The Northern Renaissance Chapter 17 section 2 Page 423.
Transcript of The Northern Renaissance Chapter 17 section 2 Page 423.
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The Northern RenaissanceChapter 17 section 2
Page 423
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Do You Remember….. Where did the Renaissance begin? Northern Italy What caused England and France to lag behind? They were both fighting each other in the Hundred
Years War Humanists argued that if you enjoyed life, you would
offend God. True or False. False.- Argued to enjoy life without offending God Name 3 qualities a Renaissance Man would posses. Witty, charming, sings, dance, writes poetry, skilled
rider, wrestler, self control Which 2 famous paintings did Leonardo da Vinci
paint? Mona Lisa and Last Supper Michelangelo painted the ceiling of which chapel? Sistine Chapel
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Northern Renaissance Begins
Works of artists like Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci and Raphael showed the Renaissance spirit
All 3 artists demonstrated:
*an interest in classical culture
*curiosity about the world
*belief in human potential
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Michelangelo
da Vinci
Raphael
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Ideas Spread
By the late 1400s Renaissance ideas spread to northern Europe, especially France, England, Germany and Flanders
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England
France
Flanders
Germany
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By 1450 population starting to bounce back after bubonic plague, and the Hundred Years’ War had ended
Cities grew rapidly and wealthy Urban merchants could sponsor artists
What does “sponsor” mean?
* to support financially
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Sponsorship
Flanders was the first place to sponsor artists because it was rich from cloth and trading
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Italy was divided into city-states, but England and France united under strong monarchs and rulers often sponsored artists
Francis I of France, purchased Renaissance paintings and invited Leonardo da Vinci to retire in France
Francis I also hired Italian architects to rebuild his castle at Fontainebleau, which became a showcase of French renaissance
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Fontainebleau Castle
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Royal courts played a major role in introducing Renaissance styles to northern Europe
As ideas spread from Italy, blended with northern traditions= northern renaissance developed its own character
Many humanists were interested in religious ideas rather than secular themes that were popular in Italy
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Artistic Ideas Spread
In 1494, a French king launched an invasion in through northern Italy
Many people (including artists) were forced to flee to a safer life in northern Europe
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Some Were German Painters
Albrect Durer, son of a goldsmith- many of his prints portray religious subjects; work inspired other German artists
Hans Holbein- specialized in paintings that looked almost photogenic in detail- enjoyed success in England, painting portraits of King Henry VIII and members of the royal family
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Self portrait of Albrecht Durer
portrait by Hans Holbein
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Flemish Painting (Flanders)
First great Flemish Renaissance painter was Jan van Eyck who developed techniques with oil based paints still used today
Oil paintings became popular and spread to Italy
Van Eyck’s paintings display unusually realistic details and reveal the personality of their subjects
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Self portrait of Jan van Eyck
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My favorite oil based painter…Bob Ross
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=raXanYjTF18
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Another Flemish Painter
Peter Bruegal the Elder produced paintings about landscapes or peasant scenes
The Wedding Feast
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Northern Writers Try to Reform Society Just like Italian art influenced northern
painters, Renaissance ideas influence writers and philosophers of northern Europe
Writers adopted the idea of humanism, but gave it more of a religious slant
Some northern humanists are called also Christian humanists
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Christian Humanists Best known were Desiderius Erasmus of
Holland and Thomas More of England The two were good friends
Erasmus More
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Desiderius Erasmus Received honors from kings, princes and
cardinals for his brilliant writings Most famous book, The Praise of Folly,
poked fun of greedy merchants, heartsick lovers and pompous priests
He wrote it while staying at Thomas More’s home
He believed in Christianity of the heart, not one of ceremony and rules
Also believed that all people should read the bible in order to improve society
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Thomas More Wrote Utopia, a book about a flawless society
in 1516 Utopia came to mean “ideal place” due to
More’s book In Utopia, greed, corruption, war and crime
had been weeded out
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French humanist, Francois Rabelais believed humans were basically good and should live by instinct rather than religious roles
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William Shakespeare
Wrote in Renaissance England Many consider him to be the greatest
playwright of all time http://www.youtube.com/watch?
src_vid=vQGATTeg1Os&feature=iv&annotation_id=annotation_829350&v=9oPe7tG0vYs
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The Invention That Changed The World!The Printing Press
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The Old Way Chinese invention of block printing helped
spread Renaissance ideas throughout Europe
During the 13th century, European printers began using block printing to create whole pages to bind into books
This process was too slow John Gutenberg reinvented moveable type
around 1440 and made it more practical
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Each block was carved by hand with each character in position which meant a completely new carved block for each page
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Gutenberg’s Printing Press Gutenberg later invented a printing press- a
machine that presses paper against a full tray of inked moveable type
The first full-size book printed with moveable type was the bible- known as the Gutenberg Bible, printed in 1455
Had a revolutionary impact on society Enabled a printer to produce hundreds of
copies, all exactly alike
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The invention of movable type was made from a durable metal that could be cast from a mold rather than hand-carved from wood
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Effects
For the first time, books were cheap enough that people could buy them
By 1500, presses in about 250 cities had printed between 9 and 10 million books!
At first, just religious books were printed, then travel books and medical manuals were printed
Availability of books encouraged people to read causing a spike in literacy
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People all over the land were exclaiming….
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Understanding
Writing in vernacular languages increased because those who didn’t have “classical” education could read in their own language
Printers printed the Bible in vernacular, allowing more people to read it
People started to interpret the bible for themselves and became more critical of priests behavior
This leads to demands for religious reform
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http://www.youtube.com/user/historyteachers#p/u/27/7e2bA3tTYow
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GDfpHWZw67Y
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Assignment: Create a political cartoon about the invention of the Printing Press, or the effects it had on society