or so, then discard water. Pour aquavit and honey into the mug. Squeeze juice from 1 lemon wedge into the mug

and drop the wedge in too. Pour freshly boiled hot water over it and give it a good stir to help the honey dissolve. Taste and adjust honey and lemon juice as needed. Garnish with lemon slice if desired.

Makes 1 drink.

theNorwegiaNamerican12 • December 29, 2017 Taste of Norway

Photos: Daytona strongCoziness done two ways: biscuits made to satisfy cravings for cheese and caraway pair excellently with an aquavit hot toddy.

Have a cozy and delicious New YearRing in 2018 with a warming drink paired with savory cheese biscuits with a Nordic flair

By the time Christmas has come and gone, it seems like everyone’s talking about healthy eating and cleanses. But before we go the way of “dry January” (if you’re into that), let’s not forget about New Year’s celebrations.

Now for me, New Year’s Eve has never seemed like a party holiday. Sure, celebra-tions are always happening, but I’m just as happy hanging out at home, reflecting on the past year and waiting in anticipation for the clock to strike midnight.

Still, any celebration—large or small—calls for a bit of a treat. So I’m sharing with you one of the coziest I can imagine—a hot toddy spiked with Norwegian aquavit and some savory little cheesy bites.

The toddy? That’s obvious. I think it was my husband who first served me an aquavit version. (He has a way with mixing drinks.) As for the biscuits, I first encountered the root of them a few years back when flipping through Scandilicious Baking by Signe Johan-sen. She had a recipe in there for Västerbotten and Caraway Sablés, made with the Swed-ish cheese I could never seem to find stocked even in the local Scandinavian food store in Seattle. Parmesan does the trick, however, and I thought it’d be fun to top half of the biscuits with caraway, as Johansen recommended for the full recipe, and top the other half with a flaky smoked salt as a way to vary the flavors (and accommodate those for whom caraway seeds are a bit too intense).

These little biscuits would be as good with a glass of Champagne as with a toddy, so go ahead and improvise as needed—but let’s ring in the New Year together with hope and anticipation. And if you’re resolving to eat more kale salads and drink more green smoothies, then by all means go for it with all your might. As for me, I’m more about at-tempting to practice moderation with a touch of indulgence all the year through. Regardless of how you go about the year, I wish you a happy celebration and a great year ahead.

daytona Strong

Taste of Norway Editor

Daytona Strong is The Nor-wegian American’s Taste of

Norway Editor. She writes about her family’s Norwe-

gian heritage through the lens of food at her Scandi-navian food blog, www.out-side-oslo.com. Find her on

Facebook (www.facebook.com/OutsideOslo), Twitter (@daytonastrong), Pinterest (@dayton-

astrong), and Instagram (@daytonastrong).

Hungry for more Norway?

Call(206)784-4617oremailsubscribe@na-weekly.comtoget47recipesevery year (and the rest of the newspaper, too).

Photo: TiNE Mediebank

My foot doctor is a proud Norwegian American from North Dakota whose ances-tral roots go back to northwestern Telemark. But about a month ago, I learned she had nev-er heard of geitost (goat cheese, pronounced “yayt ust”) or any other kind of Norwegian brunost (brown cheese). Of course, I felt im-mediately compelled to get her a package of Ekte Geitost (true goat cheese), for one can-not be a real Norwegian and never have eaten brunost, Norway’s national cheese. She and her sister both ended up loving it and won-dering why they had not had it growing up in a community full of Norwegian Americans.

As a booster of all things Norwegian and as a lover of geitost (sometimes spelled gjetost), I thought it my duty to make sure that none of the readers of The Norwegian

American lived out their lives unaware of brunost and its tasty benefits. So this heritage piece is intended as an ode to both geitost and the other varieties of brunost.

Brunost goes back at least to the Bronze Age in Scandinavia. Some burned brunost res-idue was found in Denmark in a clay pot that dated to more than 2,500 years ago. So Scan-dinavians—especially Norwegians—have been eating it for centuries. Brunost is another name for mysost (whey cheese). In fact, it is not strictly a true cheese, for it is made from the waste liquid that is left behind after cheese making; this is called whey. To make brunost you cook the whey with milk and/or cream for about 10 hours until much of the liquid has evaporated and it takes on the consistency of gooey fudge and has turned from white to brown in color. Then you place it in block molds and cool it until it hardens further. The result is a semi-soft, sweet cheese-like prod-uct. It is the caramelized sugars in the cooked-down milk that give this type of “cheese” its characteristic sweetness.

My favorite type of brunost is ekte geitost, which is made with goat milk. It is sweet and caramelly in taste, but with a noticeably extra sharp tang to the taste that derives from the goat milk. Another related variety of brunost is made with both goat and cow milk plus cream, and it is known as Gud-brandsdalsost. (Gudbrand’s Valley cheese).

See > BruNOsT, page 19

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 13Taste of Norway

Adapted from the Västerbotten and Caraway Sablés in Scandilicious Baking

by Signe Johansen

Savory Nordic Cheese Biscuits, Two Ways (Gluten-Free)

1 cup gluten­free flour mix (I use Bob’s Red Mill)4 tbsps. cold unsalted butter ¼ tsp. kosher salt½ cup grated Parmesan cheese1 medium egg2 tbsps. whole milk

for topping:1 egg, lightly beaten1 tsp. caraway seeds1 tbsp. Parmesan¼ tsp. smoked sea salt (regular course or flaky salt will work too)

Using a food processor, whirl flour, butter, and salt until they combine into a sandy mixture. Add cheese and give it another whirl, then the egg and mix again. Finally, add the milk one tablespoon at a time until the dough comes together, taking care to not over-mix.

Press the dough into a log about an inch in diameter. Roll in plastic wrap and chill until firm.

Meanwhile, preheat the oven to 400°F and line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Once chilled, remove and unwrap the dough. Slice it into 24 pieces (each slice should

be about 1⁄3- to ½-in. thick). Arrange these on the baking sheet about an inch apart. Brush lightly with the beaten egg. On half of the biscuits, sprinkle caraway seeds and Parmesan cheese. On the other half, sprinkle smoked sea salt.

Bake until golden and firm and cooked all the way through, about 10 minutes.Makes 24 biscuits.

Photo: Daytona strongLight up the holiday with a savory bite and a warm, refreshing drink to wash it down—like wrapping up in a comforting food blanket.

Brunost blessingsA paean to Norway’s national cheese

Photo: Terje BirkedalEkte Geitost with the tool a Norwegian invented to slice it—cheese is important business in Norway.

terje birkedaL

Anchorage, Alaska

Terje “Ted” Birkedal was born in Stavanger, Norway, in 1946. He grew up in Col-orado and earned a Ph.D. in Anthropology from the University of Colorado. He retired in 2012 but remains active in his field and has

served as the President of Sons of Norway Bernt Balchen Lodge in Anchorage since 2012. He has conducted archeological fieldwork in the Ameri-can South, the Great Plains, Norway, Canada, Guam, and Alaska. He has always been passion-

ate about Norwegian prehistory and history.

It was invented in the 19th century in the Gudbrands Valley by a woman named Anne Hov. Before inventing Gudbrandsdalsost she had added cream while cooking cow-milk whey. This first of her inventions is known as fløtemysost (cream whey cheese). Since it is partially made from goat milk, Gudbrands-dalsost still has a slight tangy taste from the goat milk, but it is sweeter and milder over-all than ekte geitost. Fløtemysost contains no goat milk, so it is the mildest in taste and is the sweetest of the three main varieties of brunost.

To properly eat brunost, you must use a Norwegian-style cheese slicer known as an “ostehøvel,” specifically invented in the early 20th century to efficiently and easily slice brunost. The ostehøvel gives you thin, tasty slices of brunost that will deliver just the right amount of flavor to your mouth. You may put your brunost on a crisp cracker or slice of bread, or better yet, on a Norwe-gian heart­shaped waffle. Don’t skip butter; brunost marries beautifully with butter. And if you like, add some strawberry or raspberry jam, also a great taste partner with brunost. In addition, brunost enriches the flavor of Norwegian-style “brun saus” (brown sauce or gravy) which pairs wonderfully with meat balls or “kjøttkaker” (Norwegian meat cakes) and is really good with Norwegian “fiskekaker” (fish cakes).

Brunost delivers high amounts of pro-

theNorwegiaNamerican14 • December 29, 2017

Norway near you

Calendar of EventsWhat’s going on in your neighborhood?

Check www.norwegianamerican.com/events for complete listings

Sendyoureventtonaw@na-weekly.comorcall(206)784-4617to be added to The Norwegian American!

Event listings are free, but space is limited. Please contact us at least one month before event.

ALASKAArctic Viking Lodge Lutefisk & Meatball DinnerJan. 27, 4-6:30 p.m.

FairbanksEnjoy a lutefisk and meatball dinner with Arctic Viking Lodge at Fairbanks Lutheran Church. To contact the lodge for more info, visit www.son-sofnorway117.yolasite.com.

CALIFORNINAWelcome Back Dinner & Happy New Year Jan. 4, 6:30 p.m.

San Francisco

Celebrate the 120th anniversay of the Norwe-gian Club of San Francisco with a delicious din-ner prepared by Chef Ricardo. Tickets are $35 for members or guests. More info: www.nor-wegianclub.org.

