The Link to Ink in India 3.1 A.pdf · Khushboo Scientific - 1 Komal Scientific Co. - 7 K-Tech...
Transcript of The Link to Ink in India 3.1 A.pdf · Khushboo Scientific - 1 Komal Scientific Co. - 7 K-Tech...
TC NO.: MAHENG 13587
Volume : 3 • Issue : 1 • Mumbai JAN - MAR 2020 • Page 104 • Price : 250/-
The Link to Ink in India
022-4884 4884/5 [email protected] www.khushbooscienfic.comKhushboo Scientific pvt. ltdth
151, 15 Floor, Jolly Maker Chambers II, Nariman Point, Mumbai - 21
QC Laboratory Instruments For -
Paint & Powder Coang | Corrosion & Weathering | Colour Spectro | Adhesive | Packaging | Plasc | Paper | Prinng & Ink | Oil/Petroleum | Chemical | Pharma & Food | Texle
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Specialist in World Class Prinng Ink Tesng Instruments
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The Inkometer 1100 measures the apparent tack of prinng ink under condions closely approximang the dynamic condions of the ink-distribuon system of a prinng press. The tesng instrument provides the highest accuracy and efficiency for research and development, quality control and process evaluaon to verify, test and improve quality.
Simulang the dynamic condions that occur in the ink-distribung system of a press, the Inkometer provides reliable data on the tack and length of ink.
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ECKART Effect Pigments - 37Esaar International - 39Frigmaries - 35 Fujifilm - 17Galaxy Sivtek - 98Gem Synthetics & Polymers - 63Harmony - 83 HD Micron - 85 Hubergroup - 15IEC Plant Engineering - 41 India Dye Chem - 3INORG CHEMIE INC - 77IPAMA - 79Jaysynth - 75Jayveer Industries - 87 Jayveer Industries - 89
JMF - Bombay chemical and Rub-ber Product - 31Kaykay Printing Ink - 25Khushboo Scientific - 1Komal Scientific Co. - 7K-Tech Additives (India) Ltd. - 47Magnus Impex - 65Meghmani - 95Mikrons - 71Miwons - 9Muzim - 73 Netzch - 49 Orbit Research Associates Pvt ltd. - 45 Pidilite - 43Print Dynamic - IBCQuality speciality chemicals llp - 8
Raj Speciality & Additives - GATE FOLDSaiper Chemicals Pvt. Ltd. - BCSanjay Enterprises - 91Seven 11 Industries - CP & IFCShiva Performance Materials - 51Sohan Dye Chem - 89Surya Traders - 93Synco Industries Ltd. - 29Toyo Inks - 5Vimal Intertrade - 55WAB India Pvt. Ltd. - 57Yasham - 67
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CONTENTS
04 Editorial08 President Speaks10 Safe Printing Inks for Food Packaging20 Budget 202024 AIPIMA EGM26 Pench AIPIMA Meet28 Inkmakers aquires business of Tecnopails30 Water-Based Flexo Gravure Liquid Inks 38 Pamex 202044 Plastvision 202048 Recycling Process of Plastic Bottles52 Sustainable Packaging58 Inkometer 110062 Semi President and CEO66 Semi Releases Global Semiconductor Equipment70 SEMI-FlexTech Launches Six New FHE Projects72 2020 Flex - MSTC76 Novel Coronavirus in China78 DSK Inkjet 80 Akil Contractor’s apostrophe82 Is the printing ink and packaging industry growing
for real?86 Redefining Printing88 Industry News & Event Calender
Published & Printed by Mr.B.S.Kampani on be half of All India Printing Inks Manufacturer’s Association Ltd. Printed at Asha Printery: 239-240/A1, Shah & Nahar Industrial Estate,Sitaram Jadhav Marg, Lower Parel,Mumbai -400013,Tel: 24929816 / 24923527 and Published at 307/C, Twin Arcade, Military Road, Marol Maroshi, Andheri, (East), Mumbai -400 059
Acknowldegement: PrintWeek India, WhatPackaging? and Ink World
Editor Chief- Mr B.S.Kampani
Office BearersMr D.N. Patil Hon PresidentMr R. Sridharan Hon Vice PresidentDr Ravindra Gandhi Hon SecretaryMr Abhay Shah Hon Treasurer Managing Committee Mr Bodi Kampani Editor In Chief Mr. D. M. SathyeMr. Bhaumik MehtaMr. K. S. MurthyMr. R. K. ShahMr. Raghav RaoMr. Utsab ChoudharyMr. Ranbir PanesarMr. Shekhar IyerMr. Rahul SharmaMr. Rajeev SharmaMr. Manoj Biyani
Inknews Content CommitteeMr. Bhaumik MehtaMr. Gaurav Sathye Mr. Raghav RaoMr. Reynold D’souzaMr. Zaniul LakadwalaMr. Utsab Choudhary
www.aipima.org
Jan - Mar | 20202 | InkNews
Are we prepared? Situations, scenarios and positions in
today’s world change faster than we can process to make
sense of them and respond appropriately. Disorganization,
confusion has crept forcefully into our worlds and captured
our imaginations, rendering us haphazard sense of living.
Sudden emergence of Coronavirus in China shook the
world; reminding us, how fragile is life and economy. Its
advancing impact across 100+ countries is likely to leave
more people bankrupt than dead. The virus could affect up
to 42 percent of China’s economy, according to Standard
Chartered. Reverberations of which are being felt across the
world; leading to erosion of billions. Preventive measures
like travel limits, partial quarantine, interrupted supply
chain, company shut downs, etc. could have far-reaching
implications on global economy, which is estimated to grow
only 2.4 percent this year, the lowest since 2009. “The
dependence of countries on each other and overall wellbeing
of world in the global village is abundantly clear”.
