THE MUSIC SECTOR IN BOLOGNA Edited by PromoBologna with additional material from Vittorio Capecchi,...

THE MUSIC SECTOR IN BOLOGNA

Edited by PromoBologna with additional material from

Vittorio Capecchi, Sergio Maccagnani, Elisabetta Rizzoli, Laura Reka, Lucia Chiodini

PROJECT BACKGROUND

The importance of an economy of knowledge and culture

UNESCO RECOGNITION OF BOLOGNA AS A CREATIVE CITY OF MUSIC

Creativity as a factor in economic development and as a means for attracting investment

Bologna’s long and diverse musical tradition, skills and well-established identity as an area of musical excellence

The intention of local institutions to run projects and activities to develop and enhance the sector within the territory

BOLOGNA “CREATIVE CITY OF MUSIC”: THE OPERATORS

This research project is a full and up-to-date survey of the music sector in Bologna.

The research methodology included:

a) desk research using the Internet, Infoimprese (information on companies), Yellow Pages

b) analysis regarding economic indicators was based on data collected from interviews and from a sample of company balance sheets archived at the Chamber of Commerce

c) information on events and places was sourced from data provided by SIAE (the Society for Authors and Publishers)

This research includes an initial mapping of operators that could be put into practice through direct recommendation*

•* There is no database or reference source on artists, musicians, bands and orchestras. For this reason, a new ad hoc survey•would be required.

BOLOGNA’S ARTISTSa) Bologna owes its fame in Italy as “the city of music” to the

numerous famous singer-songwriters and singers with close ties to the city

BIAGIO ANTONACCI, FREAK ANTONI, SAMUELE BERSANI, LUCA CARBONI, CESARE CREMONINI CRISTINA D’AVENA, LUCIO DALLA, FRANCESCO GUCCINI, CLAUDIO LOLLI, ANDREA MINGARDI, GIANNI MORANDI, VASCO ROSSI, GLI STADIO, CRISTINA ZAVALLONI

These artists’ music production, live performances and TV appearances continue to add value to the sector and are fundamental in generating wealth and

employment for the city

Up to now, census data reveals that there are more than 100 bands and artists based in Bologna

c) Bologna has a long-standing reputation as the “city of jazz”, still very much alive today as the city is home to artists of national fame

PAOLO FRESU, TEO CIAVARELLA, STEVE GROSSMAN, ALMA JAZZ ORCHESTRA

b) Bologna is home to many young up-and-coming artists and bands trying to follow this tradition of success

e) Bologna is home to orchestras and ensembles of international fame, dedicated to classical and modern music

ORCHESTRA DEL TEATRO COMUNALE, ORCHESTRA MOZART, ACCADEMIA DEGLI ASTRUSI, ENSEMBLE RESPIGHI, ENSAMBLE FONTANAMIX, ORCHESTRA DELL’ASSOCIAZIONE FABIO DA BOLOGNA, ENSAMBLE DI MUSICA MEDIOEVALE MALA PUNICA, ORCHESTRA BAROCCA DI BOLOGNA

f) In and around Bologna there are numerous bands and choirs, testimony to the fact that folk and religious music are still important today.

At present, census data reveals more than 18 bands and 16 choirs

d) Bologna is the “city of composers and musical arrangers”, who work with the greatest Italian light music artists

FIO ZANOTTI, CELSO VALLI, MAURO MALAVASI

Census data revealed 372 operators working in the music sector within the territory. Of these, 62,1% are companies, 28,2% Associations and 9,7% Institutions.

MAPPING OF ASSOCIATIONS, COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS

The graph does not include bands involved in training

0

50

100

150

200

250

Associations Companies Organisations & Institutions

105

231

36

Associations

Companies

Organisations & Institutions

Multi-specialisation of operators: 38 associations (36,2% of total associations), 29 companies (12,6% of total companies), 6 Organisations and Institutions out of 36, work in the music sector.