Scandinavian Film FestivalJan. 6, 7, 20 & 21

Los AngelesJoin the American-Scandinavian Foundation of Los Angeles for its 19th annual film festival, featuring Scandinavian films. Festival schedule, passes, and tickets for indiviual screenings and events are available at www.sffla.net.

ILLINOISWinter Ski Jumping Tournament Jan. 27-28

Fox River Grove

Gates open at 11 a.m. on Saturday for the Norge Ski Club’s weekend of family fun as ski jumpers from the entire world compete. Brats, hot dogs, pizza, popcorn beer and wine. Ticket info available at www.norgeskiclub.com.

IOWAKoselig Exhibit now-April 22

DecorahCome get koselig with Vesterheim and discover the Norwegian secret to surviving winter. Ex-perience koselig in a series of immersive “liv-ing room” environments and learn about this uniquely Scandinavian way of life. More infor-mation: www.vesterheim.org/exhibitions/spe-cial/koselig.

Rocks and Hard Places: Emigration Through the Lens of Knud Knudsen now-Sept. 23, 2018

DecorahWhy do people leave their homes in search of a better life? Join us at Vesterheim at an exciting new exhibit that explores emigration through first-person accounts, family histories, and the stunning black-and-white photography of Knud Knudsen. More info: www.vesterheim.org/ex-hibitions/special/knudsen.

Spoons: Carving. Community.now-Nov. 4, 2018

DecorahHumans have been carving spoons for millen-nia, but spoon carving has exploded in popu-larity in the last 10 years. Vesterheim’s Spoons:

Carving. Community. captures the spirit of this recent movement, showcasing historic and modern examples of spoons carved in wood and horn. More info: www.vesterheim.org/ex-hibitions/special/spoons

Barnetimen Children’s Hour: BirthdaysJan. 16, 10 a.m.

DecorahVesterheim invites all preschool and school-aged children with their parents and caregiv-ers to explore Norwegian art and culture with the special topic, “Birthdays.” Program is free for all ages. More info: www.vesterheim.org/events/youth-programs/barnetimen.

MASSACHUSETTSThe Last King film screeningJan. 20, 1 p.m.

West Newton

Game of Thrones fans will not want ot miss this high-stakes adventure film, presented by The Scandinavian Library. Listen to Norwegian with English subtitles. Free refreshments at 1 p.m., with lunch available in the Kaffeestuga. Screening is free at the Scandinavian Cultural Center Libra-ray; donations welcome. More info: scandicenter.org/event/the-scandinavian-library-presents-the-last-king.

MICHIGANPolar Nights in Norway

Jan. 28, 4 p.m.

Farmington Hills

At this Nordkap Lodge meeting at the Swedish Club, Merete Stenersen will give a presentation on Polar Nights in Norway. There will be a dinner of torsk and meatballs, with fastelavnsboller for des-sert. More info: www.detroitnorwegians.com.

MINNESOTAGingerbread Wonderland: Twin Citiesnow-Jan. 7

Minneapolis

You will find familiar buildings and landmarks created by everyone from professional bakers to first-time gingerbread enthusiasts. At Nor-way House. Tickets are $5 for adults; children and members are free. To learn more or to get involved, visit www.norwayhouse.org or email ebjelland@norwayhouse.org. First Lutheran’s Lutefisk and Meatball DinnerJan. 20

Columbia HeightsDinner will include lutefisk with melted butter and white sauce, meatballs, mashed potatoes, gravy, carrots, mashed rutabagas, herring, lefse, julekake, rice pudding, and cookies. Seatings at 12, 2, 4, and 6 p.m. Tickets are $20 or 50 cents per year for children up to 10 years. Tickets can be reserved by calling (651) 633-0679. Visit www.flcch.org for more information and directions.

NEW YORKThe Experimental Self: Munch’s Photographynow-March 8

New YorkThis series of photographs, films, and prints by Edvard Munch emphasizes the artist’s experi-mentalism, examining his exploration of the cam-

era as an expressive medium. On view at Scan-dinavia House: The Nordic Center in America, Tuesdays through Saturdays from noon to 6 p.m., and on Wednesdays until 7 p.m., with a guided gallery tour at 5:30 p.m. More information: www.scandinaviahouse.org.

Nordic Oscar Contenders

Jan. 3, 5, 10, 12, 17 & 18

New YorkThis January, Scandinavia House will be screen-ing films chosen by Nordic countries to compete for the Oscar nomination in the 2017 Best Foreign Language film. They include this year’s shortlisted Oscar nominee for Best Foreign Language Film The

Square (Sweden), November (Estonia), You Disap-

pear/Du forsvinder (Denmark), Under the Tree/

Undir trénu (Iceland), Tom of Finland (Finland), and Thelma (Norway). More info: www.scandina-viahouse.org /calendar-of-events.

Edvard Grieg and His World

Jan. 11, 8 p.m.

New YorkInternationally acclaimed pianist Jeffrey Siegel re-turns for his tenth season of Keyboard Conversa-tions at Scandinavia House. Seigel explores works of Grieg as well the composers he admired. Tickets are $20 for members or $25 for guests. More infor-mation: www.scandinaviahouse.org

Fastelavn Danish Mardi GrasFeb. 11, 2 p.m.

BrooklynAll Nordics are invited to join the Scandinavian East Coast Museum for its annual Fastelavn Dan-ish Mardi Gras, location to be announced. Dress in costume (optional), decorate spring branches, hit the barrel, and eat special cream buns for dessert. Music by Ellen Lindstrom, “The Swedish Meatball.” $40 inclusive price, children between 5 and 16 are $10, and children younger than 4 get in for free. Reservations are encouraged and can be made by calling Victoria at (718) 748-5950.

OREGONOregon’s Nordic Ski Historynow-Dec. 29

Portland

Learn about the history of Nordic skiing, from its roots in Scandinavia to its prominence in the Pa-cific Northwest. Includes reproductions of both historical and contemporary ski equipment. At Nordia House Gallery. Free and open to the pub-lic. More info: www.scanheritage.org.

Sonja Lodge Lutefisk & Meatball DinnerJan. 27 & 28

EugeneThe menu includes all-you-can-eat lutefisk, meatballs, potatoes, coleslaw, lefse, flatbread, and desserts. There will be three reserved seat-ings on Saturday and five on Sunday. Tickets sell out quickly, so call the lodge at (541) 344-1064 and leave a message for more details and ticket prices. Handicapped parking available. More info: sonjelodge.org/events.html

WASHINGTON Concert at Yultide EndJan. 6, 3 p.m.

SeattleJoin Lori Ann Reinhall and the Seattle-Bergen Sis-ter City Association as they celebrate the Last Day of Christmas with a Blowout Fundraising Concert featuring her musical friends and the best of Pacific Northwest talent. This gala extravaganza features a fantastic array of musicians perform-

ing our most beloved holiday songs and festive favorites as we greet the New Year. At Ballard First Lutheran Church. Tickets are $25 for adults and $10 for children, and may be purchased on Eventbrite or at the door. More information: www.facebook.com/seattlebergensistercities.

Nordic Lights Film FestivalJan. 11-14

SeattleSee contemporary, award-winning films from Norway and other Nordic countries at the SIFF Film Center and the SIFF Cinema Uptown. The Norwegian documentary The Return will be shown at the SIFF Film Center on Jan. 13 at 3:30 p.m. Director Ingrid Berven will answer questions after the screening. Festival schedule and passes are available at www.nordicmuseum.org, $65 for members and $75 for general admission.

Mostly Nordic Chamber Music Series: NorwayJan. 14, 2 p.m.

SeattleThe Nordic Heritage Museum goes on the road with “Norway: Crossing the North Sea,” featur-ing Rachel Nesvig on the Hardanger fiddle and Brandon Vance on Scottish fiddle at Ballard First Lutheran Church. Tickets and more information available at www.nordicmuseum.org.

Coffee, Cake & GriegJan. 14, 4 p.m.

SeattleJoin the Seattle-Bergen Sister City Association and the Northwest Edvard Grieg Society follow-

ing the Mostly Nordic concert at Ballard First Lu-

theran Church for refreshments and the op-portunity to learn more about Bergen’s most famous composer. You will also learn more about the two sponsoring groups and their programs for 2018. Free to the general public at large. More information: www.facebook.com/seattlebergensistercities.

Poulsbo Lutefisk and Meatball DinnerJan. 27, noon-5 p.m.

PoulsboEnjoy a lutefisk and meatball diner with pota-toes, carrots, coleslaw, lefse, ice cream, and beverages. At Grieg Hall, Poulsbo Lodge. For more information, call the hall office at (360) 779-5209.

Leif Erikson Lodge Annual Crab FeedJan. 27, 6 p.m.

SeattleEnjoy a crab feed, silent auction, and desset auction, with dancing to Miles from Chicago, all in support of the lodge’s educational foun-dation. Tickets are $20 for students, $45 for adults, and $320 for a table of eight, avail-able at Brown Paper Tickets, or checks may be mailed to the lodge. For more infomation, visit www.facebook.com/groups/LeifErikson-Lodge or call (206) 783-1274.