Enough estimates have been floated and debated about
India’s economic growth and status. Absence of absolute
credible numbers has lead to confusion and caution among
business community and (local and global) investors. Lack
of clarity of our exact economic situation is frustrating. Even
more so, having well publicized our ambitious and delightful
plans to become $5 trillion Economy in the next 5 years,
from current $2.7 trillion.
The hard fact is that our GDP has got to sustain growth
at 9% consistently for the next 5-6 years to be able to reach
our goal to become World’s third largest economy at $5
trillion by 2025. We are talking about doubling our economy
for heaven sake! Not sure how popular guesstimate of
current GDP 5-5+% can lead us to our goal without well
defined direction and supporting, time-bound result oriented
corrective measures.
Exports must double up and reach $1trillion to give
required push towards our goal. Among many other factors,
unemployment being at a 45-year high of 6.1 % and decline
on FDI (which is very crucial for Exports), exports have
shrunk to 6.5%. India’s trade balance deficit is large relative
to both the overall world imbalances and its GDP.
Countries like China (world’s factory –top nation with
highest manufacturing output in the world with over with over
$2.01 trillion in output) & Singapore (non-manufacturing
country) have grown through exports and inflow of funds into
their country. At the end of the day, its all about Aap kitna
Dhan Ghar me leke aate ho (How much wealth do you
as an Indian, bring back to your country?).
Measures by Govt. and policymakers, which focus on
encouraging inflow of overseas foreign wealth in to the
country for business, which has been plundered through
consumption & greed are much needed. Sadly, India is not
on radar of companies considering to move out China due to
US-China trade war to shift base here. Logistical bottlenecks,
the turnaround time, corruption, lax quality control, non-tariff
barriers and administrative hurdles (like time-consuming
custom clearances, timely certification) are some of the
road blocks, which will have to be ironed out to promote
exports. Powers be will have to address and smoothen the
bumpy ride to double up exports. Internal consumption only,
will certainly not be enough to drive the growth because of
limitation of availability of disposable income in the hands of
aam janta across age groups.
The economists of the country advising the Govt. will
have to come out with balanced formula where the bank
rate interest are decreased for manufacturing & business
enterprises to fill the gap of lack of FDI investment. One of
these steps could spur growth, which, in turn could generate
employment, leading to putting disposable income in the
B. S. Kampani, Editor, Ink News
EDITORIAL
Jan-Mar | 20204 | InkNews
Are we prepared? Situations, scenarios and positions in
today’s world change faster than we can process to make
sense of them and respond appropriately. Disorganization,
confusion has crept forcefully into our worlds and captured
our imaginations, rendering us haphazard sense of living.
Sudden emergence of Coronavirus in China shook the
world; reminding us, how fragile is life and economy. Its
advancing impact across 100+ countries is likely to leave
more people bankrupt than dead. The virus could affect up
to 42 percent of China’s economy, according to Standard
Chartered. Reverberations of which are being felt across the
world; leading to erosion of billions. Preventive measures
like travel limits, partial quarantine, interrupted supply
chain, company shut downs, etc. could have far-reaching
implications on global economy, which is estimated to grow
only 2.4 percent this year, the lowest since 2009. “The
dependence of countries on each other and overall wellbeing
of world in the global village is abundantly clear”.
Enough estimates have been floated and debated about
India’s economic growth and status. Absence of absolute
credible numbers has lead to confusion and caution among
business community and (local and global) investors. Lack
of clarity of our exact economic situation is frustrating. Even
more so, having well publicized our ambitious and delightful
plans to become $5 trillion Economy in the next 5 years,
from current $2.7 trillion.
The hard fact is that our GDP has got to sustain growth
at 9% consistently for the next 5-6 years to be able to reach
our goal to become World’s third largest economy at $5
trillion by 2025. We are talking about doubling our economy
for heaven sake! Not sure how popular guesstimate of
current GDP 5-5+% can lead us to our goal without well
defined direction and supporting, time-bound result oriented
corrective measures.
Exports must double up and reach $1trillion to give
required push towards our goal. Among many other factors,
unemployment being at a 45-year high of 6.1 % and decline
on FDI (which is very crucial for Exports), exports have
shrunk to 6.5%. India’s trade balance deficit is large relative
to both the overall world imbalances and its GDP.
Countries like China (world’s factory –top nation with
highest manufacturing output in the world with over with over
$2.01 trillion in output) & Singapore (non-manufacturing
country) have grown through exports and inflow of funds into
their country. At the end of the day, its all about Aap kitna
Dhan Ghar me leke aate ho (How much wealth do you
as an Indian, bring back to your country?).
Measures by Govt. and policymakers, which focus on
encouraging inflow of overseas foreign wealth in to the
country for business, which has been plundered through
consumption & greed are much needed. Sadly, India is not
on radar of companies considering to move out China due to
US-China trade war to shift base here. Logistical bottlenecks,
the turnaround time, corruption, lax quality control, non-tariff
barriers and administrative hurdles (like time-consuming
custom clearances, timely certification) are some of the
road blocks, which will have to be ironed out to promote
exports. Powers be will have to address and smoothen the
bumpy ride to double up exports. Internal consumption only,
will certainly not be enough to drive the growth because of
limitation of availability of disposable income in the hands of
aam janta across age groups.
The economists of the country advising the Govt. will
have to come out with balanced formula where the bank
rate interest are decreased for manufacturing & business
enterprises to fill the gap of lack of FDI investment. One of
these steps could spur growth, which, in turn could generate
employment, leading to putting disposable income in the
B. S. Kampani, Editor, Ink News
EDITORIAL
Jan-Mar | 20204 | InkNews
hands aam janta.
