The Modelshed Framework

Praveen Kumar and Ben Ruddell, CUAHSI HIS Update July 28, 04

What is a Modelshed?• A volumetric spatial (GeoVolume?) model unit, registered in three

dimensions by a GIS, with which time-varying data, model fluxes, spatial relationships and descriptive metadata are associated

What can the Modelshed Framework do?

• Store data for diverse spatio-temporal applications & phenomena• A generalized 4D data model for environmental science• Addresses issues of scale, heterogeneity, and resolution• Build on top of existing data models (e.g. ArcHydro) to leverage

existing data structures and tools• Establish new relationships• Models environmental fluxes• Connects raster data and numerical models with object-relational

data models

Modelshed UML

-HydroID : esriFieldTypeInteger-HydroCode : esriFieldTypeString

Hydrography::HydroFeature

-ModelshedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger

Modelshed

Modelshed::ModelPoint

Modelshed::ModelLine

Modelshed::ModelArea

-ModelShedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ZLayerID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSDateTime : esriFieldTypeDate-TS_MEAN : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MEDIAN : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MAJORITY : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_COUNT : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MIN : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MAX : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_STD : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_SUM : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_SKEWNESS : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_KURTOSIS : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_ERROR : esriFieldTypeDouble = 0.0

StatisticalTS

1

1

*

1

-ModelshedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ModelshedClass : ModelshedClass-Description : esriFieldTypeString

ModelshedType

1

*

Timeseries UML

-FeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSDateTime : esriFieldTypeDate-TSValue : esriFieldTypeDouble

TimeSeries -TSTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-Variable : esriFieldTypeString-Units : esriFieldTypeString-IsRegular : AHBoolean-TSInterval : TSIntervalType-DataType : TSDataType-Origin : TSOrigins

TSType

1* TSTypeHasTimeSeries

-ModelShedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ZLayerID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSDateTime : esriFieldTypeDate-TS_MEAN : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MEDIAN : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MAJORITY : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_COUNT : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MIN : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_MAX : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_STD : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_SUM : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_SKEWNESS : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_KURTOSIS : esriFieldTypeDouble-TS_ERROR : esriFieldTypeDouble = 0.0

StatisticalTS

1

* TSTypeHasStatisticalTS

-ModelshedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ModelshedClass : ModelshedClass-Description : esriFieldTypeString

ModelshedType1*

-ZLayerID : esriFieldTypeInteger-AltitudeUnits : esriFieldTypeString-AltitudeDatum : esriFieldTypeString-Description : esriFieldTypeString-LayerBottomAltitude : esriFieldTypeDouble-LayerTopAltitude : esriFieldTypeDouble-ZLayerAboveID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ZLayerBelowID : esriFieldTypeInteger

ZLayer1

*

Flux UML

Modelshed::ModelArea Modelshed::ModelLine Modelshed::ModelPoint

-FluxTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FluxLinkID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FromFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ToFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FromZLayerID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ToZLayerID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FromModelShedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ToModelShedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-TSTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger

FluxLink

-FluxLinkID : esriFieldTypeInteger-DateTime : esriFieldTypeDate-Value : esriFieldTypeDouble

FluxRecord

-FluxTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-Description : esriFieldTypeString

FluxType

1 11

1

1

*

1

*

-ModelshedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ModelshedClass : ModelshedClass-Description : esriFieldTypeString

ModelshedType

-ZLayerID : esriFieldTypeInteger-AltitudeUnits : esriFieldTypeString-AltitudeDatum : esriFieldTypeString-Description : esriFieldTypeString-LayerBottomAltitude : esriFieldTypeDouble-LayerTopAltitude : esriFieldTypeDouble-ZLayerAboveID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ZLayerBelowID : esriFieldTypeInteger

ZLayer

ArcHydro NativeImplementation Classes1 *

1

*

1 *

1

*

AreaLink UML

Modelshed::ModelArea1

*

1

*

-Area1FeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-Area2FeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ModelshedClass1 : ModelshedClass-ModelshedClass2 : ModelshedClass-FractionOf1In2 : esriFieldTypeDouble

