The Metric System
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Transcript of The Metric System
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The Metric System
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The Metric System• All scientific measurements are made using
the Metric System.• It is also called the SI System
(La Systeme International d’Unites)• The Unites States is the only major country
that does not use this system.
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Very Easy To Use There are base units and prefixes Based on 10 (10 and 100 and 1,000) so you
multiply or divide by 10 when converting It’s a decimal system… Can you think of a
system we use every day that is a decimal system?
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Metric Base Units
Length (how long it is) meterVolume (how much space it takes up) liter (for
liquids) meter (for solids)
Mass (how much matter is in it) gramTemp. (how much heat it has) °Celsius
Time (how long it takes) second
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How Do We Measure Them?Length
Temperature
Volume
TimeMass
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Metric Prefixes
kilohectodeka
decicentimilli
100010010
1/10 (0.1)1/100 (0.01)1/1000 (0.001)
BASE UNIT 1
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Moving the Decimal for Length
Smaller Units, Larger Number
Larger Units, Smaller Number
Base Unit
kilo(km)
Hecto(hm)
Deka(dka)
METER(m)
Deci(dm)
Centi(cm)
Milli(mm)
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The length of the yellow line in centimeters (there will not be a decimal) is _______ cmThe length of the yellow line in meters (there will be a decimal) is _______ m
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Mass• The mass is the amount of matter (or
stuff) in an object and never changes unless you change the object.
• We use a triple beam balance to find the mass of an object in grams.
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Mass vs. Weight
• The weight of something is the amount of gravity pulling down on an object and will change if you go somewhere with more or less gravity.
• Mass is NOT the same as weight!
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Moving the Decimal for Mass
Smaller Units, Larger Number
Larger Units, Smaller Number
Base Unit
kilo(kg)
Hecto(hg)
Deka(dkg)
GRAM(g)
Deci(dg)
Centi(cg)
Milli(mg)
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Use the triple beam balance to find the mass of a football in grams?
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Volume• The volume is the amount of space an
object takes up.• For liquids or oddly-shaped solids, we use a
graduated cylinder or beaker to find the volume in liters (or mL).
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Volume• The surface of the liquid might look
slightly curved.• This curve is called the meniscus and we
read the amount of mL from the lowest point of the meniscus.
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Volume• For easy-to-measure solids (like a cereal
box), we use a rule to find the volume in cubic meters (m3).
• Volume (m3) = Length x Width x Height
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Moving the Decimal for Volume
Smaller Units, Larger Number
Larger Units, Smaller Number
Base Unit
kilo(kL)
Hecto(hL)
Deka(dkL)
LITER(L)
Deci(dL)
Centi(cL)
Milli(mL)
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Use the meniscus (lowest point of the water’s surface) to find the volume of the water (there will be a decimal). The volume is about _______ mL.
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Measuring Mass and Volume• Take out a new piece of paper and do the
following:
• Put your name and hour in the top right hand corner
• Write 1. Mass and then skip 5 lines
• Write 2. Volume of a liquid and then skip 5 lines
• Write 3. Volume of a solid and then skip 5 lines
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Density• Density is the amount of matter
(mass) per given space (volume)
• Density = Mass (g) ÷ Volume (mL or cm3)
• For example, water’s density is 1 g/mL which means that there is 1 gram of matter in every mL of water.
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DensityThink of it like a suitcase…
the more clothes you try to fit in a suitcase, the more packed it gets.
More packed = More dense
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DensityWhen you compare the density of two or more objects, the denser objects will sink below the less dense objects.
For example, if an object has a density of 2 g/mL … what will it do in water? What if an object has a density of 0.2 g/mL?
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Density
• EXAMPLE OF SAME MASS (151 g):Spongebob Mac & Cheese
Easter jelly beans
• EXAMPLE OF SAME VOLUME (5,452 cm3):Red Swirly bowling ball Spider Web bowling ball
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DensityREMEMBER: Denser objects sink below less dense objects!
• Number your paper 1 – 5
• Order the following objects from least dense (#1) to most dense (#5):
• Water (blue), Syrup, Oil, Rubbing Alcohol (green), Oil, and Dish Soap