Perhaps, we will also have to look at Indians above
40 and Sr. citizens which are now a substantial part of
population & who have responsibility of growing needs of
their family in terms of education, infrastructure, etc. Sr.
citizen deserve to survive respectable existence, which
takes care of their healthcare, food, house to live in without
worrying & apprehensive exit from mother earth. Poor
interest rates on savings, FDs, pensions, etc. are cause of
anxiety and uncertainty among most senior citizens in the
OR unbeatable inflation scenario. So our govt. would have
to look at improving returns on FD & pension rates of 5.5 &
6% respectively against inflation of 7%-9%.
How can the country achieve its targets if available
disposable income at the hands of aam janta is not even at
the break-even level of spending & saving?
Anyway, entry into $5 trillion economy will not graduate
India from developing economy to developed country until
GDP per capita increases 6 times. Some studies suggests
that it may take us around 22 years to enter into category of
developed nations… Long way to go my friends! And Govt.
and powers be only, can help us make this journey less
bumpy and a fun ride.
In short, our self-perceptions to others from within &
outside the country cannot remain hypocrisy’s domain
forever. Gen Z would perhaps selectively refuse to accept
them - that is the changing India we all are expecting.
High time we convert our wishful, ambitious thinking to
positive actions for healthy future of current and succeeding
generations.
Well, we have a few examples in our very own industry
of star professionals who have walked the talk. Mr. Pranav
Parikh, Chairman & MD of Technova Imaging Systems &
owner of erstwhile Printwell was recently conferred with
lifetime achievement award by Mumbai Mudrak Sangh
delivered through the hands of Maharashtra Governor, Mr.
Bhagat Singh Koshyari. Congratulations, Mr. Parikh!
As the year progresses, my friends, the inflationary and
supply of basic raw material interruption are expected in the
printing inks & coatings, pharma Industries. Be prepared to
fasten your seat belt and make yourself ready for disturbance
that we might have to deal with without injuring ourselves.
How do businesses grow and thrive in a VUCA world? As
part of our growing efforts to bring in wealth of knowledge
and practical experience, AIPIMA has initiated series of
conferences on “Global & Local developments affecting
Indian Printing Inks Industry”. Proposed Interactive and
Informative conference shall be held across different cities
/ clusters across India on practical, functional, and futuristic
aspects impacting our companies (of all sizes) and Industry
at large.
Pick up next issue of InkNews to get more details on
upcoming Asia Coat +Ink show 2021.
Looking forward to the challenges, excitement,
opportunities to sail us through the VUCA world—volatile,
uncertain, complex, and ambiguous.
B. S. Kampani
Editor InkNews
Jan-Mar | 20206 | InkNews
aging and associated industries world over are up to. Catch
the glimpses of the world’s leading trade fair, Interpack 2014.
See what the packaging and associated industry profession-
als are up to for it boasts of 2,700 exhibitors from more than
60 countries – a great opportunity to soak in latest ideas, in-
novate concepts and technological visions, connect, get in-
spired, and explore. At Interpack 2014, HP, Tau, KBA show-
cased new features to its presses, introduced new printheads
and inks; Seigwerk, Sun Chemicals showcased new green
initiative, etc.
While you soak in all this, don’t forget to prepare and par-
ticipate in upcoming Asia Coat+ Ink show- 2015 and also at-
tend International Seminar on Global Trends & Technology
in Printing Inks and Coatings, scheduled in Feb/ March 2015.
Amchi Mumbai shall be the proud host. We at, AIPIMA are
determined to make it big & better this year. This of course
shall be possible ONLY with your whole-hearted support and
participation.
Yours ever the optimistic friend, colleague, and the Editor
of Ink News.
Regards,
B S Kampani
Editor Ink News
6 InkNews www.aipima.org
Editorial
EDITORIAL
hands aam janta.
Perhaps, we will also have to look at Indians above
40 and Sr. citizens which are now a substantial part of
population & who have responsibility of growing needs of
their family in terms of education, infrastructure, etc. Sr.
citizen deserve to survive respectable existence, which
takes care of their healthcare, food, house to live in without
worrying & apprehensive exit from mother earth. Poor
interest rates on savings, FDs, pensions, etc. are cause of
anxiety and uncertainty among most senior citizens in the
OR unbeatable inflation scenario. So our govt. would have
to look at improving returns on FD & pension rates of 5.5 &
6% respectively against inflation of 7%-9%.
How can the country achieve its targets if available
disposable income at the hands of aam janta is not even at
the break-even level of spending & saving?
Anyway, entry into $5 trillion economy will not graduate
India from developing economy to developed country until
GDP per capita increases 6 times. Some studies suggests
that it may take us around 22 years to enter into category of
developed nations… Long way to go my friends! And Govt.
and powers be only, can help us make this journey less
bumpy and a fun ride.
In short, our self-perceptions to others from within &
outside the country cannot remain hypocrisy’s domain
forever. Gen Z would perhaps selectively refuse to accept
them - that is the changing India we all are expecting.
High time we convert our wishful, ambitious thinking to
positive actions for healthy future of current and succeeding
generations.
Well, we have a few examples in our very own industry
of star professionals who have walked the talk. Mr. Pranav
Parikh, Chairman & MD of Technova Imaging Systems &
owner of erstwhile Printwell was recently conferred with
lifetime achievement award by Mumbai Mudrak Sangh
delivered through the hands of Maharashtra Governor, Mr.
Bhagat Singh Koshyari. Congratulations, Mr. Parikh!
As the year progresses, my friends, the inflationary and
supply of basic raw material interruption are expected in the
printing inks & coatings, pharma Industries. Be prepared to
fasten your seat belt and make yourself ready for disturbance
that we might have to deal with without injuring ourselves.
