The habitat selection of a female lynx (Lynx lynx) in the northwestern ...
The Lynx X-Ray Surveyor Mission - RITridl.cfd.rit.edu/products/talks/SDW/SDW...
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The Lynx X-Ray Surveyor Mission Abe Falcone (Penn State University) Presented on behalf of the Lynx Team ❖ A symbol of great insight with the ability to see through solid objects to reveal the true nature of things. ❖ Much of the baryonic matter and the settings of the most active energy release in the Universe are visible primarily or exclusively in the X-rays ❖ Peers deeply into origin and evolution of structure in the Universe S. Allen, Stanford M. Bautz, MIT W. N. Brandt, Penn State J. Bregman, Michigan M. Donahue, MSU J. Gaskin, MSFC (Study Sci.) Z. Haiman, Columbia R. Hickox, Dartmouth T. Jeltema, UCSC J. Kollmeier, OCIW A. Kravtsov, U. Chicago L. Lopez, Ohio State R. Osten, STScI F. Paerels, Columbia D. Pooley, Trinity A. Ptak, GSFC E. Quataert, Berkeley C. Reynolds, UMD D. Stern, JPL Community STDT F. Özel, Arizona (Co-Chair) A. Vikhlinin, SAO (Co-Chair)
Transcript of The Lynx X-Ray Surveyor Mission - RITridl.cfd.rit.edu/products/talks/SDW/SDW...
The Lynx X-Ray Surveyor Mission Abe Falcone (Penn State University) Presented on behalf of the Lynx Team
❖ A symbol of great insight with the ability to see through solid objects to reveal the true nature of things.
❖ Much of the baryonic matter and the settings of the most active energy release in the Universe are visible primarily or exclusively in the X-rays
❖ Peers deeply into origin and evolution of structure in the Universe
S. Allen, StanfordM. Bautz, MITW. N. Brandt, Penn StateJ. Bregman, MichiganM. Donahue, MSUJ. Gaskin, MSFC (Study Sci.)Z. Haiman, ColumbiaR. Hickox, DartmouthT. Jeltema, UCSC
J. Kollmeier, OCIWA. Kravtsov, U. ChicagoL. Lopez, Ohio StateR. Osten, STScIF. Paerels, ColumbiaD. Pooley, TrinityA. Ptak, GSFCE. Quataert, BerkeleyC. Reynolds, UMDD. Stern, JPL
Community STDTF. Özel, Arizona (Co-Chair)A. Vikhlinin, SAO (Co-Chair)
Lynx Concept Team
+InstrumentsWorkingGroups:MarkBautz(Chair)HDXICo-Chairs:AbeFalcone,RalphKra�uCalCo-Chairs:SimonBandler,EnactaliFigueroa-FelicianoGra�ngCo-Chairs:RandyMcEntaffer,RalfHeilmann+Op�csWorkingGroup:Co-Chairs:MarkScha�enberg,LesterCohen+8ScienceWorkingGroups
F. Özel, Arizona (Co-Chair)A. Vikhlinin, SAO (Co-Chair)
S. Allen, StanfordM. Bautz, MITW. N. Brandt, Penn StateJ. Bregman, MichiganM. Donahue, MSUJ. Gaskin, MSFC (Study Sci.)Z. Haiman, ColumbiaR. Hickox, DartmouthT. Jeltema, UCSC
J. Kollmeier, OCIWA. Kravtsov, U. ChicagoL. Lopez, Ohio StateR. Osten, STScIF. Paerels, ColumbiaD. Pooley, TrinityA. Ptak, GSFCE. Quataert, BerkeleyC. Reynolds, UMDD. Stern, JPL
Thereare>250peopleacrossacademia,industry,government,andnon-USspaceagenciesinvolvedintheLynxConceptStudy
Lynx and the 2020 Astrophysics Decadal Survey Lynxwillrevolu�onizeourviewoftheUniversebyprovidinguniqueinsightintothehigh-energydriversthatgovernitsforma�onandevolu�on.