AreaLink

-ModelshedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ModelshedClass : ModelshedClass-Description : esriFieldTypeString

ModelshedType

1

*

1

*

ArcHydro NativeImplementation Classes

OrthogonalLink UML

-ModelShedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-FeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-posYFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-posXFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-negYFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-negXFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-posXposYFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-posXnegYFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-negXnegYFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger-negXposYFeatureID : esriFieldTypeInteger

OrthogonalLink

Modelshed::ModelArea

-ModelshedTypeID : esriFieldTypeInteger-ModelshedClass : ModelshedClass-Description : esriFieldTypeString

ModelshedType

1

*

1

1

Applications: Helping Raster & Vector Talk

• How can continuous data in rasters be related to database objects?

– Summarize the data using statistics, aggregated by overlapping Modelshed areas

– Statistics are stored as indexed data records

– Modelsheds can be physically meaningful, like watersheds

– This process can be automated for a large number of rasters

Applications: Helping Raster & Vector Talk

Applications: Automating data management with the Modelshed Tools

• The ModelShed Tools automate some database tasks:– Adding new descriptive indexes– Building the index of raster datasets– Automatically processing a timeseries of raster datasets based

on areas in the database, and ingesting the statistical data into the database

– Building AreaLink tables

• ModelShed Tools are an extension to ArcGIS 8, and use ArcGIS Spatial Analyst geoprocessing routines

Dynamic Features

• Supports database features that move and change in time

• The full range of Modelshed features are still supported, including vertical indexing, flux links, and area links.

• A parallel UML structure for static and dynamic features

Dynamic Features in Time

t1

t2

t3t4

11

1

*

1

-DynamicFeatureID-ZLayerID-TSDateTime

DynamicFeature

DynamicPoint{GeometryType = esriGeometryPoint}

DynamicArea{GeometryType = esriGeometryPolygon}

DynamicLine{GeometryType = esriGeometryPolyline}

Modelshed::Modelshed-HydroID-HydroCode

Hydrography::HydroFeature

-DynamicFeatureID-Description-ModelshedTypeID

Objects::DynamicFeatureIndex

*

1

*

*

-ModelshedTypeID-FeatureID-TSTypeID-ZLayerID-TSDateTime-TS_MEAN-TS_MEDIAN-TS_MAJORITY-TS_COUNT-TS_MIN-TS_MAX-TS_STD-TS_SUM-TS_SKEWNESS-TS_KURTOSIS-TS_ERROR = 0.0

Objects::StatisticalTS

1

*1

1

-FluxTypeID-FluxLinkID-FromFeatureID-ToFeatureID-FromZLayerID-ToZLayerID-FromModelshedTypeID-ToModelshedTypeID

Objects::FluxLink

11

-Area1FeatureID-Area2FeatureID-ModelshedTypeID1-ModelshedTypeID2-FractionOf1In2

Objects::AreaLink

1

*

1

*

Applications 2: ILRDB

• A prototype geodatabase of the Illinois River Basin using the Modelshed geodata model

• Combining base hydrography from the NHD / ArcHydroUSA database with supercomputer-generated regional climate data, remote sensing data, land use data, and multi-layer soils data

• A proof of concept for study using a much more extensive multi-disciplinary integrated database

SALT

SPOON

KANKAKEE

IROQUOIS

UPPER FOX

LOWER ILLINOIS

LA MOINE

DES PLAINES

VERMILION

MACKINAW

MACOUPIN

LOWER FOX

UPPER SANGAMON

CHICAGO

UPPER ILLINOISLOWER ILLINOIS-SENACHWINE LAKE

LOWER SANGAMON

SOUTH FORK SANGAMON

LOWER ILLINOIS-LAKE CHAUTAUQUA

Illinois River Basin Database (ILRDB)

Studying the relationships between large-scale phenomena and hydrology using the ILRDB

• Climate simulation precipitation and humidity data is modeled along with NDVI vegetation and surface hydrology

• Query-based analysis is used to analyze the relationships between these datasets

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month

rati

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ean

monthly average streamflow in the Illinois River at Valley City, IL

climate simulation precipitation

normalized difference vegetation index

moisture flux