How do businesses grow and thrive in a VUCA world? As
part of our growing efforts to bring in wealth of knowledge
and practical experience, AIPIMA has initiated series of
conferences on “Global & Local developments affecting
Indian Printing Inks Industry”. Proposed Interactive and
Informative conference shall be held across different cities
/ clusters across India on practical, functional, and futuristic
aspects impacting our companies (of all sizes) and Industry
at large.
Pick up next issue of InkNews to get more details on
upcoming Asia Coat +Ink show 2021.
Looking forward to the challenges, excitement,
opportunities to sail us through the VUCA world—volatile,
uncertain, complex, and ambiguous.
B. S. Kampani
Editor InkNews
Jan-Mar | 20206 | InkNews
aging and associated industries world over are up to. Catch
the glimpses of the world’s leading trade fair, Interpack 2014.
See what the packaging and associated industry profession-
als are up to for it boasts of 2,700 exhibitors from more than
60 countries – a great opportunity to soak in latest ideas, in-
novate concepts and technological visions, connect, get in-
spired, and explore. At Interpack 2014, HP, Tau, KBA show-
cased new features to its presses, introduced new printheads
and inks; Seigwerk, Sun Chemicals showcased new green
initiative, etc.
While you soak in all this, don’t forget to prepare and par-
ticipate in upcoming Asia Coat+ Ink show- 2015 and also at-
tend International Seminar on Global Trends & Technology
in Printing Inks and Coatings, scheduled in Feb/ March 2015.
Amchi Mumbai shall be the proud host. We at, AIPIMA are
determined to make it big & better this year. This of course
shall be possible ONLY with your whole-hearted support and
participation.
Yours ever the optimistic friend, colleague, and the Editor
of Ink News.
Regards,
B S Kampani
Editor Ink News
6 InkNews www.aipima.org
Editorial
EDITORIAL
PRESIDENT SPEAKS
Dear Members,
Friends we are now
having the 2nd issue of the
new team with, creative
and diversified ideas and
efforts to strengthen the
association’s cause in
letter and spirit. The
recently conducted EGM
and the one at Nagpur saw
active participation of
members and urge for simplifying and solving our targeted ideas and
mission. The dual concept of work and leisure was very supportive to
the cause and everybody enjoyed at Nagpur and planning more such
events in future.
The efforts of BIS meeting and further meeting planned for turning
light on NTNK inks with the help of experienced members will be a
good beginning in solving such crucial problems with Govt. also.
The letter from the finance minister at the query sought through
the minister Shri. Nitin Gadkari on GST credit is an example of our
sustained efforts towards easing our day to day problems on GST.
Dr.Ravi managed successfully with result.
On budget: 2020-2021 we have brought out review by an expert
Mr. Aziz of Anand Rathi and it gives clean picture on it. The budget has
not given any good news to industry with exception on MSME. We
have to work with the given situation and prove our self-best.
We are now all set for the ensuing Asia ink and coat Show 2021
and planning for it I request all members to involve at your best in
making this show grand and no less than any other popular exhibition
taking place in India and on international level. Please bring maximum
exhibitors, advertisements, sponsors and at the top of it the visitors for
the show. I am sure with the new team spirit, it will successfully go
through. Also make new members and bring in more advertisers in our
prestigious magazine INKNEWS
One most important aspect I would like to bring to notice of all that
we have to upgrade our status /prestige as a supplier with our printer
fraternity which is very low at the moment and has to be seriously
thought. We will be working on this also in next meetings along with
credit issues.
Wising all the best to everyone.
D.N. Patil
President, AIPIMA
Jan-Mar | 20208 | InkNews
1104/1105,
ISO 9001:2015 CertifiedISO 14001: 2015 Certified
CRISIL RATED COMPANY
One of world’s leading manufacturer of Acrylates and Methacrylates
Miwon Specialty Chemical Co. Ltd.
Product List
www.miramer.com • [email protected]
Monomer• Acrylates• Methacrylates
Oligomer• Urethane acrylates• Epoxy acrylates• Polyester acrylates• High Reflective acrylates• Silicone acrylates• Water-soluble acrylates• Water-borne acrylates• Dendritic acrylates• Adhesion promoter
Other Specialties• Amine synergists• Sucrose Benzoate• Epoxy Diluents• Benzoin
PRESIDENT SPEAKS
Dear Members,
Friends we are now
having the 2nd issue of the
new team with, creative
and diversified ideas and
efforts to strengthen the
association’s cause in
letter and spirit. The
recently conducted EGM
and the one at Nagpur saw
active participation of
members and urge for simplifying and solving our targeted ideas and
mission. The dual concept of work and leisure was very supportive to
the cause and everybody enjoyed at Nagpur and planning more such
events in future.
The efforts of BIS meeting and further meeting planned for turning
light on NTNK inks with the help of experienced members will be a
good beginning in solving such crucial problems with Govt. also.
The letter from the finance minister at the query sought through
the minister Shri. Nitin Gadkari on GST credit is an example of our
sustained efforts towards easing our day to day problems on GST.
Dr.Ravi managed successfully with result.
On budget: 2020-2021 we have brought out review by an expert
Mr. Aziz of Anand Rathi and it gives clean picture on it. The budget has
not given any good news to industry with exception on MSME. We
have to work with the given situation and prove our self-best.
We are now all set for the ensuing Asia ink and coat Show 2021
and planning for it I request all members to involve at your best in
making this show grand and no less than any other popular exhibition
taking place in India and on international level. Please bring maximum
exhibitors, advertisements, sponsors and at the top of it the visitors for
the show. I am sure with the new team spirit, it will successfully go
through. Also make new members and bring in more advertisers in our
prestigious magazine INKNEWS
One most important aspect I would like to bring to notice of all that
we have to upgrade our status /prestige as a supplier with our printer
fraternity which is very low at the moment and has to be seriously
thought. We will be working on this also in next meetings along with
credit issues.
