THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF LIFE
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THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF LIFE MRS. SANDY GOMEZ
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THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF LIFE. MRS. SANDY GOMEZ. Taxonomy Schemes. Two K ingdom S ystem (Carl Linnaeus ) Five Kingdom System (Robert Whittaker ) Three Domain System ( Carl Woese ). THE TWO KINGDOM SYSTEM. Initially used by Linneus Divided all life forms into : Plants Animals. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF LIFE
THE MAJOR LINEAGES OF
LIFEMRS. SANDY GOMEZ
Taxonomy Schemes
0Two Kingdom System (Carl Linnaeus)
0Five Kingdom System (Robert Whittaker)
0Three Domain System (Carl Woese)
THE TWO KINGDOM SYSTEM
0 Initially used by Linneus
0Divided all life forms into:
0 Plants
0 Animals
THE TWO KINGDOM SYSTEM
Kingdom 1 Kingdom 2
Plants Animals
Included: bacteria, plants, fungi, chloroplast containing protist
Included: animals and every other organism that moved and ingested food
THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM
0 Initially used by Robert H. Whittaker
0He divided organisms into 5 kingdoms, according to their
type of cell, eating habits and movement.
0Recognized the two types of cells:
0 Prokaryotes (1 kingdom)
0 Eukaryotes (4 kingdoms)
THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM
5 kingdoms
Animals or Animalia
Plants or Plantae
ProtistMonera or Prokaryotes
Fungi or Mycota
THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM0According to Linneaus:
0 Plants are autotrophic in nutritional mode, making their
food by photosynthesis.
0 Fungi are heterotrophic organisms that are absorptive in
nutritional mode. Most fungi are decomposers.
0 Animals live by ingesting food and digesting it within
specialized cavities.
0 Protista consisted of all eukaryotes that did not fit the
definition of plants, fungi, or animals. Most of them are
unicellular.
THE FIVE KINGDOM SYSTEM
0 But, eventually, pointed out some
problems:
0 There are two distinct lineages of
prokaryotes.
0 The diverse eukaryotes formerly
collected in the kingdom Protista.
0 Like any classification scheme, the five-kingdom system is not a natural fact
but a human construct.
0 Is one attempt to order the diversity of life into a scheme that is useful and
reasonable.
THE THREE DOMAIN SYSTEM0 Introduced by Carl Woese
0 The three domains, are essentially super-
kingdoms, a taxonomic level even higher
than the kingdom level.
0 Bacteria
0 Archaea
0 Eukarya
0 Scheme that is used today
0 Schemes change with new scientific
discoveries
THE THREE DOMAIN SYSTEM
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