The companies specialise in production, management and events organisation, venue management, sales and radio

The associations specialise in research and training, management and events organisation

The Organisations and Institutions specialise in training and research, management and events organisation and management of museums and libraries

38

NUMBER OF ASSOCIATIONS, COMPANIES AND INSTITUTIONS BY SECTOR

2

23

69

13

0 0

15

0

112

3946

29

20

31

9

07

0 0 0

38

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Research & Training Museums andLibraries

Production Management & EventsOrganisation

Venue Management Sales Radio

Associations

Companies

Organisations &Institutions

RES

EA

RC

H A

ND

TR

AIN

ING

TRAINING INSTITUTES:ACADEMIC AND ADVANCED TRAINING COLLEGESSCHOOLS WITH MUSIC WORKSHOPSMIDDLE SCHOOLS SPECIALISED IN MUSICMUSIC COLLEGES FOR INSTRUMENTS AND SINGINGMUSIC SCHOOLS FOR SPECIAL COURSESSCHOOLS FOR TECHNICIANSINSTITUTES OFFERING COURSES FOR CHILDRENMUSIC BANDS WITH TRAINING PROGRAMMES

RESEARCH INSTITUTES

Specialisation of operators by type of course

PromoBologna data, 2008

9 schools offering academic and advanced training courses

18 middle schools specialising in music

The importance of courses for children, bands and technicians

9

5

18

24

1411

1618

0

5

10

15

20

25

ADVANCED

TRAINING

COLLEGES

SCHOOLS WITH

MUSIC

WORKSHOPS

MIDDLE SCHOOLS

SPECIALISED IN

MUSIC

MUSIC SCHOOLS

FOR

INSTRUMENTS &

SINGING

SCHOOLS FOR

SPECIAL

COURSES

SCHOOLS FOR

TECHNICIANS

SCHOOLS FOR

CHILDREN

MUSIC BANDS

WITH TRAINING

PROGRAMMES

MUSEUMS

LIBRARIES

MU

SEU

MS

AN

D

LIB

RA

RIE

S

1

2

3

4

5

6

MUSEUMS LIBRARIES

6

5

MUSEUMS

LIBRARIES

MUSIC PUBLICATIONS

RECORD LABELS (RECORD COMPANIES)

RECORDING STUDIOS AND REHEARSAL ROOMS

MANUFACTURE OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

OTHER PRODUCTION-RELATED SERVICES

MU

SIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N

Music Production

Out of a total of 135 operators in production-related activities, 83% are companies

Record labels are the backbone of production, both in terms of type of activity and number

The associations within the music production sector mainly focus on managing rehearsal rooms and recording studios

7

14

0 2

23

38

24

1512

0 0 0 0 0005

101520253035404550

MusicPublications

Record Labels RecordingStudios &

Rehearsal rooms

Manufacture ofMusical

Instruments

Other services

Associations

Companies

Organisations& Institutions

Music Publications

Of the 23 music publications, the following stand out:

Bologna’s historical music publications

Publications under some of the most important Italian composers Publications of some of Bologna’s great singer-songwriters

Publications linked with producers from the region

Music publications that reinforce regional traditions from Emilia Romagna

Publications relating to techno, dance and electronic music

With the transformations within the record industry, the role of music editor has changed, and the borders that define their job are increasingly blurred. The distinction between music production and publications is becoming fainter. In Bologna, out of a total of 23 publications, 7 are also record labels.