Wising all the best to everyone.
D.N. Patil
President, AIPIMA
Jan-Mar | 20208 | InkNews
1104/1105,
ISO 9001:2015 CertifiedISO 14001: 2015 Certified
CRISIL RATED COMPANY
SAFE PRINTING INKS FOR FOOD PACKAGING: AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO FOOD SAFETYIntroduction
Printed food packaging is a vital
process in the food industry. It provides
legal information to the final consumer and
also an important tool for the presentation
and advertisement of foodstuffs. The legal
information about the foodstuffs include:
weight, composition, nutritional facts,
vendor details and presence of allergens.
Furthermore, printing also serves the
purpose of decoration and protection of
packed food materials 1
Properties of Food Packaging Printing Inks
A vast number of factors determine the
characteristics and properties of printing
inks and coatings (Table 1). The critical
factors of importance are ink’s printability,
its visual characteristics and properties of
the substrate to be used. Due to the varied
nature of applications of these inks a large
number of formulae are developed which
utilize very different raw materials. 2
Composition of food packaging printing
PACKAGING
By BS Kampani, Editor, Inknews
Requirement type Comments
Ink Production 1 Dispersion of the pigments used for ink production should be as fine as possible to meet the require-ments related to colour and gloss.The quality of the dispersion process depends on the components used.
Printability 1 To meet the requirements of increasing press speed, use of new substrates, etc. a constant improve-ment of the ink formulations is needed.
Substrate 1 Customisation of inks is required for their best performance for each substrate they are printed on.
Finishing1 Coating, foil embossing, laminating, gluing are finishing processes and each has different require-ments.
Packaging 1 The type of packaging processes employed, e.g. heat sealing, speed of packaging machines, neces-sary slip, packing at low temperatures, etc. influence the choice of ink used.
Storage of goods 1 Temperature and humidity affect the storage of goods.
Package contents 1 The choice of ink and its subsequent formulations is dependent on the characteristics and properties of the food.
Recovery of packaging 1 For potential influence in the recovered materials, inks are to be considered in the recovery process-es.
Table 1 Multitude of different requirements for food packaging printing inks 1
Jan-Mar | 202010 | InkNews
RAVEN® 760 ULTRA®
RAVEN® 1035RAVEN® 1060 ULTRA®
RAVEN® 1080 ULTRA®
A complete range of carbon blacks specifically designed for use in UV, packaging & other specialty inks.
To learn more about our Inks solutions, visit us at birlacarbon.com/inks
SAFE PRINTING INKS FOR FOOD PACKAGING: AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH TO FOOD SAFETYIntroduction
Printed food packaging is a vital
process in the food industry. It provides
legal information to the final consumer and
also an important tool for the presentation
and advertisement of foodstuffs. The legal
information about the foodstuffs include:
weight, composition, nutritional facts,
vendor details and presence of allergens.
Furthermore, printing also serves the
purpose of decoration and protection of
packed food materials 1
Properties of Food Packaging Printing Inks
A vast number of factors determine the
characteristics and properties of printing
inks and coatings (Table 1). The critical
factors of importance are ink’s printability,
its visual characteristics and properties of
the substrate to be used. Due to the varied
nature of applications of these inks a large
number of formulae are developed which
utilize very different raw materials. 2
Composition of food packaging printing
PACKAGING
By BS Kampani, Editor, Inknews
Requirement type Comments
Ink Production 1 Dispersion of the pigments used for ink production should be as fine as possible to meet the require-ments related to colour and gloss.The quality of the dispersion process depends on the components used.
Printability 1 To meet the requirements of increasing press speed, use of new substrates, etc. a constant improve-ment of the ink formulations is needed.
Substrate 1 Customisation of inks is required for their best performance for each substrate they are printed on.
Finishing1 Coating, foil embossing, laminating, gluing are finishing processes and each has different require-ments.
Packaging 1 The type of packaging processes employed, e.g. heat sealing, speed of packaging machines, neces-sary slip, packing at low temperatures, etc. influence the choice of ink used.
Storage of goods 1 Temperature and humidity affect the storage of goods.
Package contents 1 The choice of ink and its subsequent formulations is dependent on the characteristics and properties of the food.
Recovery of packaging 1 For potential influence in the recovered materials, inks are to be considered in the recovery process-es.
