THE NON-NATIVE MONOGENEA THAPAROCLEIDUS CAECUS
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THE NON-NATIVE MONOGENEA THAPAROCLEIDUS CAECUS (MONOGENEA: DACTYLOGYRIDAE) IN INDIA ON ITS INTRODUCED HOST, PANGASIANODON HYPOPHTHALMUS (SAUVAGE, 1878): ABOUT TWO DECADES OF UNNOTICED PRESENCE Anshu Chaudhary 1,2 , Hridaya Shanker Singh 1 , Csaba Székely 2 1 Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 2 Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), India ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Type D Scholarship provided by Balassi Institute, Hungarian Scholarship Board and UGC (University Grants Commission) India, under the Post Doctoral Fellowship to Anshu Chaudhary and by the Uttar Pradesh Government, Centre of Excellence, India, to HSS, project number (No.1486/70-4-2011-46(43)/2010). ABSTRACT In the context of biological invasion, scientists increasingly aware the impact of invasive species on native communities. The introduced species can act as vector of non-native parasites with devastating effects. Exotic species tremendously cause economic loss, modify ecosystem functions and can threaten the native ones. During a survey of non-native monogenean parasites of Meerut region, India, the freshwater iridescent shark of family Pangasiidae, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Previously Pangasius sutchi) was found infected with monogenean parasites. P. hypophthalmus, a freshwater fish popular for used as food fish in India which is also abundantly available in Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia and Thailand. It is a native of Mekong River in Vietnam, has been introduced in several ecosystems worldwide, reproduced at a high rate, resulting in dense population of small specimens. P. hypophthalmus has been proven adaptable for intensive production in many countries and culturing this fish to boost up the aquaculture. Parasitological examination of P. sutchi revealed the presence of a non-native monogenean parasite of genus Thaparocleidus. The large number of parasites (~200) on a single fish, suggests their successful reproduction in the non-native Indian geographical region. Morphology and morphometrics of the parasite showed similarity with Thaparocleidus caecus (Mizelle and Kritsky, 1969) Gussev, 1978 of Southeast Asia. After morphological analysis, we have examined 28S rDNA sequences of the parasites to substantiate the findings. The 28S rDNA sequence of T. caecus showed close relationship with other Thaparocleidus species represented in GenBank, with most closely to Thaparocleidus sp. BDY (EF100555) (98%). The 28S tree showed a better resolution within the clade for T. caecus (high bootstrap values of 100%). This is the first and only 28S sequence of T. caecus (KF361477) available on Genbank database. This represents the first record of T. caecus in India and provides a clear avenue for human- assisted introduction of P. hypophthalmus. Thus, it seemed possible that this non-native monogenea has remained unnoticed over the past decades. Fig. 2 Male copulatory organ of Thaparocleidus caecus. Figs 4-7 Haptoral armature of Thaparocleidus caecus (Mizelle and Kritsky 1969) Gussev 1978. (4) Dorsal anchor and dorsal bar (5) Ventral anchor and bars (6) Hook (7) Male copulatory organ. Scale = 50 μm Fig. 1 Pangasianodon hypophthalmus collected for the study. Fig. 3 Haptoral armature of Thaparocleidus caecus. Pseudancylodiscoides sp. HSY1 Pseudancylodiscoides sp. HSY4 Pseudancylodiscoides sp. HSY3 Thaparocleidus varicus Thaparocleidus infundibulovagina Thaparocleidus mutabilis Thaparocleidus obscura Thaparocleidus omegavagina Thaparocleidus sp. 2 XW-2007 Thaparocleidus cochleavagina Thaparocleidus vistulensis Thaparocleidus siluri Thaparocleidus asoti Thaparocleidus sp. NY2 Thaparocleidus sp. 1 XW-2007 Thaparocleidus sp. NY1 Thaparocleidus magnicirrus Silurodiscoides campylopterocirrus Thaparocleidus campylopterocirrus Thaparocleidus sp. 1 HS-2010 Thaparocleidus sp. 2 HS-2010 Thaparocleidus sp. BDY Thaparocleidus caecus Haliotrema sp. WXY-2007 Euryhaliotrema johnii Quadriacanthus kobiensis Quadriacanthus kobinensis 100 100 100 99 100 100 100 84 86 69 99 64 99 100 100 100 99 96 99 88 53 87 0.1 Fig. 8 Phylogenetic tree generated by maximum likelihood analysis of the 28S rDNA sequences of Thaparocleidus caecus and its relatives.