Wergeland Lodge Lutefisk & Meatball DinnerFeb. 3, 4 p.m.

Bellingham

Join Wergeland Lodge for a dinner at Win-dows on the Bay in the Bellingham Yacht Club building. Cost is $25 per person. Limited seat-ing. For tickets contact Elaine Grasdock at (360) 734-7753 or email Viking1kg@gmail.com. More info: www.wergelandlodge.com.

Norwegian Love: A Valentine’s Concert & TeaFeb. 11, 2 p.m.

SeattleEnjoy an afternoon concert at Leif Erikson Lodge featuring soprano Laura Loge and Ste-ven Luksan on the piano, performing love songs by Edvard Grieg and Steven Luksan. Co-sponsored by the Northwest Edvard Grieg So-ciety. Tickets are $15. For more information, visit www.facebook.com/LELodgeSeattle or call the lodge at (206) 783-1274.

WISCONSIN The Story of Selbu Mittensnow-Dec. 30

StoughtonThe Selbu mitten is unique in many ways, but especially because its origin is well document-ed. We have gathered Selbu mittens for this exhibit from descendants of Norwegian im-

migrants in the Stoughton area. At Livsreise. More information: www.livsreise.org.

Musical Duet with Vidar Skrede & Randy Gosa

Jan. 8, 5:30 p.m.

MilwaukeeThere will be a social, meal, and meeting with officer installation at this Sons of Norway Milwaukee meeting at Norway House. Enter-tainment will be provided by Vidar Skrede on fiddle, Hardanger fiddle, and guitar, and Ran-dy Gosa on guitar and bouzouki. More info: www.sonsofnorwaymilwaukee.org/events.

Scandinavian Hygge

Jan. 18, 11:30 a.m.

Amery

Learn the simple pleasures of Scandinavian cuisine and experience the uniquely Nordic concept of “hygge” with chef Terry Kelzer in a cooking demonstration for all ages. More info: farmtablefoundation.org.

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 15Norway near you

Fight the darkness of winter with Nordic cheer and fellowship

“Når kommer den Skandinaviske time med det beste i Skandinaviske music!” fol-lowed by “God morgen, God morgen … I’m your host Doug Warne, with lots of friends, with the best in Scandinavian music from all the Scandinavian countries.”

Every weekend on KKNW AM 1150, the rousing Norwegian rendition of the “Good Morning” song comes forth from the radio or over the internet to houses all over the world. On this particular morning, I’m fidgeting nervously in my seat as those im-mortal words follow: “I’m your host, Doug Warne, with lots of friends…”

Today, I’m sitting at my own micro-phone across from Doug, as he introduces me as the host of the show, and I want to pinch myself—is this real? Am I really co-hosting this radio program that Doug Warne and Ron Olsen took over from Svein Gilje in 1959, that has grown to have a global audi-ence for the last 58 years? Yes, here I was spinning disks with the master, who gener-ously decided some months ago to start shar-ing the mic with six other lucky co-hosts. His idea seems not to be passing the torch (like he might retire), but rather to pass the torch around, to let the program grow with new personalities and perspectives.

I look over to see Warne giving me the nod that it’s time to read the “Community Bulletin Board.” We take turns announcing the pancake breakfasts, lutefisk dinners, ba-zaars, pickled herring, rosemaling, and other events of the many clubs, societies, and mu-seums in the greater Puget Sound region. I can tell Warne’s been to all these regular events, whether Norwegian, Swedish, Dan-ish, Finnish, or Icelandic, and the people there all know him, too. I happily read off

Co-hosting the Scandinavian Hour What it’s like to share the mic with Doug Warne on the long-running radio program

Photo: Eric stavneyDoug Warne, host of the long-running Scandinavian Hour, is passing the torch around.

eric StaVney

Seattle

events I’ve also been to, at the Nordic Heri-tage Museum and my own Sons of Norway lodge. It tickles me to be promoting happen-ings in the Scandinavian Community.

After we introduce a few more songs, I see on my script that my pre-recorded inter-view with Jim Nelson will be broadcast next. Whenever I think of Norwegian folksongs, I think of Jim and was able to connect with him when he came to town. I had him talk about the many places he’s worked and traveled as a music teacher, musician-for-hire, and mod-ern-day bard. We talked about our common love of the seljefløyte, and that’s the part we broadcast—that conversation—followed by a recording Jim had made playing this tradition-al Norwegian instrument, the willow flute.

I first heard about co­hosting the show by donating to The Norwegian American—yes, this very newspaper. I proudly told my friends I got to co-host a show, but had to admit that I had “bought” my way onto the program. But then I heard about Warne’s in-tention to share the mic on an ongoing basis, and I was hooked.

I’m really looking forward to hearing the music that co-host colleagues from Ice-land (Esther Lára Hansen), Finland (Sean McKee), Norway (Seth Tufteland and Bjørn Ruud), and Denmark (Ingrid Salmon) will want to play. And the Swedes out there in radioland needn’t worry—we’ve got you covered, too.

To qualify for this amazing opportunity,

we all had to go out and sell radio ads. That’s not an easy task unless one is a born sales-person! Most of the sponsors I could think of have already been approached by Warne long ago and have regular radio ads on the show. But when Hovden Formal Farm Wear became a sponsor, I got a seat at the mic.

Warne rouses me out of my thoughts to announce a Finnish song, and I stumble over the pronunciation. Never mind that I looked it up and practiced many times. Thankfully, the show isn’t broadcast live! Warne gra-ciously lets me try it again.

Recording the shows in advance (we do all four shows for a month in one sitting) means we don’t actually play the songs right after we announce them. Erik Krema (Op-erations Manager) and his amazing staff at KKNW insert the songs into the program after we leave the studio. That means that if I’ve made a goof in the script, I will an-nounce Edvard Grieg’s “Hall of the Moun-tain King” and listeners subsequently hear a Sámi yoik instead. Uff da! But I’m getting better at this.

I look up as the “Farvel” song plays, the “On the Air” sign turns off, and Warne gives me the A-OK sign. Life just couldn’t get any better than this.

I hope you get a chance to turn on your radio or computer to hear us Saturday and Sunday mornings at 6 a.m. PST, and again at 9 a.m. PST on Saturday. Online visit 1150kknw.com and click on “Listen Live.”

If you have music you feel is underrepre-

sented in our lineup, we would enjoy learn-

ing about it from you. If you have a commu-

nity event you’d like announced, send in the form we will email you with the particulars, at least a month and a half before the event.

Write to us at scanhourkknw@outlook.com. We’d also love to help increase your business and record a personalized spot for you.

When days are short and nights grow long, it’s time to celebrate community the Norwegian way—with warm drinks, wool socks, close friends, and an untranslatable word—koselig! Explore how Norwegians survive winter at a new immersive exhibit, “Koselig,” at Vesterheim, the national Nor-wegian-American museum and heritage cen-ter, through April 22, 2018. To really get a feel for koselig, Vesterheim will host a series of free community events, including Koselig Cake Break, Nordic Noir Film Nights, and Board Game Nights.

What is koselig? Vesterheim’s Exhibition Manager Zach Row-Heyveld says, “Cozy is the closest translation, but it’s really much more than that. It’s a very deep feeling of warmth and contentment, a sense of intimacy and comfort. It’s a candlelit dinner party with your close friends and family. A wool sweat-er, a cup of hot cocoa, and a comfy couch with the latest Nordic crime drama on TV. A fresh batch of warm waffles from scratch

with homemade jam after a jaunt through the woods on your cross-country skis.”

Visit this exhibit to experience koselig in a series of “living room” environments and learn about this uniquely Scandinavian way of life and how it permeates every part of Norwegian culture.

Some researchers suggest that empathy is the key to high levels of happiness in the Scandinavian countries. Every Wednesday, from 3:30 to 4 p.m., now through April 22, Vesterheim invites the community to the museum to enjoy treats and learn more about empathy during Koselig Cake Break.

Vesterheim and Luther College’s Nordic Studies Program invite you to settle in for some unsettling crime films from Scandina-via during Nordic Noir Film Nights at 7 p.m. on Jan. 9, Feb. 13, March 13, and April 10 in the museum’s Main Building. Each film will feature an introduction and discussion led by members of the Nordic Studies program. See vesterheim.org for a full list of films and

Experience Koselig at Vesterheim this winter

VeSterHeim

Decorah, Iowa

more details.Join Vesterheim, Games XP of

Decorah, and future close friends for Koselig Board Game Nights from 7 to 9 p.m. on Jan. 23, Feb. 27, and March 27 in the museum’s Main Building. When Norwegians want to get koselig, they play board games with close friends and fam-ily. Bring your favorite game to share, and come ready to learn to play new ones with new friends.

With world-class exhibitions and 12 historic buildings in scenic Deco-

rah, Iowa, Vesterheim, the national Norwegian-American museum and heritage center, showcases the

best in historic and contemporary Norwegian folk and fine arts, and explores the American immigrant experience. For more information, visit vesterheim.org

Photo courtesy of VesterheimVisitors enjoy a Koselig Cake Break at Vesterheim.

theNorwegiaNamerican16 • December 29, 2017

Travel

There is nothing we enjoy more than getting on a plane and being whisked away to a warm, sunny clime with an exotic cul-ture. This is especially true when the expedi-tion is a bargain, like our trip to Morocco. The tour was entitled “13 Day Kaleidoscope of Morocco” and included five major cities, beautiful natural wonders, most meals, and transportation—all for $1,700. How could we possibly pass up a deal like that? The trip turned out to be one of the most fascinating and enlightening tours we have ever taken.

