The Northern Colonies

Religious Disagreement in England

* King Henry VIII broke away from the Catholic Church in 1534 and formed the Anglican church.*Puritans: Wanted to “purify” the Anglican church in England and get rid of Catholic influences in it.

*Separatists: Left the Anglican church and formed their own groups. Today we call this group Pilgrims.

Pilgrims → Plymouth * The Pilgrims fled from England to escape Religious persecution *Came on the Mayflower, a ship that carried 100 men, women, and children.*Plymouth was founded in 1620

A Conservative Bunch

*Ministers were a big deal in the New England Colonies and were held in respect as a source of both religious and educational instruction.

Massachusetts Bay Colony

The Great Migration: *Fleeing religious persecutions, political repression, and poor economic conditions in England, 17,000 people came to America 20 years after the Pilgrims settled Plymouth. *Mass. Bay Colony founded in 1630 by John Winthrop.

No “Starving Time”

*Mass Bay does pretty well for itself. There are more people, they have more supplies, and they don’t starve to death, cannibalize anyone, or eat shoes.

*Make their capital in Boston and eventually join with the Plymouth Colony.

*But it’s still a theocracy…….

Discuss

*How were the people who came to Massachusetts different from the people who settled in Virginia?

VS

Rhode Island

*Founded by Roger Williams in 1636 *Williams started out in Mass. but the Puritans tried to send him back to England for his controversial views.

Heretics

* Williams had two main opinions that the Puritans disagreed with:

1. Settlers in the Americas should pay the Native Americans for their land.

2. People should have the freedom to worship as they choose*Anne Hutchinson was also considered a heretic by the Puritans for believing people could learn about God on their own without ministers.

Perks of Living in RI

*Two Guarantees of Living in Rhode Island:

* Separation of Church and State (So, NOT a theocracy)

*Religious Freedom

Pennsylvania

* Founded by William Penn in 1681* Penn was a Quaker. Quakers:

*Believed everyone was equal

*Believed in freedom of Religion

*Pacifists (anti-violence and war) *In Pennsylvania, every man was given 50 acres of land and could vote. There was also a representative assembly.

“City of Brotherly Love”

*Philadelphia the capital of Pennsylvania*William Penn paid the Native Americans for the land, and for 50 years the Pennsylvania Colony had no conflict with the Native Americans.

Discuss

*How do Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay differ from Rhode Island and Pennsylvania in terms of Religious toleration?

….Native Americans?

*How do Plymouth and Mass. Bay differ from Rhode Island and Pennsylvania in terms of relations with the Native Americans?