Record Labels

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE 45 RECORD LABELS WITHIN THE TERRITORY:

Bologna’s record labels are all independent

COMPANIES

in general we found:

A cluster of electronic-dance and modern music groups in Bologna

Some labels producing classical music, recognised on a national level

A gradual process of digitalisation of the music produced

TYPE OF LABEL NUMBER

Multi-specialist historic labels 2

Labels producing dance, electronic and house music 13

Labels producing chill-out / ambient music 2

Labels producing classical music 3

Labels producing modern music (light, rock, pop) 16

Labels producing music for ballroom dancing 2

TOTAL LABEL COMPANIES 38

ASSOCIATIONS

TYPE OF LABEL NUMBER

Labels for self-producing music groups 3

Labels that produce CDs for the events they organise 1

Labels specialising in other genres of music 1

Labels that group together bands /groups organised as an association 2

TOTAL LABEL ASSOCIATIONS 7

Recording Studios and Rehearsal Rooms

Operators that manage rehearsal rooms and/or recording studios Out of a total of 38 operators managing rehearsal rooms and/or recording studios,

63,2% are companies, while Associations make up 36.8% of the operators

Rehearsal rooms and recording studios by management operator

Category Managed by Associations

Managed by companies

Total

Recording studios 14 26 40

Rehearsal rooms 26 26 52

Bologna has a total of 40 recording studios and 52 rehearsal rooms. 63,4% of the recording studios are managed by companies. As for the rehearsal rooms, there is an even split between companies and associations.

Location of rehearsal rooms and recording studiosCategory In Bologna In the Province Total

Recording studios 22 18 40

Rehearsal rooms 39 13 52

While recording studios are evenly distributed across the territory, rehearsal rooms are mostly concentrated within the city (74%)

Musical Instrument Manufacturing

Bologna specialises in manufacture of lutes (10 companies out of 15). Two operators specialise in the manufacture of wind instruments, one in harspichords and one in organs

The majority of the operators are not only manufacturers, but also handle maintenance, sales and the buying and selling of musical instruments. Half of the operators also carry out restoration work.

Other production-related services

This category includes operators specialising in post-production audio, graphics for album promotional campaigns, rental of audio-video and lighting equipment, production of optical supports, CDs / DVDs, etc.

These operators form an initial, partial list, which nevertheless highlights the numerous possible activities branching out from production. At the same time, this list is important as it shows how difficult it is to define precise borders around the music sector.

MA

NA

GEM

EN

T A

ND

EV

EN

TS

O

RG

AN

ISTA

ION MANAGEMENT AGENCIES

MANAGEMENT AND EVENTS ORGANISATION AGENCIES

EVENTS ORGANISATION AGENCIES

PROMOTION AGENCIES

Events Management and Organisation

There are 115 operators working in the field of management and events organisation

Events organisation is the category with the largest number of operators (94 out of 115, equivalent to 81.7%)

The role of Associations is noteworthy, as they represent 60% of total operators

22 1

65

17 8

22

20 07

00

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Management Management & Events Organisation

Events Organisation Press Off ice & Promotion

Associations

Companies

Management There are 9 operators in Bologna specialising in artist and band management

5 companies, based in the Bologna area, managing some of the most important Italian singers

2 companies working in the field of ballroom dancing and orchestras

2 Associations that manage mostly jazz musicians

Management and Events Organisation

Bologna and its province are home to the headquarters of 8 companies that manage a number of famous artists and also organise events

Events Organisation

THREE MAIN CATEGORIES OF EVENTS ORGANISATION: a) Companies that organise events for third parties

3 companies, based in the Bologna area, specialising in organising tours and concerts for famous artists

3 companies, based in the Bologna area, specialising in the organisation of big events/shows

16 companies, based in the Bologna area, specialising in the organisation of concerts and music events

b) Associations and Institutions that organise Festivals, Reviews and Competitions in the territory (for a list of operators, please see the chapter on Events)

There are 48 Associations and 7 Institutions that organise music events each year in Bologna and the province.

c) Associations that organise music concerts

There are 17 Associations that organise concerts periodically within the territory:

3 specialising in metal, rock and punk

7 specialising in classical music

Press Office and Promotion

There are 2 companies and 1 Association in Bologna, operating as Press Office and specialising in the promotion of artists-events exclusively within the music sector:

VEN

UE M

AN

AG

EM

EN

T

COMPANIES THAT MANAGE CLUBS-DISCOS AND RISTO-MUSIC CLUBS

COMPANIES THAT MANAGE THEATRES

ASSOCIATIONS THAT MANAGE CLUBS-DISCOS

Venue Management

Considering there are 313 venues where music events are held, for the purposes of this research we decided that the “venue management” category should include only those operators whose income is strictly related to an events programme that qualifies them as music venue managers

a) Companies managing Risto-Music Clubs

There are 13 companies managing restaurants and bars that regularly feature a music events programme

b) Companies managing clubs and discos

There are 32 companies managing clubs and discos (66.7% of total clubs and discos)

c) One company and one assocation managing theatres

d) Associations managing clubs and discos

There are 12 Associations managing clubs and discos within the Bologna area:

SA

LES

WHOLESALE SALES OF MUSIC PRODUCTS

RETAIL SALES OF MUSIC PRODUCTS

WHOLESALE SALES OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

RETAIL SALES OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS

Sales

8

4

15

2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Retail music products Wholesale music products

Retail musical instruments

Wholesale musical instruments

Out of a total of 29 companies involved in sales, most are focused on retail sales of music products and musical instruments

Almost half of the total number of companies sell musical instruments

There are a considerable number of retailers selling CDs, specialising in classical, hard rock and electronic music

As regards retail sales, it should be noted that only specialist shops have been included, while large stores (hypermarkets, bookshops) that sell a wide variety of products have been excluded

RA

DIO

BR

OA

DC

AS

TIN

G

RADIO

Radio Stations

Census data reveals 20 radio stations based in the Bologna area

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

DANCE/ELECTRONIC 60s / 70s /80s MUSIC RELIGIOUS COMMERCIAL ALTERNATIVE

4

6

1

7

2

Main genres of music featured on the radio

Focus on 60s / 70s /80s music and commercial music Significant number of radio stations specialising in dance/electronic and alternative music

ESTIMATED VALUE OF THE WHOLE SECTOR

ADDED VALUEin euro

PAID PERSONNEL working in the sector (employees,

freelancers, partners, part time staff, etc.)

MARKET REVENUE(revenue from sales and services)

in euro

2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007

TOTAL SECTOR 51.535.176 57.905.898 1.603 1.558 148.143.384 160.514.282

% of total PROVINCE 0,18% 0,19%

In 2007 the music sector in the province of Bologna generated total wealth of at least 60 million euro

the market generated revenue in excess of 160 million euro

the sector provides employment for no fewer than 1600 workers, including employees, freelancers and partners

Between 2006 and 2007, the sector’s added value grew by almost 6 million euro

If we consider the operators excluded from the total estimate, the above figures are to be seen as a minimum threshold

EVENTS & MUSIC CONSUMPTION

According to SIAE data, 313 venues in the Bologna area hosted more than 5 music events in 2007

4146

94

48

4

35

45

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

open air venues historic and religious places

social clubs and community centres

risto-music clubs & music bars

indoor sports arenas

theatres-auditoriums-concert

halls

clubs & discos

MULTIFUNCTIONAL VENUES SPECIALIST VENUES

SIAE 2007 data compiled by PromoBologna

Multifunctional venues account for 74% of total venues hosting music events in 2007

Social clubs and community centres denote the importance of places for social gathering, especially for the elderly, within the territory

As far as the other categories of venue are concerned, there is an even spread in the Bologna area with no particular focus on any one category

MUSIC VENUES

MUSIC OFFER CLASSIFICATION OF EVENTS

“C

ULTU

RA

L” E

VEN

TS

EN

TER

TA

INM

EN

T-R

ELA

TED

EV

EN

TS

LIGHT MUSIC CONCERTS JAZZ CONCERTS CLASSICAL MUSIC CONCERTS

Events focused on listening to music, which attract an “aware” audience that deliberately chooses to take part

LIVE CONCERTS WITH ORCHESTRAS RECORDED MUSIC EVENTS

Events focused on dancing, where music is not the only variable encouraging people to take part, but where other factors such as socialising and social gathering take on a primary role