The ancient Roman city of Volubilis, lo-cated between the cities of Rabat and Fez, was our favorite. In its prime, the Roman city had 20,000 residents. The ruins, which sit atop a high plateau surrounded by green farmlands, have been well preserved and continue to be excavated. The site contains fine mosaic floors, carved marble columns, and a range of other structures reflecting the size of the city.

The tour started in the bustling capital of Rabat, located between the Atlantic Ocean and the mouth of the Bou Regreg river. Our first stop was a visit to the Chellah, a ne-cropolis for Marinid Dynasty notables from the 13th to 15th centuries. This same site was occupied by the very prosperous Roman city of Sala Colonia. These extensive ruins are enclosed by massive walls built in the 13th century.

While Morocco is located in northern Africa, its past goes back to Europe as well. It is this dichotomy in its heritage that con-tinues to give Morocco a rich and divergent culture. As you travel through Rabat, Fez, Marrakesh, and Casablanca and their envi-rons, you can’t help but notice that the ar-chitecture in these cities resembles the archi-tecture of Andalusia, Spain. The reason, of course, is that when the Moors were defeated in Spain, they simply crossed the Mediter-ranean to Morocco to practice the religion of Islam, bringing their arts, crafts, and archi-tecture with them.

Morocco’s nature is unbelievably var-ied, from the long, white, sandy beaches to the cedar forests of the Middle Atlas Moun-tains. The varied terrain allows tourists to go camel trekking on the sand dunes of the Sa-

hara and skiing on the snows of the High At-las Mountains. As we were driven around the countryside in a large modern bus, we were so relieved to have an experienced driver to handle the steep, winding roads. The Tizi n’Tichka pass that runs between Ouarzazate and Marrakesh was filled with hairpin turns and sheer cliffs on both sides.

Every sizable town or city had a medina, which is simply a group of adobe buildings enclosed by a high wall where the shops and markets are located. The medina is the heart of Arab towns and cities. One of the most admired 12th century villages in southern Morocco is the pinkish sandstone village of Aït Benhaddou. Here the kasbahs (fortified houses) are strategically located high on a hill and were originally built as a caravan stop to give aid and respite, for a price, to traveling African traders in ivory, gold, and spices.

The imperial city of Fez has some of the most significant and historical sights of Mo-

rocco. We were anx-ious to experience the old-world tanneries of Fez, where men slosh around in enormous vats of foul-smelling concoctions and dyes to tan and color the an-imal skins to produce the famous Moroccan leather. The historical star of Fez is the world-famous University of Al-Quaraouiyine and Mosque that was estab-lished in 859, making it one of the world’s oldest universities. It is truly a beautiful build-ing, but we had a hard

time focusing on its beauty and significance because it is in the middle of a frenzied and crowded medina. The donkey-wide winding alleyways chock-full of hordes engaged in selling, shopping, and touring in four or five different languages can be distracting.

Even though the French occupation end-ed more than 60 years ago, the French influ-ence is still evident. Most Moroccans are still bilingual, and many of the big cities adapted French names for their parks, buildings, and public areas, such as Hivernage, Ville Nou-velle, and Jardin Majorelle.

Marrakesh is a perfect example of the Arab-French blend of cultures. We found Marrakesh to be the most beautiful city in Morocco. Its wide tree-lined boulevards, palisaded by modern hotels, integrate lovely gardens for the public to enjoy.

Located in the central part of the city is a beautiful and historic garden originally designed in the 1930s by the French painter

Jacques Majorelle. A pleasant afternoon is to take a stroll in this French-inspired garden in the shade of the Majorelle Blue studio, sur-rounded by cascading magenta bougainvil-lea, palms, and cacti. You can always elect to take a break and sip a mint tea at the outdoor café or spend some time exploring the fasci-nating Berber museum next door.

One of Marrakesh’s pleasantries is to take a quaint horse-and-buggy ride from your hotel to visit Jemaa el-Fnaa, the main square of the medina and one of the most talked-about experiences in Morocco. The square is a huge expanse of open space, stalls, and tents. It is here that the city pres-ents its infamous evening spectacle of snake charmers, magicians, hawkers, musicians, and occasional pickpockets to entertain and challenge the tourists.

Every substantial Moroccan city has a mosque with a matching minaret that you can spot from afar. In Casablanca’s case, we would have to declare their mosque and min-aret to be on steroids! It is the second largest structure in the world. The colossal Hassan II Mosque stands on the edge of the Atlantic Ocean and actually sits partially out the over the sea. It took 35,000 craftsmen to complete this elaborate edifice with marble, mosaics, woodcarvings, and plastic carvings. The Ve-netian crystal chandeliers are dazzling, and it is a building you cannot forget!

If you head south, you find yourself on a road called the Corniche. This windblown coastal highway popular with surfers will lead you past many of Casablanca’s glitzy nightclubs. While we did not find Rick, we did find snappy ocean­side dining spots where the seafood was fresh and delicious. It was a perfect venue for our tour to end as we enjoyed a warm Moroccan evening with a pastel sunset.

A journey through MoroccoExploring Morocco’s rich culture on a tour of the country’s historic cities and countryside

arLene & tHor a. LarSen

Fishkill, N.Y.

Photos: Thor larsenAbove left: The tanneries of Fez (Chouaras) is where famous Moroccan leather is made.Above: A triumphal arch overlooks the fertile plains of the ancient Roman city of Volubilis, a highlight of the tour.Left: The University of Al-Quaraouiyine and Mosque houses this lovely ablu-

tions basin in the center of a mosaic-lined courtyard.

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 17Travel

Stovner Tower offers a new perspectiveA bird’s-eye view of Oslo:

Want to follow the path of the birds for an incredible view of Norway’s capi-tal? You’re in luck. On Oct. 12, the district of Stovner in northeastern Oslo welcomed a new attraction: the Stovner Tower. As you meander along the 260-meter-long circling walkway, you’ll gradually climb 15 meters up in the air where you’ll find yourself walk-ing among the treetops.

The design of the tower—called Stovnertårnet in Norwegian—was inspired by a bird’s flight into the sky. Along the pathway to the top, there are several plateaus representing birds’ nests where you can sit with your friends, relax, and enjoy the view. And what a view it is! In addition to a great perspective overlooking the trees and hills of the Grorud Valley, the view stretches all the way to the Oslo Fjord.

The posts that support the structure also serve as birdhouses for local species like the common swift, a type of bird that thrives as part of a flock. The walkway is accessible for disabled visitors and is also lined with railings more than a meter high, ensur-ing a safe and enjoyable experience for all. In the evening, the Stovner Tower comes to life in a whole new manner with captivating lights that serve to both emphasize its interweaving path and keep everyone safe.

The tower is near the Stovner shopping center by the Fossumberget mountain and can be easily reached from Oslo’s city center in just about 30 minutes by taking metro No. 5 to the Stovner stop. Even better is that the experience is free and open all day year-round.

“Stovner and Holmenkollen both have spectacular views of the city,” says Head of the District Committee Rashid Nawaz to Vårt Oslo. “Through the tower we’re clarifying this for the whole capital and creating a local attraction that I hope brings children, the elderly, and all cu-rious people to Stovner to see how wonder-

ful it is here.”The creative force behind the tower is

the landscape architects at LINK Arkitektur, an architecture firm known for combining

modern architecture with natural landscapes. It was built in collaboration with the District of Stovner and the Municipality of Oslo’s Agency for Urban Environment, and fund-

Roam with Moon & The Norwegian AmericanWe can’t decide! Which ot these finalists do you think should win a copy of Moon Norway?

Vote by emailing naw@na-weekly.com

#1

#2

#3

moLLy joneS

Seattle

Photos: Jiri Havran / courtesy of stovnertårnetThe Stovner Tower is open night and day, providing stunning views of Oslo and the Grorud Valley.

ing was provided by the city’s Groruddalen project and the Agency for Urban Develop-ment.

The Groruddalen project is meant to contribute to improved services and local environments with the ultimate goal that residents will become more economically independent and participate more actively in their community. The project was first start-ed in 2007 and has been extended to 2026.

“The Groruddalen project has led to a transformation of the Stovner city center area. Together with Fossumparken in front of Stovner Senter and Jesperudjordet activ-ity park, the Stovner Tower provides new and exciting opportunities for urban outdoor life,” says Councilor for Urban Development Hanna E. Marcussen, who was present at the official opening of the tower, to Vårt Oslo.

If you’re looking to see Oslo from a new angle, Stovner Tower may be just the right attraction for you.

Molly Jones started at The Norwegian American the

week she completed her BA in Norwegian and Com-

munication from the Uni-versity of Washington and quickly became the news-

paper’s Assistant Editor. She currently works as an editor at Nordstrom.

theNorwegiaNamerican18 • December 29, 2017

Norwegian Heritage

Genealogy DetectiveComing soon...

