The Literature Review and the 3 R’s Gone fishin’.
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Transcript of The Literature Review and the 3 R’s Gone fishin’.
MA in Practice-based Play Therapy
Module 7Write a research proposal (4,000 words)Submit to Student Project Ethics Committee (SPEC) for approvalOnce approved – submit to AS for 1st marking
Module 8Carry out your research projectWrite up into research dissertation (12,000 words) – submit to AS for 1st marking
Research Proposal Template
Working titleResearch questionAims and objectivesIntroduction (and/or Background)Literature reviewStudy designMethodology and methodsData analysisEthical considerationsStudy timetableReferences
Research Proposal TemplateWebinar series: webinar 1
Working titleResearch questionAims and objectivesIntroduction (and/or Background)Literature reviewStudy designMethodology and methodsData analysisEthical considerationsStudy timetableReferences
Research Proposal TemplateWebinar series: webinar 2
Working titleResearch questionAims and objectivesIntroduction (and/or Background)Literature reviewStudy designMethodology and methodsData analysisEthical considerationsStudy timetableReferences
Research Proposal TemplateWebinar series: webinar 3
Working titleResearch questionAims and objectives Introduction (and/or Background)Theoretical contextLiterature reviewStudy designMethodology and methodsData analysisEthical considerationsStudy timetableReferences
Literature sources – quality not quantity
Research articles in peer-reviewed academic journals
Cochrane reviewsPractice articlesBooks by one authorChapters in edited booksConference proceedingsDissertations or thesesWebsitesOther sources; historical documents, legal
documents, government papers etc
Lists and summaries?
Find sources relevant to your research questionKeep a list of how, where and when you found them
(see Search Strategy paper in Session 2 resources)Keep a clear list of sources – full and accurate
reference ready for your bibliographySummarise their key pointsRate their importance to your work
BUT THIS IS NOT ENOUGH!!An excellent literature review synthesises and
analyses your sources
Synthesis and analysis
Think of your literature review as a story or pathway
As you read sources note down the themes that arise (include things that writers seem to agree on and seem to disagree on)
See how one thing links to another – look for similarities and differences (analyse)
Draw the themes together and write about these (not a list of authors or sources)
Draw ...
Turn your reading into a drawing or spidergram or mindmap so that you can
literally SEE the themes or ideas emerging and you can SEE how they relate to each
other
Generate keys words for searching from your research question
What is the effect of an early therapeutic intervention on the reflective functioning of deprived mothers?
Boolean operators AND / OR
“Reflective functioning AND mothers”
Rough guide to lit rev format
Outline the main issues at the beginningProvide the analysis and synthesis of the
themes in the middleEnd by summarising the issues,
differences, paradoxes, dilemmas and questions yet to be resolved.
Critical reading not bedtime reading!
Characteristics of bedtime reading: absorbing, transporting, entertaining .... sleeping!!
Critical reading is actually 3 things ◦ Reading quickly looking for key things; skimming through◦ Thinking about what you are reading◦ Writing brief notes and collect quotes; write (code) on the
text (unless not your’s!)
Design your own notation system – I draw stars, long lines down margins, exclamation marks etc
– I use a colour marker on the front page at the top – red, orange and green – for important, quite important and less important etc
Writing – four rules
Writers writeWriting is a processYou don’t know what your writing will be
until the end of the process.If writing is your practice; the only way to
fail is not to write (Sher, 1999, p.5)
Sher, G. (1999) One Continuous Mistake: Four noble truths for writers. London: Arkana.
Academic writing ....
Is not dry and boring and difficult to understand (unless it’s very technical or been poorly written!!)
It is clear and logical and even vibrant!
Clear thinking = clear writing(muddled thinking = muddled writing)
Work on your writing – craft it – draft it – laugh at it!
Exercise: micro-structuring
1. Write a paragraph on your current material
2. Re-write it until it is clear and transparent3. Under this paragraph write a one-
sentence summary of the paragraph4. Under this write a link sentence which
says how the next paragraph will logically follow the first
5. Then write the next paragraph(when you get good at this, “think” stages 3
and 4 rather than write them down)
Referencing
MUST start a system for this nowBasically is academic courtesy and imperative
to avoid plaigerism (extremely serious academic offence – software used to identify!)
References are for when you use others’ ideas work or direct quotes within your writing
To keep the text flowing you write a short reference (also known as a citation) immediately following the relevant text – author and date (and page number if a direct quote)
You write the full list of authors, dates, titles, place of publication and publisher in a section at the end called References
Quiz question
What is the difference between a bibliography and a references section?
Useful exercise - correct your diploma essay referencing – check your
bibliography You WILL lose marks for incorrect
referencing!!
Little tour today!!
www.refworks.com
Separate masterclass available in the summerFREE RefWorks available through CCCU Library
Set up your own accountAccess from any PC anywhere
Writes your bibliography and/or references for you in Harvard!
If you really want to, you can write code into your dissertation which pulls the citation in from RefWorks
On the other hand:You might prefer an index box system
You can also use Word functions to store your referencesSee paper in Session 2 resources
Student Projects Ethics Committee(SPEC)
A committee which examine your proposed research in detail and approve it to be carried out under the auspices of CCCU
Meet monthly (dates on Blackboard)Submit your bundle of papers by submission date to
committee secretaryPlan carefully – submit your papers well in advance of
your proposed research fieldworkSend you an email detailing any necessary changes
(you then re-submit to Chair)Send you a letter giving you approval and the go-ahead
to begin your research project
Preparing the papers ...
1. Ethics checklist – this is a toolkit which decides if you need to submit a full application – YES answers lead to a full submission, NO answers you just register your project with the Head of Department of Health and Social Care. Retrospective studies may still need full approval granting.
2. Your research proposal (4,000) words3. All project protocols; participant information pack, informed
consent letter, copies of measures to be used4. SPEC application form5. SPEC declaration form6. Peer review form7. Gatekeeper letter8. Risk assessment for project9. Researcher CV, CRB and insurance10. Copy PTUK/PTI ethical framework11. Overseas declaration