Table 1 Multitude of different requirements for food packaging printing inks 1
Jan-Mar | 202010 | InkNews
inksThe composition of printing inks is
general ly based on their generic
components, regardless of the type of the
printing process. Nevertheless, the printing
process and the substrate can significantly
alter the type and composition of these
generic components. 1
The main ingredients of printing inks
are:
1. Colourants: insoluble organic and
inorganic pigments, soluble dyes 1
• Some commonly used colourants in
printing inks1
• Coloured organic pigments:
Classification according to colour
index, e.g. PY13, PR57:1; PB15:3;
PG7, PB61, PV23
• White pigments: Titanium dioxide
• Black pigments: Carbon black
• Metallic effect pigments: Powdered
aluminium or brass
PACKAGING
Type of Ink Formulation Solvent Vehicles
Traditional off-set inks 3, 4 Paste Fatty acid esters(typically for food packaging) 1, 3, 4
Modified natural resins 1, 4
Solvent-based inks3, 4 Liquid Ethanol/ethyl acetate, ethoxypro-panol 3, 4
Synthetic resins, modified natural resins, nitrocellulose 1,4
Water-based inks 3, 4 Liquid Aqueous polymer dispersions and solutions 3, 4
Ultraviolet (UV)-curing inks and lacquers 3, 4
Paste or liquid No solvents; consist of reactive polymers, oligomers and monomers 3, 4
Table 2 Composition of different type of inks
Table 3: The maximum permissible limit for heavy metal-based pigments and dyes 5
* Restriction of limits of sum of concentration of Pb, Cd, Hg and Cr (VI) (all together) shall not
exceed 100 ppm
• Fillers: Kaolin, chalk
2. VehicleThese are the transport mediums which aid
in carrying pigments through the press and
binding them to the substrate. Vehicles
comprise binders (polymers/resins) and
different solvents (Table 2) 1
3. AdditivesA number of chemical additives are added
to the printing inks to achieve different
technical effects during the production
process and/or in the final material. Some
of these additives include: catalysts,
antioxidants, adhesion promoters, amine
stabilizers, antifoam agents, antimists,
antistatics, biocides, chelating agents,
dispersing agents, siccatives for optimized
drying, flow agents, gallants, ink stabilizers,
optical brighteners, photoinitiators, waxes,
slip agent, suspension agent, thickener, UV
stabilizers and wetting agent (Table 3). 3
Materials and substances excluded from printing ink formulations- Recommendations from Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2019) 5
According to recent regulations of the
following substances should be excluded
from food packaging printing inks:
1. Pigments and compounds based on
antimony (Sb)*, arsenic (As), cadmium
(Cd), chromium (Cr) (VI), lead (Pb) **,
mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se). 5
2. Dye colourants 5• Auramine (Basic Yellow 2 — Cl 41000)
• Chrysoidine (Basic Orange 2 — CI
11270)
• Cresylene Brown (Basic Brown 4 — CI
21010)
• Fuschine (Basic Violet 14 — CI 42510)
• Induline (Solvent Blue 7 — CI 50400)
• Azo dyes which can decompose in the
body to bioavailable aromatic amines
that are classified as category 1 or 2
carcinogens.
3. Prohibition of Toluene in ‘Solvents’ category. 5
4. Prohibit ion of Phthalates (Di-n-
butylphthalate, Di-isononyl phthalate) in
‘Plasticizers’ category. 5
5. Restriction of the limit of the sum of
concentration levels of Pb, Cd, Hg and
Cr (VI) shall not exceed 100 ppm.
Moreover, the individual prescribed
limits should not exceed in case of
pigment and dye based on heavy metal
(Table 3). 5
Different types of food packaging inks and their advantages
1. Sheet-fed Offset Inks
Commercial lithography presses use sheet-
Metal Maximum Requirement (ppm)
As 25
Ba 1000
Cd 75*
Cr (VI) 60*
Hg 60*
Pb 90*
Sb 60
Jan-Mar | 202012 | InkNews
ABIGAIL ENTERPRISES PVT LTDTOTAL MIXING SOLUTIONS PROVIDER GLOBALLY
OFFICE / WORKS : PLOT NO. C--//,-/-/, MIDC TARAPUR, DIST. PALGHAR, BOISAR - /- / , MAHARASHTRA, INDIATEL : / -- -, -/- , / /--- - [email protected], www.abigailenterprises.com
inksThe composition of printing inks is
general ly based on their generic
components, regardless of the type of the
printing process. Nevertheless, the printing
process and the substrate can significantly
alter the type and composition of these
generic components. 1
The main ingredients of printing inks
are:
1. Colourants: insoluble organic and
inorganic pigments, soluble dyes 1
• Some commonly used colourants in
printing inks1
• Coloured organic pigments:
Classification according to colour
index, e.g. PY13, PR57:1; PB15:3;
PG7, PB61, PV23
• White pigments: Titanium dioxide
• Black pigments: Carbon black
• Metallic effect pigments: Powdered
aluminium or brass
PACKAGING
Type of Ink Formulation Solvent Vehicles
Traditional off-set inks 3, 4 Paste Fatty acid esters(typically for food packaging) 1, 3, 4
Modified natural resins 1, 4
Solvent-based inks3, 4 Liquid Ethanol/ethyl acetate, ethoxypro-panol 3, 4
Synthetic resins, modified natural resins, nitrocellulose 1,4
Water-based inks 3, 4 Liquid Aqueous polymer dispersions and solutions 3, 4
Ultraviolet (UV)-curing inks and lacquers 3, 4
Paste or liquid No solvents; consist of reactive polymers, oligomers and monomers 3, 4
Table 2 Composition of different type of inks
Table 3: The maximum permissible limit for heavy metal-based pigments and dyes 5
* Restriction of limits of sum of concentration of Pb, Cd, Hg and Cr (VI) (all together) shall not
exceed 100 ppm
• Fillers: Kaolin, chalk
2. VehicleThese are the transport mediums which aid
in carrying pigments through the press and
binding them to the substrate. Vehicles
comprise binders (polymers/resins) and
different solvents (Table 2) 1
3. AdditivesA number of chemical additives are added
to the printing inks to achieve different
technical effects during the production
process and/or in the final material. Some
of these additives include: catalysts,
antioxidants, adhesion promoters, amine
stabilizers, antifoam agents, antimists,
antistatics, biocides, chelating agents,
dispersing agents, siccatives for optimized
drying, flow agents, gallants, ink stabilizers,
optical brighteners, photoinitiators, waxes,
slip agent, suspension agent, thickener, UV
stabilizers and wetting agent (Table 3). 3
Materials and substances excluded from printing ink formulations- Recommendations from Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) (2019) 5
According to recent regulations of the
following substances should be excluded
from food packaging printing inks:
1. Pigments and compounds based on
antimony (Sb)*, arsenic (As), cadmium
(Cd), chromium (Cr) (VI), lead (Pb) **,
mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se). 5
2. Dye colourants 5• Auramine (Basic Yellow 2 — Cl 41000)
• Chrysoidine (Basic Orange 2 — CI
11270)
• Cresylene Brown (Basic Brown 4 — CI
21010)
• Fuschine (Basic Violet 14 — CI 42510)
• Induline (Solvent Blue 7 — CI 50400)
• Azo dyes which can decompose in the
body to bioavailable aromatic amines
that are classified as category 1 or 2
carcinogens.