A monthly column putting people in touch with their Norwegian roots

A new column, Genealogy Detective, will start in 2018 in The Norwegian Ameri-can. Managed by Norwegian genealogist Liv Marit Haakenstad from Hamar, Norway, this column will showcase Haakenstad and her research team helping people find their Nor-wegian roots. Want to be part of it?

The genealogical submission is open only to current subscribers of The Norwegian

American. Haakenstad’s research team, with more than 75 years of experience in Norwe-gian and Norwegian-American genealogy, will pick one case every month, and this per-son will get free help to find their Norwegian roots. Information from the submissions and their findings will be published in The Nor-

wegian American, and a detailed report will

be sent to the person submitting the case. If more people submit questions than we have space to publish, the research team will be available privately to respond to genealogi-cal inquiries for a fee.

Haakenstad has written nine books on Norwegian emigration and genealogy, in ad-dition to more than 100 articles published in genealogical and computer magazines. She is a frequent contributor to the research staff of the Who Do You Think You Are? TV show and is a well-known speaker at the Who Do

You Think You Are? Live! conference and many others.

For more information visit www.studygen-

ealogy.com.

Meet the Frog in the FjordLorelou Desjardins on writing her humorous blog about living in Norway as a foreigner

moLLy joneS

Seattle

When French woman Lorelou Desjardins moved to Norway in 2009, she had no inten-tions of staying. Eight years later, she is still living in Oslo and runs the popular blog, “A Frog in the Fjord,” where she chronicles her experiences as a foreigner living in Norway. She also works as a human-rights jurist and cultural coach, has written a book on Norwe-gian culture, and dreams about becoming a stand-up comedian. I recently had the oppor-tunity to interview Desjardins about her expe-riences living in Norway and writing her blog.

Molly Jones: Can you tell us a little about your background and why you moved to Norway?lorelou Desjardins: I am a human-rights lawyer. I moved to Norway in the end of 2009 because I got a job in Oslo. I never thought in a million years that I would settle down here or live here more than 18 months. But then I realized that Norway had everything I was looking for without even knowing it: gender equality, work-life balance, beautiful nature, a peaceful and open society, and high ethics. So I stayed and have been here since!

MJ: Why did you originally start writing your blog, “A Frog in the Fjord”?lD: I was encountering many cultural mis-understandings, and I saw humor in many of them. Sometimes I laughed about it, some-times I was frustrated because I did not man-age to understand what Norwegians meant or wanted, and sometimes I had questions. The blog was a way for me to express all those feelings and share them with others who might feel the same or people who might have answers. I also started the blog because of my love of writing—it is one of my favor-ite things to do in life.

MJ: How has the experience of writing your blog compared to your original expectations? lD: The blog was for me to have fun—to play with humor and culture. I had no ex-pectations as to the blog being read by more than three persons, i.e., my mum, my aunt, and our neighbor back home. I was hoping a few foreigners would read it, but really I was doing it for myself more than anything. But then after nine months of writing anony-mously, with a few hundred reads per month, one blog post, “The Joys of being a Woman in Norway,” went viral in the U.S. and in Norway with over 60,000 reads overnight. The biggest Norwegian media started trying to get a hold of me, for me to talk about my blog in the media.

I was really scared and just wanted to hide under my bed cover until the storm

passed. I thought, “What’s the point of com-ing out with my real name? In two days ev-erybody will have forgotten about my blog.” I wanted to protect my actual career and job, but after a while I realized that “A Frog in the Fjord” was not being forgotten and people were reading my blog more and more, and eventually when I was asked to write a regu-lar chronicle in one of Norway’s biggest pa-pers, I decided to write under my real name. My blog has since become a book, and I am now interviewed quite often on television, radio, and papers in Norway. I also continue to write for my own blog and magazines, pa-pers, etc.

MJ: If your blog is intended to teach expats and foreigners about Norway, why do you think so many Norwegians also like reading your blog?lD: I think Norwegians like to read about what foreigners think of them. There is a kind of collective inferiority complex. They know that for many people in the world, Norway is not on the map... So I believe that the fact that a foreigner not only knows about Nor-way but also writes about the quirkiness of the Norwegian culture with love (and some teasing) is something they appreciate. It also proves that Norwegians have their own pe-culiar culture.... Also because of Janteloven, Norwegians cannot brag that much. But if a foreigner like me brags about how great Nor-way is, then that counts as double.

MJ: Your articles explain the Norwegian culture and language quite humorously. Do you feel that Norwegians understand your sense of humor well? lD: Yes, Norwegians understand my hu-mor, but sometimes they are also slightly of-fended. Some topics have a higher risk for misunderstandings on humor, such as those I wrote on working in Norway and feminism and gender equality. Foreigners are also of-fended sometimes because they feel I am too

hard on Norway. … Luckily most readers, Norwegians and foreigners, read between the lines and like my humor.

MJ: You have become increasingly involved in the Norwegian media over the years. Why do you think it is important for foreigners to have a voice in the Norwegian public debate?lD: I think it is important for every group in a society to have a voice. Foreigners are an increasingly big group in Norway, and I think it is natural for us to say what we think and what a heterogeneous group we are. … I think foreigners have a duty to be in the Nor-wegian debate not only to be critical about what is happening in the Norwegian society but also to remind them of how lucky they are to have such low corruption, functioning public transportation, gender equality better than almost anywhere in the world, etc.

MJ: What goals do you have for your blog moving forward?lD: I remember during my interview for my Norwegian job, my future employer asked me “Where do you see yourself in five years?” I answered, “If I like it here I will be here, and if I don’t I will be somewhere else.” It is the same thing for the blog: I will con-tinue doing it as long as I like it. I released a book in Norwegian in April this year, telling my story during my first year in Norway and discovering this culture as a clueless French woman. Some of my blog posts are in there, so who knows—maybe I will write a second book. Maybe I will continue writing on the blog and invite other writers. Maybe I will start a YouTube channel. I just went to a stand-up course, playing my blog texts on stage for a Norwegian audience, and it was cool. So who knows! As my 88-year-old grandmother says: life is long.

Read “A Frog in the Fjord” and learn more about Lorelou Desjardins at afroginthefjord.com.

Photo: anne Julie granberg-BlunderbussLorelou Desjardins, the Frog in the Fjord.

“O Magnify the Lord With Me and Let Us Exalt His Name Together” Psalm 34:3

THE MISSION CHURCH OF PARAMUS

128 N Farview Avenue — Paramus, New Jersey 07652

Tel: (201) 265-1156 — www.themissionchurch.org

JuletrefestSaturday, January 6, 2018, at 5 p.m.

A special time of worship and music will be shared.

Vesterheim the national Norwegian-American museum and heritage center

• The largest collection of Norwegian-American artifacts in the world• A national center for folk-art classes • Open all year in Decorah, Iowa

< BruNOsT From page 13

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 19Norwegian Heritage

tein, calcium, iodine, and vitamin B to your body. It does sport significant amounts of natural sugars but no salt. Ad-mittedly, brunost contains a fair amount of fat yet much less than “real” cheeses. Overall, it is a nutritious food. Keep in mind that a proper ostehøvel will give you wafer-thin slices that offer plenty of taste; brunost is not something you pile high on a cracker or piece of bread. It is best used sparingly.

It is estimated that Norwegians eat 12,000 tons of brunost per year; that roughly translates to almost five pounds of brunost for every man, woman, and child in Norway. The most popular type of brunost is Gudbrandsdalsost, with fløtemysost being the second favorite. Geitost, perhaps because it has the stron-gest flavor, is third in popularity. In 2017, a truck loaded with 27 tons of brunost caught fire in a long tunnel in northern Norway. The fire, fueled by the sugars and fats in the cheese, raged out of control for four days and severely damaged the tun-nel’s superstructure, so much so that the tunnel was closed for months while it was under repair.

The most common brand of brunost

Hammerfest

Photos courtesy of randi Millman-BrownLeft: Thor’s obituary in Aftenposten.Below: Randi’s office at the Museum of Recon-

struction’s café, complete with vafler and kaffe.

Hammerfest was the next destination on my journey to find out what happened to my great-uncle Thor Jensen. Thor moved to Hammerfest in December 1940, after ac-cepting the position of fullmektig av 1. klasse (department head or senior supervisor) at a bank. This is where things get complicated.

Hammerfest is considered the world’s northernmost town (965 kilometers or 600 miles north of the Arctic Circle), and one of the oldest towns in Norway. I arrived in Alta, Norway, to catch the ferry to Hammerfest on a sunny afternoon after a short flight from Oslo. I took the ferry because I wanted to experi-ence the landscape, just as Thor did when he took the ferry from Hammerfest to Alta at the start of his 700-mile hiking trip in the summer of 1941. The landscape must have looked al-most identical to what I saw on my trip, barren mountains and hillsides along the entire route. Not much had changed in 76 years.