Astro2020DecadalStudyInput:
1.Asciencecaseforthemission
2.Adesignreferencemissionandobservatory,including
areportonanytradeoffanalyses
3.Atechnologyassessmentincluding:currentstatus,
roadmapformatura�on&resources
4.Acostassessmentandlis�ngofthetoptechnicalrisks
todeliveringthesciencecapabili�es
5.Atoplevelscheduleincludingano�onallaunchdate
andtopschedulerisks.
×50higherthroughputwhilemaintainingChandra'sangularresolu�on.
×16largersolidangleforsub-arcsecimaging
×800highersurveyspeedattheChandraDeepField
limit
SignificantimprovementinResolvingPowerforgra�ngspectroscopy
High-resolu�on,spa�allyresolvedspectroscopyonfinescales
We should be looking at the hot gas (with required angular & spectral resolution)
The Dawn of Black Holes Lynxwillobservethebirthofthefirstseedblackholesatredshi�upto10andprovideacensusofthemassiveblackholepopula�oninthelocalanddistantuniverse,followtheirgrowthandassemblyacrosscosmic�me,andmeasuretheimpactoftheirenergyinputonallscales.
Simulated2x2arcmindeepfields
JWST,~0.1” resolution,‘First Galaxies’
4 Msec, 5″ resolutionConfusion Limited
Lynx (4 Msec), 0.5” resolution‘First Accretion Light’
The Invisible Drivers Behind Galaxy Formation and Evolution Theassembly,growth,andthestateofvisiblema�erinthecosmicstructuresislargelydrivenbyviolentprocessesthatheatsthegasintheCGMandIGM.Theexquisitespectralandangularresolu�onofLynxwillmakeitauniqueinstrumentformappingthehotgasaroundgalaxiesandintheCosmicWeb.
Facility Class Observatory: Exploration Science with a Rich Community-Driven General Observer Program!
JWSTwilldetect~2×106gal/deg2atitssensi�vitylimit(Windhorstetal.).The0.5”angularresolu�onofLynxwillminimizesourceconfusion
Lynx Optical Assembly High-resolu�onX-rayOp�calAssembly:3ViableArchitectures–TradeStudy
FullShell(K.Kilaru/USRA/MSFC,G.Pareschi/OAB)
AdjustableOp�cs(P.Reid/SAO)
Meta-ShellSiOp�cs(W.Zhang/GSFC)
CXC
/D. B
erry
Up-selectwillbebasedonScience,TechnicalandProgramma�ccriteria(TBF) Doestheconfigura�onSa�sfyScienceRequirements? Isthereafeasiblepathfordevelopment? Arethereexis�ngX-raymeasurementsand/oranalyses? Canitinterfacewiththespacecra�andsurvivelaunch?
OWGwillmakeaformalrecommenda�ontoSTDT:6/1/18STDTFinalizestheirdecision:7/1/18
LynxOp�calAssembly
Angularresolu�on(on-axis) 0.5arcsecHPD(orbe�er)
Effec�vearea@1keV 2m2(metwith3-mOD)
Off-axisPSF(grasp),A*(FOVforHPD<1arcsec)
≥2m2*300arcmin2
WideFOVsub-arcsecImaging 10arcminradius
Science Driven Requirements
Lynx Optical Assembly
Deposi�on(MSFC,XRO)
ThermalForming(GSFC,SAO)
Piezostress(SAO/PSU)
SiOp�cs(GSFC)
Magne�c&deposi�onstress(NU)
Fullshells
Segments
Wedges
INTEGRATION
CORRECTION
FABRICATION
SegmentedAssembly
Meta-ShellAssembly
Ionimplantstress(MIT)Ionbeam
Ionbeam
Implantedlayers
TopbearingN2
Glass Bo�omBearing
AirBearingSlumping(MIT)FullShell(Brera,MSFC,SAO)
Ionbeamfiguring(OAB)
Lynx Science Instruments
X-Ray Grating Spectrometer (XGS) XGSLeads:R.McEntaffer(PSU),RalfHeilmann(MIT)
InstrumentDesignStudy(On-going@MSFCACO)
HDXILeads:R.Kra�(SAO),A.Falcone(PSU)
InstrumentDesignStudy(On-going@MSFCACO)
Lynx X-ray Microcalorimeter (LXM) LXMLeads:S.Bandler(GSFC),E.Figueroa-Feliciano
(Northwestern)
InstrumentDesignLab(Completed1stIDL@GSFC)