3. Prohibition of Toluene in ‘Solvents’ category. 5
4. Prohibit ion of Phthalates (Di-n-
butylphthalate, Di-isononyl phthalate) in
‘Plasticizers’ category. 5
5. Restriction of the limit of the sum of
concentration levels of Pb, Cd, Hg and
Cr (VI) shall not exceed 100 ppm.
Moreover, the individual prescribed
limits should not exceed in case of
pigment and dye based on heavy metal
(Table 3). 5
Different types of food packaging inks and their advantages
1. Sheet-fed Offset Inks
Commercial lithography presses use sheet-
Metal Maximum Requirement (ppm)
As 25
Ba 1000
Cd 75*
Cr (VI) 60*
Hg 60*
Pb 90*
Sb 60
Jan-Mar | 202012 | InkNews
PACKAGING
fed offset inks for printing, such as,
advertising brochures, business papers
and packaging, on individual sheets rather
than long rolls. These types of inks are
based on phenolic or maleic acid-modified
rosin ester and alkyd resins in vegetable
drying oils (linseed, soya, tung) which are
diluted with mineraI oil. Drying processes
for these inks include quick-setting, i.e. by
absorption and oxidation. 4
However, sheet-fed offset printing inks for
food packaging must be formulated in
compliance with the EuPIA Guideline 6,
which recommends that inks should be
formulated only using food contact
approved substances or using substances
that do not migrate. These include the
solvents used in low-migration sheet-fed
offset inks such as fatty acid esters which
have low or no detectable level of migration
as evaluated by the European Food Safety
Authority (EFSA) with respect to contact
with foodstuffs. Mineral oils are not
purposely used for sheet-fed offset inks for
food packaging. But, contamination might
occur and the level of mineral oils,
part icular ly Mineral Oi l Aromat ic
Hydrocarbons (MOAH) (aromatic fraction)
and Mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons
(MOSH) (saturated fraction) of lower
molecular weight (<C24) in the final
packaging solutions require monitoring. 1
Desirable properties of offset food packaging inksOffset inks should form a film of ink which is
organoleptically neutral to maintain
organoleptic characteristics of the package
contents. This can be achieved by:
• Using rosin-based resins 1
• Avoiding hydrocarbon resins (with their
characteristic odour) 1
• Using minimum quantities of vegetable
oils (with few double bonds) 1
For the purpose of for food packaging, low-
odour and low-migration inks should be
Key Recommendations from European Printing Ink Association (EuPIA) for the use of sheet-fed offset printing inks/varnishes 6
1. The following four categories of sheet-fed offset printing inks/varnishes are suitable for the manufacture of food packaging without
effective barrier 6
• Low-odour and low-migration sheet-fed offset ink, mineral oil free 6
• Low-odour and low-migration oil-based varnish, mineral oil free 6
• Low-odour and low-migration UV printing ink or UV lacquer, mineral oil free 6
• Low-odour and low-migration water-based coating, mineral oil free 6
2. Oxidative drying process is not recommended for the manufacture of food packaging without effective barrier. 6
3. Conventional sheet-fed offset ink (mineral oil free), standard UV printing ink/lacquer (mineral oil free) are not recommended for the
manufacture of food packaging without effective barrier. 6
used which dry mainly by setting
processes. It is essential to apply a suitable
overprint varnish to the packages for
protection purposes. 1
2. Solvent-based inks A more modern method of printing is the
flexographic technique. Flexographic
printing has wide spectrum of applications
including food packaging based on plastic,
paper, board and metal. Flexographic inks
are solvent based systems (as e.g. ethyl
acetate and alcohol) with lower viscosity
compared to offset inks.3
The vehicle generally used for inks and
coatings in solvent based systems is
nitrocellulose (NC).It is most widely used
vehicle and soluble in organic solvents
such as acetone, alcohols, ethyl acetate
and ketones. A majority of flexographic and
gravure packaging inks conta in
nitrocellulose. The maleic resins and other
synthetic resins (polyvinyl butyral (PVB),
polyamide (PA) and polyurethane) are also
used based on the anticipated use of the
packaging and the substrate. The most
important factors for resins and solvents
are solvent release, compatibility and
drying. In solvent-based systems, the
resins are dissolved in the solvent. After the
evaporation of the solvent, a homogeneous
film of resin with pigment particles
dispersed in it remains on the surface
resulting in a mechanically stable print. 1
The main end-use application for
flexible packaging is food packaging. A
number of different types of resins are used
for printing inks on flexible packaging such
as styrene acrylics, polyurethanes,
polyamides, nitrocellulose, etc. However,
snack foods, pre-cooked meals, meat,
cheese and poultry demand multi-laminate
packaging structures. This is usually
achieved by reverse printing on the outer
layer of packaging and laminating to an
internal layer. This brings polyurethane
resin-based ink systems at the forefront to
overcome the unique requirements and
challenges of such laminated packaging.7
Polyurethane resin-based ink systems (PURs): An upcoming advancement for laminated food packaging As a strong growth is observed in food
categories requiring laminated packages,
PURs seem to be beneficial options to
disperse pigments more efficiently, print
better with less complexity and more cost-
effective. In the case of thermally-
processed food packaging (retort
packaging from a laminate of flexible plastic
and metal foils), there is a need for high
bond strengths under chal lenging
conditions. The addition of nitrocellulose is
not recommended due to the formation of
nitrosamines caused by the exposure of it
in the packaging to high temperatures.