Several places were on my list to visit: The Museum of Reconstruction for Finnmark and Northern Troms, the church records of-fice, and the Finnmark Dagbladet office (the local newspaper). I made arrangements to visit the museum, and the museum’s host, Doris Wøhncke, let me set up a work area in the café. I visited the museum several times over the course of my stay in Hammerfest and was graciously provided with vafler and kaffe. The museum had quite a few interest-ing maps and displays, which I photographed and used for my research. This information was helpful, since Hammerfest was burned to the ground in the scorched-earth campaign by the retreating Nazis, and most town re-cords were lost. All police and hospital re-cords were destroyed, or at least that is what I have been told by both the local police and hospital administrations. I had hoped to find

out how Thor died in these records.The only building left standing after

the scorched-earth campaign was the town’s chapel. I thought perhaps the church office might have some records, and after speaking to one of the pastors (their office was upstairs in the museum building), it became clear any records that might be helpful were not there but held in the archives in Tromsø.

At the newspaper office, I tried to find the obituary for Thor or at least a notice about an accident (we do not know how he died—there was a theory that he committed suicide but no evidence of it). I looked through the newspa-per for Oct. 6, 1941, the day he died, and for the following week, but there were no obitu-aries or accident notices. The employee at the newspaper office suggested I contact the Oslo newspaper since that is where Thor was from. I contacted Aftenposten via chat and was lucky to be able to make contact with some-one who found Thor’s obituary (see photo). But it didn’t have the one piece of information I needed, his cause of death—it only said he died plutselig (suddenly).

But before I left Hammerfest to visit the national archives in Tromsø, I needed to understand how Thor was able to go on an extensive 700-mile hiking trip through-out Finnmark while under Nazi occupation, while there were travel restrictions and food rationing. I have the journal he wrote about his fottur, and I have so many questions. Wasn’t he nervous about the Nazi soldiers throughout Finnmark? Who was the woman he met, Ruth? Why did he ask her to marry him after knowing her for only a few days? And why and how did he die two weeks be-fore their wedding? Mysteries abound.

Randi is an art historian, photographer,

part-time genealogist, and writer living in Ithaca, N.Y. She can be contacted at rmill-manbrown@gmail.com.

The Search for Thorby Randi Millman-Brown

ski tournament in Canada took place in February 1941. The Norwegians, unsur-prisingly, took the honors in almost every contest. The Norwegian airmen excelled at swimming and track and field too, usually beating their opponents in charity games.

More importantly, they also excelled when it came to civic contributions. For instance, on May 17, 1941, a “17th of May Greeting” was sent to the Spirit of Little Norway Fund, a savings account started to pay for new airplanes. Ac-cording to Baston, “every member of the RNAF pledged a portion of his monthly pay for the duration of the war,” an idea that “originated among the airmen them-selves” (p. 107).

By early 1942, all space at Little Norway in Toronto was in use with no room for expansion. This plus a desire for a safer spot to train flyers plus inad-equate hangar space and citizen criticism of the noise prompted a move to Muskoka Airport for the duration of the war. The RNAF purchased an adjacent farm with room to build. The official opening was May 4, 1942, and there Little Norway re-mained until a closing ceremony on Feb. 17, 1945.

Also used by Little Norway residents was “Vesle Skaugum,” named in honor of Crown Prince Olav’s home near Oslo. This served as a recreational camp but since it was near Muskoka, it later be-came the site for the Radio School after

the camp was moved from Toronto.It was at Vesle Skaugum that five­year­

old Prince Harald set forth about 7 a.m. one frosty September morning in 1942. He was “observed dashing from the main building in a bathing suit, running to the lake and diving into the cold water. He swam out to a div-ing tower, climbed to the top, jumped off, and swam back to shore. Harald repeated his fearless swimming adventure every morn-ing during his stay at Vesle Skaugum, to the amusement and admiration of the airmen” (p. 122). Of such stuff are Norwegian kings made.

But this same determination and cour-age is also found among many everyday peo-ple when placed in the pressure cookers of war, natural disasters, and other calamities. That is the point that comes across repeat-edly in Baston’s book, making it a pleasure to read, not just for those with Norwegian, Canadian, or Norwegian Canadian heritage, but, as Baston amply illustrates, with human heritage, which dictates that “when the going gets tough, the tough get going.”

Reviewers’s Note: Baston says there are many more stories to tell of the Little Norway era. She included little about anyone from the United States. training at Little Norway. Per-haps a follow-up article is possible if some of these stories are relayed to this reviewer via email, bkr9950@gmail.com.

Exile Air is available for $28.95 at www.oldstonebooks.com and at select bookstores.

< ExilE air From page 10

available in the United States is Ski Queen Gjetost which is sold in a red package in most supermarkets; it contains both goat and cow milk. However, you can now buy the blue-packaged Tine’s Ekte Geitost, which is made entirely from goat’s milk, at any of the major Scandinavian food stores, such as Willy’s Products in Florida, Scandinavian Specialties in Seattle, or Ingebretsen’s in Minnesota. These outfits have mail order so you don’t have to drive to them unless it is convenient. If you need a good cheese slicer, you can usually find them at any high­end kitchenware store; if they do not carry the Norwegian ones, the German ones usually are equivalent.

So now you have no excuse for not at least knowing about brunost and its blessings. If you have never eaten brunost, go try it; you may simply like it or you may fall in love with it. It tastes like nothing else in the world. How important is it to Norwegians? Well, Marianne Krogness, a famous Norwegian comedian and singer even wrote a song about it called “Jeg vil ikke dele dusj og geitost med deg” (I will not share my shower or goat cheese with you). In Norway, you know you have been dumped when your girlfriend or wife won’t share her beloved geitost with you!

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theNorwegiaNamerican20 • December 29, 2017

Norsk Språk

Norwegian Language Corner

FANTESTREKER PÅ SKOLENdel 2 av 77

«Vangsgutane» går på skolen annen-hver uke, og de har nokså lang skoleveg. På skolen er det mange barn og mye liv og moro. Men der er også en gutt som heter Larris, og han er ikke alltid så grei. Han lærer sjelden leksene sine og har mer lyst til å finne på fantestreker. Larris er sterk og nokså snarsint, og mange av de andre barna er redde for han.

Larris har lurt seg til å legge trekloss-er under kateteret, slik at det står og vip-per. Læreren bøyer seg fram og skal til å skrive i dagboka. Da detter kateteret over ende med et brak, og læreren faller framover golvet. Larris og vennene hans storler og klapper i hendene.

Da blir Steinar Vangen harm. Han rei-ser seg opp og roper at de skal tie stille. «Pass deg du, ellers skal jeg komme og lære deg å være snill gutt,» mener Larris og skuler olmt på Steinar.

«Det må du heller lære deg sjøl,» svarer Steinar. Dette tåler ikke Larris. Han hopper fram på golvet, knytter nevene og vil ta Steinar.

MISCHIEF AT SCHOOLpart 2 of 77

The Vangen boys go to school every second week, and it is a fairly long road to school. At school there are many children and lots of fun and laughter. But there is also a boy called Larris, and he is not always very kind to others. He seldom learns his lessons and would rather make mischief. Larris is strong and has rather a short temper, and many of the other chil-dren are afraid of him.

Larris has played a trick and put wooden blocks under the teacher’s desk, so that it wobbles. The teacher leans forward and is just about to write in his journal. Then the desk falls over with a crash, and the teacher tumbles forward onto the floor. Larris and his friends roar with laughter and clap their hands.

Then Steinar Vangen becomes very angry. He stands up and shouts at them to be quiet. “Watch out, or I’ll come and teach you how to be a nice boy,” says Lar-ris, giving Steinar a mean look.

“You need to learn that yourself,” answers Steinar. Larris can’t take this. He jumps forward with his fists clenched, ready to fight Steinar.

Vangsgutane, or The Boys From Vangen, was written

by Leif Halse, translated by Alexander Knud Hunt-rods, and llustrated by Jens R. Nilssen. The 2009 book was designed and published by Deb Nelson Gourley

of Astri My Astri publishing. Copyright © Steinar Floan Halse.

$9.95 plus $4.95 shipping in USA • www.astrimyastri.com

Phone: 563-568-6229gourleydeb@gmail.comwww.astrimyastri.com

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Words of the year

Each year Språkrådet (The Language Council of Norway) and Professor Gisle An-dersen of the Department of Professional and Intercultural Communications of the Norwe-gian School of Economics compiles a list of the top 10 most significant new words added to the language.

In 2015, the most significant new word was the expression Det grønne skiftet (The green shift), designating a shift of environ-mental policy toward greener alternatives (The Norwegian American, Dec. 7, 2015: www.norwegianamerican.com/news/words-of-the-year).

In 2016, the most significant new word was hverdagsintegrering (everyday integra-tion) that designates the everyday efforts of ordinary residents to integrate refugees and immigrants into society (The Norwegian

American, Jan. 10, 2017: www.norwegiana-merican.com/norsk/words-of-the-year-2016).

In 2017, the most significant new word is falske nyheter, a direct translation from the English phrase “fake news,” first used in the late 19th century to designate deliberate misinformation published with the intent to mislead.

Of the nine other new words following first­place falske nyheter, five reflect con-temporary politics:

2) lillavelger (lilac voter), a person who votes midway between the political left and right, graphically represented in media by red and blue.

3) plasthval (plastic whale), a whale that suffers the fate of the 20 foot-long goose-beaked whale, famished and stranded on Jan. 1, 2017, on the beach of the island of Sotra in Hordaland County.

4) imamsleiking (imam fawning), a de-rogatory term for servile demeanor in deal-ing with Muslims.

