The Middle Agesin Europe

and in Islamic Civilization

CHW3M

Not dark ages

Hagia Sophia built by Justinian, in Istanbul, formerly a church, became a mosque in 1453

Seven Wonders of the Medieval World, Hagia Sophia: The Place of Holy Wisdom, 2012, http://www.unmuseum.org/7wonders/hagia_sophia.htm (Dec. 4, 2015)

Preserved Viking ship and image from the Bayeux Tapestry showing the Norman invasion of England

PBS, Nova: Secrets of Viking Ships, 2000, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/viking-ships.html (Dec. 4, 2015)

Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris (Gothic – 1163-1250)

Encyclopedia Britannica, Notre Dame Cathedral, 2015, http://www.britannica.com/topic/Notre-Dame-de-Paris (Dec. 4, 2015)

Stained glass window from Chartres Cathedral, France

PBS, Nova – Medieval Stained Glass Science, 2010, http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/ancient/science-stained-glass.html (Dec. 4, 2015)

Scholars at a library in Baghdad, 1237

Wikipedia, Islamic Golden Age, Dec. 1, 2105, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_Golden_Age (Dec 4, 2015)

The Crusades – Christian Europeans vs. Muslim Middle Easterners (1096-1396)

BBC, Bitesize: The Crusades, 2015, http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/guides/zjbj6sg/revision/2 (Dec. 4, 2015)

Burying of plague (Black Death) victims

Eyewitness to History, the Black Death, 2001, http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/plague.htm (Dec. 4, 2015)

Themes

1. Conflict and Advancements

2. Dominance of the Catholic Church

3. Advancements in Islamic civilization

British Museum, Explore/highlights, Double-edged Sword, 1250-1330, N.d., http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe/d/double-edged_sword.aspx (Dec. 3, 2013).

English knight’s sword, high middle ages

Divisions of Christianity

Timeline: Growth of Christianity in Medieval Europe

Date (CE) Description

312-13 Constantine / tolerates

Pope / Patriarch / independent

380 Theodorus / heresy

527-565 Justinian’s / Christian / anti-pagan / heretics

400-700 Monks / nuns / monasteries / religion

711, 1492 Moors / Muslims / Grenada

Late 500s/600s

Anglo Saxon / Ireland and Wales

1054 Excommunicated / schism (division)

Date (CE) Description

1095 Crusade / Holy Land

1180-1270 80 / 500 / 1000s

1478, 1492 Spanish Inquisition / Jews and Muslims / refused to convert to Christianity / exiled from Spain

1517 Protestant Reformation / Martin Luther

Key Words

Key People

Pope (e.g., Urban II) Patriarch Constantine Justinian Moors Jews Muslims

Key Practices

Conversion Excommunication

HOMEWORK TAKEUP (DAY 1)

Medieval Multiple Choice

What is primogeniture?– A) When land is eaten by someone who likes

pasta– B) When the youngest son inherits all the land– C) When the eldest son inherits all the land from a

noble father– D) When the eldest son inherits all the land from

his peasant father

Con’t

Whose Christian Roman Empire came first?– Constantine– Justinian

Who didn’t invade Europe during the Middle Ages?– A) Vikings– B) Romans – C) Muslims– D) Magyars

Con’t

What was another name for the Eastern Roman Empire?– A) China– B) Mongolia– C) Byzantium– D) Vikingland

S Words

Sacred or secular?– Priests, monks and nuns provided medical

services– Priests performed baptisms, marriages and other

rituals– Many cathedrals were built during prosperous

times– Many Germanic tribes converted to Christianity

Match

Word Description/definition

_____ Pagan a Word used by Christians to describe non-Christians in a very negative light

_____ Infidel b Women who pray and live apart from society

_____ Monk c Men who pray and live apart from society

_____ Nun d Going against Christian practices and beliefs

_____ Monastery e Non-Christian religion with multiple gods

_____ Heresy f Soldier

_____ Inquisition g A campaign to eradicate heresy

Middle Ages Lists

One of these words just doesn’t belong in each group.– A) Patriarch, Constantinople, Rome– B) Moors, monks, Muslims, Spain– C) Monks, nuns, heretics, monasteries– D) Cathedral, pagan, heretic, excommunication

Sensible Sentences

Which sentence(s) make(s) sense? – A) A serf is more powerful than a lord. – B) A lord may grant land and protection to a

vassal. – C) Excommunication is a good thing if you are

seen as a heretic by the pope. – D) There was a schism in Christianity between

Moors and pagans.

Feudalism

Context – Background – An age of invasions

Landowners build defensive forts (LORDS)– Ordinary people are willing to give up their freedom in

order to receive protection from lords (SERFS)

Feudalism is a system of relationships related to land-owning and land-working

Metropolitan Museum of Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, Arms and Armor in Medieval Europe, 2000-2013, http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/arms/hd_arms.htm (Dec. 3, 2013).

Ostrogothic helmet, 6th century

Apprenticeship of a Knight

Arrange the following stages in the correct order: – Knight, page, squire

Which stage had most freedom? Which stage was basically an education? Which stage was basically service and

practice? Which stage was basically “the real thing?”

British Museum, Explore/Highlights, State of a Knight, 1350-1450, N.d., http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/highlight_objects/pe/s/statue_of_a_knight.aspx

(Dec. 3, 2013).

Con’t

How does the apprenticeship of a knight reinforce continuity in Middle Ages society?

Crusades

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8glhcgltux4 Alexius asked _________ to help him

_______________ the Turks. The Pope was gaining ___________ and hoped to

take over ________________. How to kill in the name of God when Jesus said “turn

the other cheek?”– It is only a _________ to kill Christians– It is OK to kill _______________– It is your ______________ to kill for God

Con’t

What incentives were offered to Christian Crusaders?

– They would be freed from penalties for ___ they’ve committed.

– They can take their enemy’s _____________________– If you die while fighting your sins will be

_________________

How did Urban II use propaganda in his speech at Clermont?

Crusades Video Key words

Holy war Penance Salvation Hell Sin Heaven Infidel

Crusader King Louis IX of France portrayed in stained glass window (1245-1248) carrying relics back from the Holy Land

Metropolitan Museum of Art, Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History, Stained Glass Panel, 2000-2013, http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/37.173.3 (Dec. 3, 2013).

Crusades, 536-541

Overview Effects

– Military– Trade– Unintended