Transcript of THE NON-NATIVE MONOGENEA THAPAROCLEIDUS CAECUS
THE NON-NATIVE MONOGENEA THAPAROCLEIDUS CAECUS
(MONOGENEA: DACTYLOGYRIDAE) IN INDIA ON ITS INTRODUCED
HOST, PANGASIANODON HYPOPHTHALMUS (SAUVAGE, 1878):
ABOUT TWO DECADES OF UNNOTICED PRESENCE
Anshu Chaudhary1,2, Hridaya Shanker Singh1, Csaba Székely2
1Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary 2Department of Zoology, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut (U.P.), India
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Type D Scholarship provided by Balassi Institute, Hungarian Scholarship Board and UGC (University Grants Commission) India, under the Post Doctoral Fellowship to
Anshu Chaudhary and by the Uttar Pradesh Government, Centre of Excellence, India, to HSS, project number (No.1486/70-4-2011-46(43)/2010).
ABSTRACT
In the context of biological invasion, scientists increasingly aware the impact of invasive species on native
communities. The introduced species can act as vector of non-native parasites with devastating effects. Exotic species
tremendously cause economic loss, modify ecosystem functions and can threaten the native ones. During a survey of
non-native monogenean parasites of Meerut region, India, the freshwater iridescent shark of family Pangasiidae,
Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Previously Pangasius sutchi) was found infected with monogenean parasites. P.
hypophthalmus, a freshwater fish popular for used as food fish in India which is also abundantly available in Vietnam,
Bangladesh, Indonesia and Thailand. It is a native of Mekong River in Vietnam, has been introduced in several
ecosystems worldwide, reproduced at a high rate, resulting in dense population of small specimens. P. hypophthalmus
has been proven adaptable for intensive production in many countries and culturing this fish to boost up the
aquaculture.
Parasitological examination of P. sutchi revealed the presence of a non-native monogenean parasite of genus
Thaparocleidus. The large number of parasites (~200) on a single fish, suggests their successful reproduction in the
non-native Indian geographical region. Morphology and morphometrics of the parasite showed similarity with
Thaparocleidus caecus (Mizelle and Kritsky, 1969) Gussev, 1978 of Southeast Asia. After morphological analysis, we
have examined 28S rDNA sequences of the parasites to substantiate the findings. The 28S rDNA sequence of T.
caecus showed close relationship with other Thaparocleidus species represented in GenBank, with most closely to
Thaparocleidus sp. BDY (EF100555) (98%). The 28S tree showed a better resolution within the clade for T. caecus
(high bootstrap values of 100%). This is the first and only 28S sequence of T. caecus (KF361477) available on
Genbank database. This represents the first record of T. caecus in India and provides a clear avenue for human-
assisted introduction of P. hypophthalmus. Thus, it seemed possible that this non-native monogenea has remained
unnoticed over the past decades.
Fig. 2 Male copulatory organ of Thaparocleidus
caecus.
Figs 4-7 Haptoral armature of Thaparocleidus caecus (Mizelle and
Kritsky 1969) Gussev 1978. (4) Dorsal anchor and dorsal bar (5)
Ventral anchor and bars (6) Hook (7) Male copulatory organ. Scale =
50 μm
Fig. 1 Pangasianodon hypophthalmus collected for the study.
Fig. 3 Haptoral armature of Thaparocleidus
caecus.
Pseudancylodiscoides sp. HSY1
Pseudancylodiscoides sp. HSY4
Pseudancylodiscoides sp. HSY3
Thaparocleidus varicus
Thaparocleidus infundibulovagina
Thaparocleidus mutabilis
Thaparocleidus obscura
Thaparocleidus omegavagina
Thaparocleidus sp. 2 XW-2007
Thaparocleidus cochleavagina
Thaparocleidus vistulensis
Thaparocleidus siluri
Thaparocleidus asoti
Thaparocleidus sp. NY2
Thaparocleidus sp. 1 XW-2007
Thaparocleidus sp. NY1
Thaparocleidus magnicirrus
Silurodiscoides campylopterocirrus
Thaparocleidus campylopterocirrus
Thaparocleidus sp. 1 HS-2010
Thaparocleidus sp. 2 HS-2010
Thaparocleidus sp. BDY
Thaparocleidus caecus
Haliotrema sp. WXY-2007
Euryhaliotrema johnii
Quadriacanthus kobiensis
Quadriacanthus kobinensis 100
100
100
99
100
100
100
84
86
69
99
64
99
100
100
100
99
96
99
88
53
87
0.1
Fig. 8 Phylogenetic tree generated by maximum likelihood analysis of the 28S rDNA sequences of
Thaparocleidus caecus and its relatives.
