The mole concept
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Transcript of The mole concept
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THE MOLE CONCEPT
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HAVE YOU EVER WONDERED HOW MANY STARS ARE THERE IN THE SKY?
CAN YOU COUNT ALL THE STARS?
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How about such as tablespoon of sugar or a tablespoon of salt?
How will you determine the number of particles in a tablespoon of salt?
Is the number of particles in a tablespoon of sugar the same as the number of particles in a tablespoon of salt?
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AMEDEO AVOGADRO
Lorenzo Romano Amedeo Carlo Avogadro
di Quaregna e di Cerreto,
Count of Quaregna and Cerreto
was an Italian scientist. He is most noted for his contributions to molecular theory,
including what is known as Avogadro's law.
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In tribute to him, the number of elementary
entities (atoms, molecules, ions or other particles) in 1 mole of a
substance,6.02214179(30)×1023
is known as the Avogadro constant.
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WHICH HAS A GREATER
NUMBER OF PARTICLES, ONE
MOLE OF COTTON OR ONE MOLE OF SALT?
Question:
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ANSWER:
One mole of cotton has the same number of particles as one mole of salt.
One mole of an element contains the same number of atoms as a mole of any other element.
1 M of a given element = 1 M of other elements
1 mole of a compound = 1 mole of other compounds
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QUESTION:
How many particles are
there in two moles of monosodium
glutamate, vetsin?
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ANSWER:
1 mole = 6.02 ×1023
Multiply 2 by Avogadro’s number.
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LET’S TRY THIS!
1. Atomic mass of C?
2. Atomic masses of H and O?
3. Atomic masses of Na and Cl?
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One mole of any substance contains the
same number of particles.
What about the mass of a mole of a substance?
Is it same for all substances?
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The mass of an element or compound depends on the
mass of its particles.
Therefore, one mole of hydrogen has a mass
dependent on it atomic mass. - MOLAR MASS
MOLAR MASS- the mass in grams that is numerically equal to the atomic mass. The unit of molar mass is grams / mole (g/mol).
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WHAT IS THE ATOMIC MASS OF CARBON?
Answer: 12.01 amu
What is the molar mass of carbon?The molar mass of carbon is
12.01 g.
How many atoms are I 12.01g of carbon?
6.022 x 10^23 atoms
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EXERCISE:
The atomic mass of oxygen is _______. Its molar mass is _____________. There are ______ atoms found in ________ g of oxygen.
The atomic mass of sodium is _________. Each mole of sodium has a mass of ______. Every ______ g of sodium has _______ atoms.
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HOW MANY MOLES ARE THERE IN 70.9 G OF CHLORINE?
Number of moles Cl = given mass
molar mas = 70.9 g 35.45 g/mol = 2 molTo get the number of moles of a
substance:Number of moles = given mass
molar mass
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EXERCISES:
1. How many moles are there in 6.05 g of carbon?
2. How many moles are there in 46.00 g of sodium?
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HOW MANY NUMBER OF MOLES IN 36.04 G OF WATER?
1. Find the molar mass of water.a. Multiply the atomic mass of H by 2
and that of O by 1.
H = 2 x 1.008 = 2.016O = 1 x 16.00 = 16.00
18.016 or 18.02
Number of moles (H2O) = 36.04 g 18.02 g/mol
= 2.0 mol
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Let’s See What You Have Learned
Α. Determine the molar masses of the following:1. acetic acid (CH3COOH)2. agua oxigenada (H2O2)3. ammonia (NH3)
Β. Determine the number of moles in1. 120.0 g of acetic acid2. 17.0 g of agua oxigenada3. 51.0 g of ammonia
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Let’s Remember!
♦ The mole is a unit for counting particles in a given mass of a substance. Each mole of a substance is made up of 6.022 × 1023 particles.
♦ The molar mass of a substance is the mass in grams that is numerically equal to the atomic mass or formula mass of the substance.
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ANSWERS:
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