MonolithicCMOS HybridCMOS DigitalCCDwithCMOSreadout
Off-PlaneGra�ngArray Cri�calAngleTransmissionGra�ngArray
LynxX-rayMicrocalorimeter
Instrument Working Group Lead: M. Bautz (MIT)
Lynx Science Instruments: Requirements
High Definition X-ray Imager (Notional) EnergyRange 0.2–10keV
QE(includingfilter) >0.85at0.5-7keV,>TBDfrom0.15-0.5keV
FOV 22’x22’(4kx4kpixels)
PixelSize <16x16µm(≤0.33”)
ReadNoise ≤4e-
EnergyResolu�on ≤[email protected],≤[email protected](FWHM)
FrameRate >100frames/s(fullframe)>10000frames/s(windowedregion)
Radia�onTolerance 10yrsatL2
X-rayGra�ngSpectrometer(No�onal)
Effec�veArea [email protected](63%azimuthalcoverage)
ResolvingPower,R >5,000
EnergyResolu�on <5eV(FWHM)
CountRateCapability <1count/s/pixel
Arraysize 300x300pixelarray
LynxX-rayMicrocalorimeter(No�onal)
PixelSize 1”(50µmpixelsfor10-mfocallength)
FOV Atleast5’x5’
EnergyResolu�on <5eV(FWHM)
CountRateCapability <1count/s/pixel
Arraysize 300x300pixelarray
No�onalCalorimeterPixellayouts
Requirements: X-Ray Gratings
200nm-periodsilicongra�ngmembranewithintegratedL1&L2supports,>30x8mm2
Fabrica�onresults29.5°blazedgra�ng
CATG(MIT) OPG(PennState)
X-rayGra�ngSpectrometer(No�onal)
Effec�veArea [email protected](63%azimuthalcoverage)
ResolvingPower,R >5,000
EnergyResolu�on <5eV(FWHM)
CountRateCapability <1count/s/pixel
Arraysize 300x300pixelarray
High Definition X-ray Imager (HDXI)
1 Lynx National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Control
Data
Power
% % %
Back End Processors (2)
HDXI Detector Assembly Radiator
HDXI Detector Electronics Radiator
Detector Assembly Vacuum Enclosure
Fiducial Lights
Focus Adjust Mechanisms
Detector Electronics Unit Enclosure
Spacecraft Bus
Front End Mother Board
Sensor Array (21 Sensors)
Filter Assembly (5 filters)
Vacuum Enclosure Door
Heat Pipes
Heat Pipes
Power Supplies (2)
Detector Controllers (2)
VME Controllers (2)
Heat Pipe
Control
Data
Power
Translation Table
X-RAYS Structures / Mechanisms
Thermal Control
Electronics Key:
Event Recognition Processors (5)
Heat Sink
Heat Sink Heat Pipes Cold Plate Heat Pipes
Heat Pipe
High Definition X-ray Imager (Notional) EnergyRange 0.2–10keV
QE(includingfilter) >0.85at0.5-7keV,>TBDfrom0.15-0.5keV
FOV 22’x22’(4kx4kpixels)
PixelSize <16x16µm(≤0.33”)
ReadNoise ≤4e-
EnergyResolu�on ≤[email protected],≤[email protected](FWHM)
FrameRate >100frames/s(fullframe)>10000frames/s(windowedregion)
Radia�onTolerance 10yrsatL2
3 Different HDXI Sensors Approaches MonolithicCMOSAc�vePixelSensor
SingleSiwaferusedforbothphotondetec�onandreadoutelectronics Sarnoff/SAOandMPE
HybridCMOSAc�vePixelSensor Mul�plebondedlayers,withdetec�onlayerop�mizedforphotondetec�onandreadoutcircuitrylayerop�mizedindependently Teledyne/PSU
DigitalCCDwithCMOSreadout
CCDSisensorwithmul�pleparallelreadoutportsanddigi�za�onon-chip LL/MIT
& & & &
& & & & & & & &
& & & & & & & & &
& & & & & &
& & & & & &&
Chandra/AC
Teledyne
& & & &
& & & & & & & &
& & & & & & & & &
& & & & & &
& & & & & &&
Swift/XRT
Sarnoff
22 mm
512 x 512 8µm pixel
CCID85A B C
D E F
Notional HDXI Detector Layout Options
Notional schematic layout of detector focal plane : 21 tilted detectors with 1024x1024 pixels (<16 µm pixel pitch) per detector.
