THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .
-
Upload
godwin-singleton -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .
![Page 1: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE NATURE OF SCIENCE
Biology
![Page 4: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Prefix Symbol Factor Number Factor Word
Kilo k 1,000 Thousand
Hecto h 100 Hundred
Deca da 10 Ten
Deci d 0.1 Tenth
Centi c 0.01 Hundredth
Milli m 0.001 Thousandth
Base
METRIC SYSTEM
![Page 5: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Volume?Liter (L)milliter (mL)
gram (g)kilogram (kg)milligram (mg)
Mass?
Distance?meter (m)kilometer (km)centimeter (cm)millimeter (mm)
Base Units
![Page 6: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
English System Metric System
1 inch1 foot
2.5 cm0.3048 meter
1 mile 1.6 kilometer
1 cup1 quart4 quarts (1 gal)
0.24 liters0.95 liter3.8 liters
1 ounce1 pound
28 grams0.5 kilogram
Distance
Volume
Mass
![Page 7: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
k h da BASE d c m
King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk
1. 20 km = ____ meters
Decimal moves: k h da m = 3 times to the right
= 20,000 m
2. 200 mg = ______ grams
gram d c m = 3 times to the left
= 0.2 g
Examples:
Metric Conversionskilo hecto deca(da) BASE deci centi milli
![Page 8: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Practice ConversionsFun Sheet
![Page 9: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Unit = Celsius
Freeze 0oCBoil 100oCBody 37oCRoom Temp 20-25oC
Temperature =
32o C212oC
98.6oC70-80oC
![Page 10: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
EQUIPMENT
![Page 11: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
EQUIPMENT
MassTriple Beam BalanceUnit?
DistanceMeter StickMetric RulerUnit?
VolumeGraduated CylinderBeakerErlenmeyer FlaskUnit?
MicroscopeGlass SlideCover Slip
RandomTest TubeTest Tube ClampPetri DishPipetteSyringeScalpelForceps
TemperatureThermometer (Celsius)Hot PlateUnit?
TimeStop WatchUnit?
![Page 12: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
LABORATORY SAFETY
![Page 13: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Chemical Safety
![Page 16: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Fire Safety
![Page 21: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
![Page 22: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Safety Symbols
![Page 24: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
![Page 25: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
THESCIENTIFIC
METHODhttps://youtu.be/k2MhMsLn9B0 https://youtu.be/_7sSuhQ1_24
![Page 28: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Scientific Method 6 Steps:
1. Identify the problem/ Form a question
3. Hypothesis
4. Controlled Experiment
4.
2. Observations
5. Record and Analyze Data
6. Conclusion
![Page 29: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Maggots “appear” on Meat
![Page 30: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
1. Problem/Question:
![Page 31: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
2. OBSERVATIONS: (relevant to question)
![Page 32: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
3. HYPOTHESIS: (educated guess) Has to be testable
“If.., then…” statement
![Page 33: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
4. EXPERIMENT- Controlled Experiment = only one variable
is changed.- Variable = factors that can change.
![Page 34: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
PROCEDURE
Controlled Variables:
Manipulated Variables:“Independent Variable”
Uncovered jars Covered jars
Several days pass
Maggots appear No maggots appearResponding Variable: “Dependent Variable”
Keep the same
Change intentionally
Changes due to IV
![Page 35: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
5. RECORD and ANALYZE DATA:- Quantitative = numbers by measuring or counting
(Chart/Graph)- Qualitative = description (chart)
![Page 36: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
6. CONCLUSION:
“The Hypothesis was correct. Maggots form only when flies come in contact with meat.”
-Hypothesis correct/incorrect-Statement of results- Errors and Improvements
![Page 37: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Several days pass
Maggots appear No maggots appear
Scientific Method
1. Question
2. Observe
3. Hypothesis
4. Experiment
5. Data
6. Conclusion
If IV, then DV
“Controlled”Variables
![Page 38: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Publish experimentalresults in a ScientificJournal.
repetitionand validity
Allows?
![Page 39: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Theory = A well tested explanation that unifiesa broad range of observations
Other Theories?
![Page 40: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Law =A natural phenomenon that has been proven to occur invariably whenever certain conditions are met.
![Page 42: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
= a visual display of information or data
Graph?
![Page 43: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Line Graph
Bar Graph
Circle/Pie Graph
![Page 44: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Independent Variable
“X-axis”Horizontal Axis =
“Y-axis”
Vertical Axis =
Dependent Variable
???
![Page 45: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Which factory had the least amount of defective Cars?How many did this factory have?
B
17 per 1000 cars
![Page 46: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Between what 2 point of mileage does a car’s value decrease the most?How much value does a car’s value depreciate over this period?
20,000- 40,000
$4,000
![Page 47: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
CHARACTERISTICS OF LIFEAND
THEMES OF BIOLOGYhttps://youtu.be/juxLuo-sH6M
![Page 48: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Characteristics of Life• Order• Reproduction• Growth and Development• Energy Utilization• Response to the Environment• Homeostasis• Evolutionary Adaptation
![Page 49: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Order Reproduction Growth and Development
Response to Environment Homeostasis
Energy Utilization
Evolutionary Adaptation
![Page 51: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
THEMES OF BIOLOGY
1. Cell structure and Function
2. Reproduction
3. Metabolism
4. Homeostasis
5. Heredity
6. Evolution
7. Interdependence
![Page 52: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
1. Cell structure and Function2. Reproduction
3. Metabolism
4. Homeostasis5. Heredity6. Evolution7. Interdependence
![Page 53: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Carcharodon carcharias
4. Homeostasis
![Page 55: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
6. Evolution
![Page 56: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
1. Cell structure and Function
![Page 57: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
3000 teeth
![Page 58: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
3. Metabolism
7. Interdependence
![Page 59: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
2. Reproduction
5. Heredity
![Page 60: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Chap. 1: Biology in the 21st Century
Graphing-X and Y axes-IV and DV-Bar and Line Graphs
Chapter 1-The Study of life-Unifying Themes of Biology-Scientific Thinking and Processes -Biologists Tools and Technology-Biology and the Future
Metric System-Base units (length, volume, mass)-Prefixes-Metric Conversions
Equipment-Names-Use
Safety-Chemical, Fire, Electrical
Labs-Measurement-Lab Equipment
Scientific Method-Purpose-Steps-Variables
![Page 61: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Vocabulary ListBiosphere homeostasis measurementBiodiversity evolution accuracySpecies adaptation precisionBiology observation microscopeScience data geneOrganism hypothesis molecular geneticsCell experiment genomicsMetabolism independent variableDNA dependent variableSystem constant biotechnologyEcosystem theory transgenics
![Page 62: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
END
![Page 63: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
To convert Celsius to Fahrenheit
ExampleTo convert 90o C F
F = (1.8 X 90) + 32F = 162 + 32F = 19490o C = 194o F
F = (1.8 x C) + 32
To convert Fahrenheit to Celsius
ExampleTo convert 82o F C
C = (F - 32) / 1.8
C = (82 - 32) / 1.8C = 50 / 1.8C = 27.882o F = 27.8o C
![Page 64: THE NATURE OF SCIENCE Biology and You .](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062321/56649e605503460f94b5b1a9/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)