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The NLM Controlled Vocabulary Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) PubMed for Trainers, Spring 2015 U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) and NLM Training Center

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Objectives By the end of this session, you should be able to: Define MeSH Explain why we use MeSH Explain the hierarchical structure of MeSH Explore MeSH further Reviewed 2015/01 2

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Medical Subject Headings Defined Represent concepts found in the biomedical literature Like keywords on other systems Used to describe the subject of journal articles for MEDLINE Used for cataloging books and audiovisuals Used by searchers Revised annually Gives uniformity and consistency to the indexing of the biomedical literature Reviewed 2015/01 3

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Medical Subject Headings (MeSH Vocabulary) MeSH Vocabulary TypeExamples HeadingsBody Weight, Kidney, Dental Cavity Preparation, Self Medication, Brain Edema, Oseltamivir Subheadingsadverse effects, genetics, contraindications, ultrastructure Publication TypesLetter, Review, Practice Guideline, Twin Study Supplementary Concept Recordscordycepin, albuterol-ipratropium, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, nocturnin Reviewed 2015/01 4

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MeSH Headings (Examples) Lung Neoplasms Erythrocytes Quality of Life Diabetes Mellitus Ascorbic Acid Birth Order Glycolysis Patient Dropouts Reviewed 2015/01 5

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MeSH Entry Terms (Example) Entry Terms: Pulmonary Neoplasms Neoplasms, Lung Lung Neoplasm Neoplasm, Lung Neoplasms, Pulmonary Neoplasm, Pulmonary Pulmonary Neoplasm Lung Cancer Cancer, Lung Cancers, Lung Lung Cancers Pulmonary Cancer Cancer, Pulmonary Cancers, Pulmonary Pulmonary Cancers Cancer of the Lung Cancer of Lung Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. Reviewed 2015/01 6

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MeSH Tree Structure A. Anatomy B. Organisms C. Diseases D. Chemicals and Drugs E. Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment F. Psychiatry and Psychology G. Phenomena and Processes H. Disciplines and Occupations I. Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena J. Technology, Industry, Agriculture K. Humanities L. Information Science M. Named Groups N. Health Care V. Publication Characteristics Z. Geographicals Reviewed 2015/01 7

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MeSH Tree in Use Reviewed 2015/01 8

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MeSH Tree in Use 9 Reviewed 2015/01

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Pop Quiz (take a guess) Reviewed 2015/01 10

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Subheadings (Examples) Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis Erythrocytes/classification Quality of Life/legislation and jurisprudence Diabetes Mellitus/rehabilitation Ascorbic Acid/secretion Birth Order/physiology Glycolysis/genetics Patient Dropouts/psychology Reviewed 2015/01 11

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Subheading Groupings (Examples) adverse effects poisoning toxicity physiology genetics growth & development immunology metabolism biosynthesis blood cerebrospinal fluid deficiency enzymology pharmacokinetics urine physiopathology secretion therapy diet therapy drug therapy nursing prevention & control radiotherapy rehabilitation surgery transplantation Reviewed 2015/01 13

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Publication Types (Examples) Review Editorial Letter Interactive Tutorial Clinical Trial, Phase III Twin Study Reviewed 2015/01 14

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Publication Types in Hierarchy Reviewed 2015/01 15

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Supplementary Concepts Part of MeSH Database NOT full Headings Used to quickly add vocabulary Substances Protocols Rare Diseases Reviewed 2015/01 17

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The MeSH Database Reviewed 2015/01 19

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The MeSH Database (cont.) Reviewed 2015/01 20

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Open Quiz (use the MeSH Database) Reviewed 2015/01 Search for the word Fragaria. 24

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 25 1. If you search the term Patient Acuity in PubMed, what MeSH terms are also searched?

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 26 2. How far back can you search PubMed using the MeSH term Hand Disinfection?

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 27 3. What ages are included in a search using the MeSH term Adolescent?

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 28 4. What kind of term is heart attack?

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 29 5. What MeSH term and Subheading combination might find relevant results about the adverse effects of bichloroacetic acid?

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 30 6. What type of MeSH vocabulary is the term CroFab?

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Exercises Reviewed 2015/01 31 7. What type of MeSH vocabulary is the term Comparative Study?

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Useful My NCBI features to use when searching with MeSH Reviewed 2015/01 Click here 32

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Open Abstract Supplemental Data in My NCBI Reviewed 2015/01 33

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Use of My NCBI /highlighting when searching with MeSH Reviewed 2015/01 34

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Highlighting and open supplemental data Reviewed 2015/01 35

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Summary Reviewed 2015/01 MeSH is NLM's controlled vocabulary for subject indexing and searching MEDLINE/PubMed There are four types of MeSH: Headings Subheadings Publication Types Supplementary Concept Records MeSH uses synonyms known as Entry terms MeSH is organized in a hierarchy or tree Indexers designate the major points of articles as MeSH Major Topics Use the MeSH Database to find MeSH terms Use My NCBI Site Preferences to customize PubMed displays 36

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Questions? Reviewed 2015/01 37