Based on initial ray tracing studies, the multiple tilted detector option appears to be desired (relative to a single 4kx4k) in order to fully realize the angular resolution offered by mirrors with sub-arcsec resolution out to 10 arcmin from center.
(Curveddetectorscouldalsobeconsidered,buttheyarenotnecessaryforrequirements.Curveddetectorscouldsimplifyfocalplanefront-endelectronics/wiringbyusinglessdetectors.)
2017 – Program Office(s) Technology Management Board
All have been demonstrated individually
High Definition X-Ray Imager
Hybrids have achieved the depletion depths required for high
make further developments to achieve these depletion depths
Monolithic architectures have achieved low read noise, but hybrids still need to progress further to achieve < 4 e-
All devices have achieved small pixel sizes, but further development is needed to do this while retaining other advantages and while limiting impacts of increased charge diffusion due to the increase in the aspect ratio of pixel depth-to-width
While higher frame rates are already possible with APSs, relative to CCDs,
frame rates at the focal plane level and to achieve the required read noise while simultaneously achieving fast frame rates for the long-term mission requirements (>100 frame/sec for >16 Mpix cameras)
STDT science discussions suggest Emphasis on soft (<1 keV
Technical Challenges
Optics
Pre -Collim
ator
Post-Collim
ator
Grating Arrays
Aft Door
Aspect Cam
eraO
uter Door
Magnetic Broom
12 m2.85 m
4.5 m
Spacecraft Bus
Focal Plane
Optical Cone
10 m9.475 m
Grating Readout(not on translation table)
Translation Table• Micro-Calorimeter• High Definition X-Ray Imager (HDXI)
GratingsArrays (4)
Magnetic Broom
Translation Table
Aft DoorNot Shown
Instruments:• Micro-Calorimeter• High Definition X-Ray Imager (HDXI)• Grating Readout (not on translation table)
Optics
Pre-Collimator
Post-Collimator
Outer Door(Not Shown)
Aspect Camera Not Shown
Micro-Calorimeter Dewar
HDXI Electronics
Optical Bench
Translation Table Motion
Micro-Calorimeter Electronics
Translation TableISIM Mounting Plate
Micro-Calorimeter Cryo-Cooler
XGS Radiators
Translation Table Enclosure (and Radiators) not shown
Mission Design + Trades
Structures[LaunchvehicleTrade]
Thermal
Propulsion
Avionics[CommTrade]
GNC[RapidresponsecapabilityTrade]
Power
Mechanisms[Moveableop�csvs.instrumenttableTrade]
Environments[OrbitTrade]
L2
moonSun-Earth L2
TESS-type Orbit
BEST OPTIONS LaunchVehicle(Both)
Delta-V(SE-L2)
ThermalEnvironment(SE-L2)
Eclipsing(SE-L2,just)
Communica�ons(TESS)
MeteroidEnvironment(Both)
Radia�onEnvironment(average/worstcase–TBD)
Serviceability(SE-L2)
Disposal(TESS)
Sta�onKeeping(TESS)
DisturbanceEnvironment(Both)
LynxX-rayObservatory–No�onalMissionLifecycleSchedule
Thank You!
ForthelatestLynxnewsandevents,andtosignuptotheNewsDistribu�onvisitusat:
h�ps://wwwastro.msfc.nasa.gov/lynx/
Optics
Multilayer Insulation and Coatings
Ultraflex Solar Panels (2)(5.7 m Dia.)
12 m
Outer Door(not shown)
OpticalBench
Spacecraft Bus (4.5 m Dia.)
InstrumentRadiators
InstrumentTable Enclosure