5) spinner, a loanword from English, the name of the “fidget spinner” toy.

6) svenske tilstander (Swedish condi-tions), social conditions similar to those of contemporary Sweden in which liberal im-migration has led to troublesome ghettos.

7) lynlader (ultra-fast charging), the technology of electric-vehicle charging sta-tions along major highways.

8) ekkokammer (echo chamber), a musi-cal stage production directed and composed by Maja S.K. Ratkje for Trondheim Voices, an avant garde ensemble.

9) datarulling (data rollover), translated from the English word for the mobile-phone subscriber service of allowing unused data capacity of one month to be credited to the following month.

10) oktoberbarn (October children), term for the 5,000 lone refugee children who arrived in Norway in the autumn of 2015, most from Afghanistan and many of them without identification or verifiable birth dates. So birth dates were calculated from the dates they were registered as asylum seekers. Those then estimated to be 16 when they ar-rived in the peak month of October turned 18 in October 2017, and then lost their legal protection as minors, subject to obligatory return to Afghanistan.

Further reading: Årets ord: falske nyheter (“Word of the year: Fake news”), Language Council of Norway press release, Dec. 11, 2017, www.sprakradet.no/Vi-og-vart/hva-skjer/Aktuelt/2017/arets-ord-2017-falske-nyheter (Norwegian).

Photos: (above) Frederick Burr Opper, (right) ClEVEr and E.ON partnershipAbove: A historical illustration of the year’s top word, this 1894 cartoon depicts a man with “fake news” rushing to the printing press.Right: A CLEVER ultra-fast electric car charging station in Norway, an example of the seventh-place word.

m. micHaeL brady

Asker, Norway

M. Michael Brady was edu-

cated as a scientist and,

with time, turned to writing and translating.

The top 10 Norwegian words added in 2017

theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 21Norsk Språk

What in the world will you do with all that molasses?

Well you see, the Farm Bureau recommends that we should feed molasses to the cows.

Molasses? Oh yeah.

The county agent said it is the best feed we can buy for milk cows.

Hjalmar by Nils Axle Kanten

Han Ola og Han Per by Peter J. Rosendahl, with new translations by John Erik Stacy

Hjalmar! Who’s parked their car in our courtyard?!

Expensive as hell, but absolutely worth it! You gotta have a car that shows who’s the boss!

Lunch by Børge Lund

Is this where they’re giving out free lunches?

Right, guys! We’ve got our hands on a prestigious project, and you, elite soldiers, are going to war!

Pondus by Frode Øverli

Yes, but the question was: Do you think I’m fat?

I h-have no idea, darling!

Look!

It’s only when you stand under the starry sky that you realize how tiny you really are!

BUNADS FOR SALE:

• Adult approx. size 10• Child size 8• Made in Norway. Have appraisal of the adult one. It is of the Oslo area. It was my mother’s; she was from Arendal (Oppland- Gudbransdalen-Graffer area)

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reidunruth@msn.com

Shucks!

Nice car... Nice BMW. My BMW!

If you’re man enough to look the challenge in the eye, stay seated! The others can take a shrimp sandwich and toddle back to safer surroundings...

< graFikk Fra side 2

var i Norge første gang som utviklingsstu-dent, søkte seg til Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo fordi hun mente at dette lærestedet har verdens beste verksteder.

Det er dyrt å kjøpe kunst, men grafikken har alltid vært innen økonomisk rekkevidde for folk flest. På en utstilling i Tromsø slo tre kunstnere seg sammen om å stille ut grafikk. Kurt Edvin Blix Hansen er maler og grafiker, og han har notert seg at interessen for grafikk er på opptur.

— Mange kunststudenter har vært in-nom for å forhøre seg litt nærmere om teknikkene og håndverket, sier han.

Kollega Are Andreassen viser fram en minipresse som kunstnerne har med seg til utstillingslokalet. Her kan publikum få prøve selv. Det er en dialog mellom kunstnerne og publikum.

— Det er fryktelig artig. Det er en måte å samle historier på, og trykke dem, sier han.

— Grafikken har alltid hatt høy status her i Norge, takket være kunsten til Edvard Munch. Munchmuseet har alltid stilt ut grafikken hans på lik linje med maleriene, sier Mikkelborg.

Og hos Grev Wedels Plass Auksjoner i Oslo er den årlige Munch-auksjonen godt i gang. Den er en førjulstradisjon.

— Salget av Munchs grafikk har hatt et kraftig oppsving de siste årene. Vi har Munch­grafikk i alle prisklasser for å fjerne myten om at all Munchs grafikk er helt uoppnåelig i pris. Så trykk fra 10-20.000 kroner og oppover, har vi med på auksjonen. Det dyreste danne gangen ble «Brosjen», som gikk for 2, 4 millioner kroner, sier auks-jonarius Hans Richard Elgheim.

– Unknown

« A New Year’s resolution is something that goes in one year and out the other. »

theNorwegiaNamerican22 • December 29, 2017

Research & Science

Creativity or conformity?Profiles of Norwegian science:

Ilan Kelman (www.ilankelman.organd Twitter @Ilan Kelman) is a Read-

er in Risk, Resilience, and Global

Health at University College Lon-

don, and a fellow at the University of Agder, Norway. His overall research interest is linking disasters and

health, including the integration of climate change into disaster research and health research.

iLan keLman Agder, Norway

Does Norway discourage world-class science? Are mediocrity and conformity preferred over ster-ling scientific achievement?

From the numbers of Norwegian research teams seeking research funding, it might be hard to answer “yes” to either of these questions. Especially if the tenet “quantity is a form of quality” is accepted.

In October, the Research Council of Norway received 728 applications for the NOK 1.5 billion available for topics ranging from nanotechnology to petroleum to sustainable transport. In September, 999 applications sought a share of the NOK 1.6 billion up for grabs, which included questions defined by the researcher applying, not by the Research Council.

These figures do not include applications sent to other science funders, most notably the European Union. Plus, Norwegian researchers seek a range of other funding, including through consultancies or science supported by the for­profit and not­for­profit sectors.

Several of these applications focus on group projects involving consortia of institutions. Other re-search grants exist from Norway and from outside the country for individual researchers to pursue their science dreams on their own. Many of these individ-ual grant programs support early career researchers, helping them to develop their thinking for creating their own research pathways.

The expectation, particularly within Norway’s system of research funding, is that any scientist will eventually transition to collaborative, large-scale projects rather than continuing with individual sparks satiating their own curiosity in their own way. Large-scale international endeavors, aiming for groupthink consensus, are favored over individuals independent-ly following their imagination.

Pooling resources and brainstorming collec-tively can bring advantageous checks and balances. Teamwork can stimulate members through bouncing ideas back and forth while building on each other’s ingenuity.

Careful facilitation is essential. Those with the loudest voice, not necessarily the most correct or most intelligent one, sometimes dominate. Shy, cau-tious, introverted brilliance could be extinguished.

Some people enjoy isolation, sitting at their desk to use their brains and 21st-century technology for thinking, inspiring, communicating, exchanging, and collaborating. Project meetings and scientific work-shops entail travel, detracting from family life while burning fossil fuels.

Conversely, trips broaden the mind through new experiences, triggering flashes of insight. Face­to­face interaction animates conversation. Group ex-

ercises blend and build expertise. The gains can far exceed the costs.

Ultimately, science must be a balance between individualism and collectivism.

If the pursuit of large grants with multiple part-ners overtakes time for ourselves, then this balance becomes undermined. We focus on work plans, mile-stones, deliverables, budget lines, and tick boxes for reports that sit on shelves. It detracts from science and knowledge expressed through presenting and publishing for the world.

We end up conforming and avoiding confronta-tion rather than thinking differently. We aim to fit in with what everyone else does and how they do it, rather than following our brain cells. If we fail to lower ourselves to the level of the least capable col-league in the room, if we play solo by sniffing out a less-traveled route from pure curiosity, then we are not supporting the team.

Too often, intellectually risky pursuits and de-viations from the plan submitted a few years ago in the initial proposal are frowned upon. Robust debate and intense critiquing are discouraged as being too negative and too critical, even though these actions are the hallmarks of innovation.

Never challenge the system or deviate from the majority. Otherwise, punishment awaits.

Yet is it fair to claim a curse on being creative in Norway? The Research Council of Norway provides multiple grants for large, project-based consortia, as does the European Union. Both also support grants for individuals, especially for young researchers with numerous opportunities to spend time outside of one’s home country.

The key, as always, is variety and balance. For science, no single solution dominates or should dom-inate. We need a combination of independent work, small groups, and large teams.

Working together does not have to mean confor-mity. Seeking a balance of viewpoints and compro-mise does not have to mean mediocrity. By continu-ing to push and pull in many directions simultane-ously, Norway will continue to achieve world-class science.

Photo: ilan kelmanCollaborative research on and about Frøya, near Trondheim.

