The Mole The Basic Chemical Unit. A Mole is : A chemical quantity A Mole of any substance is...
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Transcript of The Mole The Basic Chemical Unit. A Mole is : A chemical quantity A Mole of any substance is...
The The MoleMole
The Basic Chemical Unit
A Mole is :A Mole is :• A chemical quantity•A Mole of any substance is Chemically equivalent to a mole of any other substance
A Mole is :A Mole is :
Anything that has thesame number ofparticles as the numberof atoms in exactly 12.0 grams of Carbon-12.
Avogadro’s Avogadro’s NumberNumber
6.02 x 1023
Representative Representative ParticlesParticles
HOW TO
COUNT
ElementsElements
Atoms
Covalent Covalent CompoundsCompounds
Molecules
Ionic Ionic CompoundsCompounds
Formula Units
One Mole of :One Mole of :•Carbon = 6.02 x 1023
Carbon Atoms•Silicon = 6.02 x 1023
Silicon atoms
One Mole of :One Mole of :•CO2 = 6.02 x 1023 Carbon DiOxide
Molecules•HNO3 = 6.02 x 1023
Nitric Acid Molecules
One Mole of :One Mole of :•Platinum = _______
Platinum Atoms•Scandium = ______
Scandium atoms
One Mole of :One Mole of :•CaCO3 = _______ Calcium Carbonate molecules
•C12H22O11 = ______ Sugar molecules
Molar Molar MassMass
DefinationDefinationThe mass of onemole of asubstance.
One Mole of :One Mole of :•Carbon = 12.0 g•Silicon = 28.1 g•Barium = 137.3 g•Helium = 4.0 g
One Mole of :One Mole of :
Element = (molar mass) g
Compound = (mol mass) g
Substance = (mol mass) g
One Mole of :One Mole of :•Aluminum = ____ g•Arsenic = ____ g•Silver = _____ g•Xenon = _____ g
One Mole of :One Mole of :•CO2 = 44.0 g
•SO3 = 80.1 g
•BaSO4 = 233.4 g
•(NH4)3PO4 = 149.0 g
One Mole of :One Mole of :•CaCl2 = ____ g
•CoCO3 = ____ g
•Pb(NO3)2 = _____ g
•Al2(CO3)3 = _____ g
One Mole of :One Mole of :•CaCl2 = 111.1 g
•CoCO3 = 118.9 g
•Pb(NO3)2 = 331.2 g
•Al2(CO3)3 = 234.0 g
Molar Molar VolumeVolume
MolarMolar VolumeVolumeThe volume ofone mole ofgas @STP.
STPSTPStandard
Temperature and
Pressure
1 mole of gas @ STP1 mole of gas @ STP
22.4liters
Does notmatter whatthe gas is.
Converting between Moles Converting between Moles and Grams:and Grams:
• 1 mol = (molar mass) g
• Conversion factors:
• __ mol x
• ___ g x
gmol
gmassmolar___
)1()( =
molgmassmolar
mol___
)(
)1(=
Converting between Moles Converting between Moles and Grams:and Grams:
• 2.8 mol Ag = ? g Ag
• 2.8 mol x
• 57.9 g Mg = ? mol Mg
• 57.9 g x
gmol
g__
)1()9.107(
=
molg
mol___
)3.24(
)1(=
Converting between Moles Converting between Moles and Atoms:and Atoms:
• 2.8 mol Ag = ? atoms of Ag
2.8 mol x
• 57.9 g Mg = ? atoms Mg
57.9 g x
atomsmol
atomsx__
)1()1002.6( 23
=
atomsg
atomsx___
)3.24(
)1002.6( 23=
Convert 14.9 g HConvert 14.9 g H22O into moles
14.9 g x
= 0.828 mol
18.02 g H2O
1 mol
Convert 3.4 mol HConvert 3.4 mol H22O into grams
3.4 mol x 18.02 g H2O
1 mol
= 61.2 grams
Convert 25.1 g of COConvert 25.1 g of CO22 into moles:
•25.1 g x 1 mol CO2
44.01 g CO2
= 0.570 mol
Convert 35.8 g HConvert 35.8 g H22O into molecules:
35.8 g x
= 1.20x1024molecules
18.02 g H2O
6.02x1023molecules
Convert 0.191 moles Convert 0.191 moles of Clof Cl22 into molecules:
0.191 mol x
= 1.15x1023molecules
1 mol
6.02x1023molecules
Convert 2.88x10Convert 2.88x1024 24 molec-molec-ules of Clules of Cl22 into moles:
2.88x1024 molecules x
= 4.78 moles
1 mol
6.02x1023molecules
What is the mass of 15 What is the mass of 15 atoms of gold?atoms of gold?
15 atoms x6.02x1023 atoms
196.97 g
1 mole
1 moleX
What is the mass of 15 What is the mass of 15 atoms of gold?atoms of gold?
= 4.91 x 10-21 g