LIGHT MUSIC % JAZZ

MUSIC % CLASSICAL MUSIC %

LIVE DANCING WITH

ORCHESTRA% RECORDED

DANCING % TOT %

OPEN AIR 156 17,4%

15 3,5% 9 2,9% 177 3,8% 26 0,7%

383 3,9%

HISTORIC & RELIGIOUS 42 4,7%

6 1,4% 116 36,8% 128 2,8% 40 1,1%

332 3,4%

SOCIAL CLUBS 6 COMMUNITY CENTRES 118 13,1%

11 2,6% 4 1,3% 2.068 44,7% 1.578 43,5%

3.780 38,2%

RISTO MUSIC BARS 285 31,7%

360 83,7% 2 0,6% 709 15,3% 214 5,9%

1.571 15,9%

CLUBS & DISCOS 175 19,5%

6 1,4% - 0,0% 1.533 33,1% 1.763 48,6%

3.478 35,1%

INDOOR SPORTS ARENAS 17 1,9%

1 0,2% 6 0,1% 7 0,2%

31 0,3%

THEATRES 106 11,8%

31 7,2% 184 58,4% 5 0,1% - 0,0%

327 3,3%

TOTAL 899 100%

430 100% 315 100% 4.626 100% 3.628 100%

9.898 100%

Number of events subdivided by music genre and type of venue:

SIAE 2007 data, compiled by PromoBologna

In total in 2007, there were 9,898 music events held in 313 venues

MUSIC CONSUMPTION

LIGHT MUSIC % JAZZ

MUSIC % CLASSICAL MUSIC %

DANCING WITH LIVE ORCHESTR

A

%

DANCING WITH

RECORDED MUSIC

% TOTAL %

OPEN AIR 104670 31,5% 1500 2,3% 5821 6,7% 29805 3,0% 6784 1,0% 148580 7,0%

HISTORIC & RELIGIOUS 5302 1,6% 653 1,0% 13497 15,5% 18536 1,9% 6634 1,0% 44622 2,1%

SOCIAL CLUBS & COMMUNITY CENTRES 8737 2,6% 90 0,1% 540 0,6% 200928 20,5% 137782 21,2% 348077 16,4%

RISTO MUSIC BARS 44282 13,3% 53822 82,0% 200 0,2% 76904 7,8% 37796 5,8% 213004 10,1%

CLUBS & DISCOS 67841 20,4% 357 0,5% 0 0,0% 653480 66,6% 456227 70,1% 1177905 55,6%

INDOOR SPORTS ARENAS 71576 21,5% 100 0,2% 0 0,0% 1106 0,1% 5255 0,8% 78037 3,7%

THEATRES 30111 9,1% 9116 13,9% 66755 76,9% 804 0,1% 0 0,0% 106786 5,0%

TOTAL 332519 100 65638 100 86813 100 981563 100 650478 100 2117011 100

15,7% 3,1% 4,1% 46,4% 30,7% 100%

In total in 2007 more than 2,100,000 people took part in music events in 313 venues in the Bologna area

Entertainment-related music accounts for more than 77% of total music consumption in the Bologna area.

Analysing the data on the basis of live or recorded music split, only 30.7% of spectators took part in recorded music events, while 69.3% preferred live music, both for entertainment and for “cultural” purposes.

Within the “cultural” music category, light music is the most popular genre in Bologna. In fact, 68.6% of people prefer light music.


Number of spectators by music genre and type of venue

LIGHT MUSIC JAZZ MUSIC CLASSICAL MUSIC

DANCING WITH LIVE ORCHESTRA

DANCING WITH

RECORDED MUSIC

TOTAL

AVERAGE NUMBER OF SPECTATORS PER EVENT 370 153 276 212 179 214

Average number of spectators per event

Data shows that music events held in Bologna and province attracted an average of 214 spectators.