AUVs to replace research shipsNorwegian researchers use drones to study the marine environment

Many of the classic voyages of exploration were made to conduct re-search. In 1766, The Royal Society of Great Britain hired Captain James Cook to sail the Endeavour to carry British naturalist Sir Joseph Banks to the Pacific Ocean to make a record of the transit of the planet Venus across the Sun. In 1831-1836, the young naturalist Charles Darwin was on board the Royal Navy HMS Beagle as it circled the globe, enabling him to make the observations that formed the bases of the scientific theories that bear his name today, making the Beagle one of the most famed ships in history. By 1881, research conducted on vessels had become so significant that the U.S. Navy commissioned the building of the USS Albatross, the world’s first purpose­built marine research vessel. Launched in 1882, the Alba-

tross cost $190,000 to build, an enormous sum for its time, equivalent to $4.9 million in 2017 dollars.

Modern research vessels are even more expensive, particularly as an increasing share of research is done under water, by divers deployed from surface support vessels. So now drones, technically known as Au-tonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are being developed as a more cost-effective means of researching underwater marine environments. In August and September this year, Akvaplan-niva (www.akvaplan.niva.no/en), a R&D consultancy at the Fram Center—the High North Research Center for Climate and the Environment—in Tromsø (www.framsenter-et.no/english), conducted comparative tests of three AUVs in waters of northern Norway, from Sandnessjøen and Bodø. Two of the AUVs, the Sailbouy made by Offshore Sensing, and the Seaglider, one of six AUVs made by Kongsberg Maritime, were developed and are now produced in Norway. The third AUV is the Waveglider, made by Liquid Robot-ics, a Boeing subsidiary, of Sunnyvale, Calif., and operated by Maritime Robotics of Norway. The results of the tests were promising. So now the data acquired are being analyzed. In March through October 2018, the AUVs again will be tested, prior to a six-year prototype operation period in which instrumentation and interfaces will be further developed to suit market needs.

In addition to meeting the design goals, the AUVs contribute to re-ducing the emissions and costs of acquiring data in metocean* studies, because they eliminate the need for using research vessels to chart the environmental parameters of sea areas.

Further reading: “Self-driving ships come in all sizes,” The Norwegian

American, Oct. 5, 2017: www.norwegianamerican.com/research/self-driving-ships.

*metocean is a neologism lexicographers are now arguing about whether to include in dictionaries; in contemporary science, it refers to the syl-labic abbreviation of meteorology and oceanography.

m. micHaeL brady

Asker, Norway

Photo: akvaplan-niva From left to right, the three UAVs being tested in Norway are Sailbuoy, Seaglider, and Wave Glider.

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theNorwegiaNamerican December 29, 2017 • 23Puzzles

Norsk-Engelsk Kryssordby Ed Egerdahl of the Scandinavian Language Institute

VANNRETT1. retning den unge mannen skulle reise (N)5. hva de andre reinsdyrene kalte stakkars Rudolf10. en utrolig vellykket fest15. å bøye bak og sy ned18. å høre igjen og igjen og igjen19. en kombinasjon av oksygen med en annen element20. fransk meny ord21. et tre uten blad for eks.22. den krokete delen av avløpet23. latinsk konge24. ubehagelig samtale26. ringeklokke dame27. gå forbi på en måte29. kunst fra skuldrene oppover30. Mjøsa og Tinnsjø for eks.32. si noe som ikke er sant33. kirsebær kildre34. å nekte å legge merke til37. veldig bratt eller veldig tynn40. europeisk fotball poeng41. scene produksjon42. den som synes det er dumt å lære det norske språket46. peis brensel47. første delen av hilsningen48. fra første linjen av hyrdenes julesang49. sjøfarts bokstaver50. å være lei seg51. en eneste52. magisk stav53. vasker gulvet54. å kjempe mot en annen55. sportsmann “mel”56. gris eller barneholder57. hadde frokost58. der du er akkurat nå59. flaggermus60. det betyr “ny” foran et ord61. sjåføren på denne skolebussen!62. visemann antall (N)63. kattefamilie snakk

64. fransk ost65. skogens grønt66. en liten skvett brennevin67. universelt språk nord for Ballardbruen69. hun som gav oss begynnelsen (N)70. hvordan en båt går gjennom vannet72. glad i (noe)73. bondested (Nynorsk)74. bære på noe tungt75. julenissens hjelper i kryssord avdelingen!77. Gilligans hus78. mat innkjøp ting79. kaldtbords stolthet (N)80. tredje delen av hilsningen81. det er slurket fra “skål bolle”82. en del av 41V.83. fra første linjen av de tre kongenes julesang84. brunost produserer85. å finne veien rundt noe vanskelig86. romerske nummere—50, 500 og 1.000

87. “riå” er egentlig svaret (beklager, men sånt er det!)88. med 81V. en populær engelsk drikke (N)89. smerte90. J.P.S. gode venner91. Marcs kjæreste dronning for kort92. spansk “mars” måned94. sylteagurk krydder95. komme på noe96. folk interessert i å være aktive97. det du har til det gode99. fjelltur100. Hudsons saltvann101. ha lite tid (N)103. norsk kaffeord!!!104. løpe fra en spanjer108. fra første linjen av englenes julesang109. flyplass koffert bærere113. tak materiale på et stabbur

114. ikke dette115. fargete del av øyet 116. mange mennesker sammen117. i slekt med 61V. (N)119. tysk nummer120. Williams eller Turner121. gjør lettere122. spekekjøtt adjektiv123. hankjønns barn

LODDRETT1. dyreleger for kort2. lysebrun farge3. pikenavn for kort4. faller sammen5. beskriver vikinger med eller uten horn6. vedhugger utstyr7. blande sammen8. hans nyttårs resolusjoner inkluderer… (Å, glem det for dette året!)9. kino del II eller III10. samme som 104V.11. ødelegge litt12. flyplass forkortelse13. foran er det familie til et annet ekteskap (N)14. god dag eller hei15. eier, har16. gresk kjærlighets gud17. på én av toalett dørene21. stekt i ovnen25. hvordan noe er brukt28. g-string melodi29. ubehagelig barn31. det solen gjør i østen33. skipsverft navn34. franske øyer35. slengord for jente36. ikke brukt (N)37. ski område38. gjorde bedre og skarpere39. den tilhører meg (N)40. borte41. Romas biskop43. den som stryker klærne44. lengste ute45. et stort fjellsett i Wyoming47. trafikk vei (N)48. kodespråk for de som vil prøve å forvirre svensker og dansker49. sted52. Star-Trek hastighet

53. typisk svar til 63V.54. over interessert i seg selv58. en gjeng kuer eller geiter59. en liten spiker62. fra andre linjen av fa-la-la-la-la julesangen63. fransk fjell64. ørn, måke eller kråke65. London supper vær 66. andre delen av hilsningen67. lukteutstyr68. noe problematisk (N)69. fra sangen, “eller vil du heller bli en _____”70. apotek forkortelse71. juledame med lysekrone på hodet72. en tredje del av et dusin (N)74. kysseutstyr75. født tidligere76. biler til salgs som er ganske lite brukt78. mest moderne79. å bli skitten80. fortalte om81. fjerde delen av hilsningen

84. en gruppe 35L.85. peppermynte sukkerstokk89. deodorant sted90. en litt mindre variasjon av 35L. (N)91. hylende ville hunder93. jobber94. din kjære lærer stående på hodet!95. et nyttår er flyt med disse96. en del av hydrokraft produksjon98. spesiell skredder stoff99. dans for folk i sine sokker100. dårlig101. tapper til skilpadden102. ørken tørt103. veikart104. elektrisk mål105. buckøye stat106. motsatte av urett (N)107. franske somrer108. nummer én på sanglisten110. historisk periode111. computer ord112. billiard stokk113. himmelens varmer (N)118. Heyerdahl båt

Ed Egerdahl wrote these puzzles for Scandinavian Language Institute’s classes at Seattle’s Nordic Heritage Museum. It’s possible a few of the clues will make more sense if you remember that—there may be some Seattle-centric answers. There’s definitely some wacky humor, and if you find yourself uncertain about a two-letter answer, try “Ed.” (N) = skriv på norsk. Otherwise, the answers are in English.

Puzzles by Sölvi Dolland“Folke-vise”

ACROSS/VANNRETT1. Såle5. Clear9. Spills (liquid)10. Noterte12. Skribent13. Above (Var.)15. In16. The lineage18. Tå19. Fødselsnavn20. Pig21. Theme22. Gjøre feil23. Fortærte24. Briste25. Lyve26. Morro27. Brannstiftelse30. Matter31. Bie34. Begeistrer35. Synke36. Worm37. Reek38. Pale

39. Eighty40. The world42. Genuineness44. Tail45. Takserings mann46. Subject47. Zest

DOWN/LODDRETT1. Sons2. Get enraged3. Grasmark4. Nourished5. Knuter6. Promised7. Spiste8. Interested9. Tendons11. Dømmer12. Furu14. Kjøtt17. Keep quiet20. Oppnå21. Farm yard

Norwenglish Crossword

Directions: Translate English words to Norwegian, or vice versa, before posting in the puzzle. #25 / 92

by Andrew R. Thurson

24. Buck25. Pilot26. Tricks27. Inrømme28. Roser29. Dreie unna

30. Sitte31. Bry32. Peas33. Utstråle35. Sense38. Men

39. Eight41. Demning43. Turmoil

Professional Ship and Yacht Repair Since 1946 Two Marine Railways to 160 ft. x 600 tons

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