The Nervous System Dr. Walid Daoud Assistant Professor.
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Transcript of The Nervous System Dr. Walid Daoud Assistant Professor.
The Nervous SystemThe Nervous System
Dr. Walid DaoudDr. Walid Daoud
Assistant ProfessorAssistant Professor
Anatomy of Nervous SystemAnatomy of Nervous System
11 - -Central nervous systemCentral nervous system::
. .BrainBrain
. . Spinal cordSpinal cord..
22 - -Peripheral nervous systemPeripheral nervous system::
. .Cranial nerves: 12 pairsCranial nerves: 12 pairs
. . Spinal nerves: 31 pairsSpinal nerves: 31 pairs
Functions of Nervous SystemFunctions of Nervous System
The nervous and endocrine systems control The nervous and endocrine systems control and maintain homeostasisand maintain homeostasis..
11 - -Sensory nerves:Sensory nerves: receive impulse fromreceive impulse from sense organs and transmit them to CNSsense organs and transmit them to CNS..
22 - -Motor nerves:Motor nerves: conduct impulse away fromconduct impulse away from CNS to the organ of responseCNS to the organ of response..
33 - -Mixed nerves:Mixed nerves: contain both sensory andcontain both sensory and motor fibersmotor fibers..
Autonomic Nervous SystemAutonomic Nervous System
It controls involuntary functions and consists It controls involuntary functions and consists of 2 antagonistic systemsof 2 antagonistic systems::
11 - -Sympathetic nervous systemSympathetic nervous system:: . .Origin: Thoraco-lumbarOrigin: Thoraco-lumbar . .
. . Catabolic functionCatabolic function..22 - -Parasympathetic nervous systemParasympathetic nervous system::
. .Origin: Cranio-sacralOrigin: Cranio-sacral.. . . Anabolic functionAnabolic function..
Nervous TissueNervous Tissue
11 - -NeuronsNeurons::
. .Functional cells of the nervous systemFunctional cells of the nervous system..
. . Responsible for impulse conductionResponsible for impulse conduction..
22 - -NeurogliaNeuroglia::
. .Supporting cellsSupporting cells..
. . Do not transmit nerve impulseDo not transmit nerve impulse..
. . Capable of phagocytosisCapable of phagocytosis..
The BrainThe Brain11--CerebrumCerebrum::
Sensory, motor areas, emotions and memorySensory, motor areas, emotions and memory..
22--CerebellumCerebellum::
Coordination of movement and equilibriumCoordination of movement and equilibrium..
33--DiencephalonDiencephalon..
44--ThalamusThalamus..
55--HypothalamusHypothalamus..
66--Brain stem:Brain stem: medulla, pons and midbrainmedulla, pons and midbrain..
Spinal CordSpinal Cord
11--Ascending tractsAscending tracts::
They contain sensory nerves that transmit They contain sensory nerves that transmit impulse upward impulse upward..
22--Descending tractsDescending tracts::
They contain motor nerves that transmitThey contain motor nerves that transmit
impulse downwardimpulse downward..
3131 pairs of spinal nervespairs of spinal nerves..
MeningesMeninges
Cover and protect the brain and spinal cordCover and protect the brain and spinal cord::
11--Outermost coat (dura mater):Outermost coat (dura mater): fibrous andfibrous and
tough, beneath is the subdural spacetough, beneath is the subdural space..
22--Middle coat (arachenoid):Middle coat (arachenoid): subarachenoidsubarachenoid
space is filled with cerebrospinal fluidspace is filled with cerebrospinal fluid..
33--Innermost coat (pia mater):Innermost coat (pia mater): for nourishment for nourishment of the underlying tissue of the underlying tissue..
Disorders of The Nervous SystemDisorders of The Nervous System
. .Facial PalsyFacial Palsy..
. .Cerebrovascular Disease (CVA)Cerebrovascular Disease (CVA)..
. .EpilepsiesEpilepsies..
. .Parkinson DiseaseParkinson Disease..
. .Multiple Sclerosis (MS)Multiple Sclerosis (MS)..
WR/CF Related To The Nervous SystemWR/CF Related To The Nervous System
WR/CFWR/CFMeaningMeaningExampleExample
cerebell/ocerebell/o
cerebr/ocerebr/o
crani/ocrani/o
Eencephal/oEencephal/o
gangli/ogangli/o
gli/ogli/o
kinesi/okinesi/o
medull/omedull/o
cerebellumcerebellum
brainbrain
skullskull
brainbrain
ganglionganglion
neuroglianeuroglia
movementmovement
marrowmarrow
cerebellcerebell/ar/ar
cerebr/o/vascularcerebr/o/vascular
cranicrani/o/tomy/o/tomy
encephalencephal/it is/it is
gangligangli/oma/oma
gligli/o/cyt/oma/o/cyt/oma
kinesikinesi/o/therapy/o/therapy
medullmedull/itis/itis
WR/CF Related To The Nervous SystemWR/CF Related To The Nervous System
WR/CFWR/CFMeaningMeaningExampleExample
cerebell/ocerebell/o
cerebr/ocerebr/o
crani/ocrani/o
Encephal/oEncephal/o
gangli/ogangli/o
gli/ogli/o
kinesi/okinesi/o
medull/omedull/o
cerebellumcerebellum
brainbrain
skullskull
brainbrain
ganglionganglion
neuroglianeuroglia
movementmovement
marrowmarrow
cerebellcerebell/ar/ar
cerebr/o/vascularcerebr/o/vascular
cranicrani/o/tomy/o/tomy
encephalencephal/it is/it is
gangligangli/oma/oma
gligli/o/cyt/oma/o/cyt/oma
kinesikinesi/o/therapy/o/therapy
medullmedull/itis/itis
WR/CF Related To The Nervous SystemWR/CF Related To The Nervous System
WR/CFWR/CFMeaningMeaningExampleExample
mening/omening/o
myel/omyel/o
narc/onarc/o
neur/oneur/o
thalam/othalam/o
ton/oton/o
ventricul/oventricul/o
meningesmeninges
spinal cordspinal cord
sleepsleep
nervenerve
thalamusthalamus
tonetone
ventriclesventricles
meningmening/o/cele/o/cele
myelmyel/algia/algia
narcnarc/o/lepsy/o/lepsy
neurneur/o/tripsy/o/tripsy
thalamthalam/o/tomy/o/tomy
catacata/tonic/tonic
ventriculventricul/itis/itis
Suffixes Related To The Nervous SystemSuffixes Related To The Nervous System
SuffixSuffixMeaningMeaningExampleExample
--algesiaalgesia
--esthesiaesthesia
--graphiagraphia
--kinesiskinesis
--lepsylepsy
--paresisparesis
--phasiaphasia
--taxiataxia
--trophytrophy
painpain
sensationsensation
writewrite
movementmovement
seizureseizure
slight paralysisslight paralysis
speechspeech
muscular muscular coordinationcoordination
developmentdevelopment
an/an/algesiaalgesia
hyp/o/hyp/o/esthesiaesthesia
a/a/graphiagraphia
hyperhyper/kinesis/kinesis
epi/epi/lepsylepsy
hemi/hemi/paresisparesis
a/a/phasiaphasia
a/a/taxiataxia
dys/dys/trophytrophy
Surgical and other terms related Surgical and other terms related to the Nervous Systemto the Nervous System
Page 289-292Page 289-292
Answer Worksheets 1-6Answer Worksheets 1-6
Page 293-299Page 293-299