As regards music genre, it is interesting to note that while in absolute terms entertainment music has the highest number of events and spectators, “cultural” music genres are still the most appealing in the city.

Light music and classical music boast the highest number of spectators in relation to the number of events.

Entertainment-related music has a lower average number of spectators than the overall average, which denotes that the entertainment music offer is highly fragmented and consumption is relatively low compared to the offer.


MUSIC CONSUMPTION IN THE MAIN ITALIAN PROVINCES


Number of spectators by music genre in the main Italian provinces

In absolute terms, Rome and Milan are the top ranking Italian provinces in terms of numbers of musical spectators in 2007 as regards all music genres

The province of Bologna ranks sixth out of the Italian provinces in terms of total numbers of spectators in 2007

The Bologna area ranks third in terms of numbers of jazz spectators

LIGHT JAZZ CLASSICAL LIVE ORCHESTRA

LIVE RECORDED TOTAL

MILAN 1403739 2 140447 1 615319 1 2880062 1 1939962 1 6979529 1

ROME 2490958 1 123915 2 582292 2 1541445 2 1162103 3 5900714 2

TURIN 888880 3 27330 5 230807 3 1463659 3 1463659 2 4074336 3

BOLOGNA 332519 6 65638 3 86813 6 981563 5 650478 5 2117011 6

FLORENCE 392938 4 10942 6 149547 4 957412 6 815479 4 2326319 5

NAPLES 338996 5 34352 4 109612 5 1440735 4 499499 6 2423194 4

GENOVA 126005 7 9986 7 63803 7 170124 7 291402 7 661321 7

Index of spectators in relation to number of residents by province and by music genre

LIGHT JAZZ CLASSICAL LIVE ORCHESTRA

LIVE RECORDED

NUMBER OF RESIDENTS

MILAN 0,36 4 0,04 2 0,16 1 0,74 3 0,50 4 3884481

ROME 0,62 1 0,03 3 0,15 2 0,38 6 0,29 6 4013053

TURIN 0,40 2 0,01 4 0,10 4 0,65 4 0,65 3 2248995

BOLOGNA 0,35 5 0,07 1 0,09 5 1,03 1 0,68 2 954682

FLORENCE 0,40 2 0,01 4 0,15 2 0,99 2 0,84 1 970414

NAPLES 0,11 7 0,01 4 0,04 7 0,47 5 0,16 7 3082756

GENOVA 0,14 6 0,01 4 0,07 7 0,19 7 0,33 5 887094

AVERAGE INDEX 0,37 0,03 0,11 0,59 0,43

Elaborazioni PromoBologna su dati SIAE 2007

Bologna is the top-ranking Italian province for jazz and live music for dancing, in relation to its population

The Bologna area ranks second for recorded music for dancing, in relation to its population

The Bologna area ranks fifth for light music and classical music, in relation to its population

MUSIC EVENTS

Data compiled by PromoBologna, 2008

Census data for the Bologna area reveals 112 events, including festivals, reviews, concert seasons and competitions.

LOCATION OF THE EVENTS

NUMBER AND TYPE OF EVENT

58% of the events are held within the city of Bologna, 35.7% within the Province and 6.3% in the province and city.

44

45

11 12

FESTIVALS

REVIEWS

CONCERT SEASONS

COMPETITIONS

6540

7BOLOGNA

PROVINCE

BOLOGNA & PROVINCE


EVENTS THROUGHOUT THE YEAR

Events are spread evenly throughout the year

MUSIC GENRES AND EXCELLENCES

47,3%

45,5%

7,1%summer

winter

all year round

50

4614

17

16 5

classical

contemporary and experimental

musical theatre

jazz

modern music (electronic, light, rock)

folk and ethnic music

others



THE MUSIC SECTOR IN BOLOGNA Edited by PromoBologna with additional material from Vittorio Capecchi,...

Documents

Transcript of THE MUSIC SECTOR IN BOLOGNA Edited by PromoBologna with additional material from Vittorio Capecchi,...