Jan-Mar | 202014 | InkNews
PACKAGING
fed offset inks for printing, such as,
advertising brochures, business papers
and packaging, on individual sheets rather
than long rolls. These types of inks are
based on phenolic or maleic acid-modified
rosin ester and alkyd resins in vegetable
drying oils (linseed, soya, tung) which are
diluted with mineraI oil. Drying processes
for these inks include quick-setting, i.e. by
absorption and oxidation. 4
However, sheet-fed offset printing inks for
food packaging must be formulated in
compliance with the EuPIA Guideline 6,
which recommends that inks should be
formulated only using food contact
approved substances or using substances
that do not migrate. These include the
solvents used in low-migration sheet-fed
offset inks such as fatty acid esters which
have low or no detectable level of migration
as evaluated by the European Food Safety
Authority (EFSA) with respect to contact
with foodstuffs. Mineral oils are not
purposely used for sheet-fed offset inks for
food packaging. But, contamination might
occur and the level of mineral oils,
part icular ly Mineral Oi l Aromat ic
Hydrocarbons (MOAH) (aromatic fraction)
and Mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons
(MOSH) (saturated fraction) of lower
molecular weight (<C24) in the final
packaging solutions require monitoring. 1
Desirable properties of offset food packaging inksOffset inks should form a film of ink which is
organoleptically neutral to maintain
organoleptic characteristics of the package
contents. This can be achieved by:
• Using rosin-based resins 1
• Avoiding hydrocarbon resins (with their
characteristic odour) 1
• Using minimum quantities of vegetable
oils (with few double bonds) 1
For the purpose of for food packaging, low-
odour and low-migration inks should be
Key Recommendations from European Printing Ink Association (EuPIA) for the use of sheet-fed offset printing inks/varnishes 6
1. The following four categories of sheet-fed offset printing inks/varnishes are suitable for the manufacture of food packaging without
effective barrier 6
• Low-odour and low-migration sheet-fed offset ink, mineral oil free 6
• Low-odour and low-migration oil-based varnish, mineral oil free 6
• Low-odour and low-migration UV printing ink or UV lacquer, mineral oil free 6
• Low-odour and low-migration water-based coating, mineral oil free 6
2. Oxidative drying process is not recommended for the manufacture of food packaging without effective barrier. 6
3. Conventional sheet-fed offset ink (mineral oil free), standard UV printing ink/lacquer (mineral oil free) are not recommended for the
manufacture of food packaging without effective barrier. 6
used which dry mainly by setting
processes. It is essential to apply a suitable
overprint varnish to the packages for
protection purposes. 1
2. Solvent-based inks A more modern method of printing is the
flexographic technique. Flexographic
printing has wide spectrum of applications
including food packaging based on plastic,
paper, board and metal. Flexographic inks
are solvent based systems (as e.g. ethyl
acetate and alcohol) with lower viscosity
compared to offset inks.3
The vehicle generally used for inks and
coatings in solvent based systems is
nitrocellulose (NC).It is most widely used
vehicle and soluble in organic solvents
such as acetone, alcohols, ethyl acetate
and ketones. A majority of flexographic and
gravure packaging inks conta in
nitrocellulose. The maleic resins and other
synthetic resins (polyvinyl butyral (PVB),
polyamide (PA) and polyurethane) are also
used based on the anticipated use of the
packaging and the substrate. The most
important factors for resins and solvents
are solvent release, compatibility and
drying. In solvent-based systems, the
resins are dissolved in the solvent. After the
evaporation of the solvent, a homogeneous
film of resin with pigment particles
dispersed in it remains on the surface
resulting in a mechanically stable print. 1
The main end-use application for
flexible packaging is food packaging. A
number of different types of resins are used
for printing inks on flexible packaging such
as styrene acrylics, polyurethanes,
polyamides, nitrocellulose, etc. However,
snack foods, pre-cooked meals, meat,
cheese and poultry demand multi-laminate
packaging structures. This is usually
achieved by reverse printing on the outer
layer of packaging and laminating to an
internal layer. This brings polyurethane
resin-based ink systems at the forefront to
overcome the unique requirements and
challenges of such laminated packaging.7
Polyurethane resin-based ink systems (PURs): An upcoming advancement for laminated food packaging As a strong growth is observed in food
categories requiring laminated packages,
PURs seem to be beneficial options to
disperse pigments more efficiently, print
better with less complexity and more cost-
effective. In the case of thermally-
processed food packaging (retort
packaging from a laminate of flexible plastic
and metal foils), there is a need for high
bond strengths under chal lenging
conditions. The addition of nitrocellulose is
not recommended due to the formation of
nitrosamines caused by the exposure of it
in the packaging to high temperatures.
Jan-Mar | 202014 | InkNews
PACKAGING
Despite of the packaging application, the
ability to achieve maximum opacity and
bond strengths is important in case of white
inks. The addition of other resins can lower
bond strengths and opacity. Therefore, a
PUR with the capability to grind the
inorganic pigment without addition of
another resin, such as nitrocellulose or
polyvinyl butyral would be best option as to
achieve both higher bond strengths and
higher opacity.7
3. Water based InksThough solvent-based inks are considered
as reasonable way in food packaging,
recently there has been an inclination in
using high-performance water based inks
that can reduce volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) emissions, and safer and more
environmentally friendly.8 But one of the
major limitation is the “drying speed” of
water. Water evaporates at a significantly
slower rate compared with solvents so a
large amount of energy is required for
drying a water-based print.1 Water requires
significantly more heat, energy and time to
be driven off non-absorbent substrates
together with its high surface energy. This
leads to wetting issues on untreated and
substrates with lower surface energy. 8
Because of this reason water-based inks
are best suited when the substrate
faci l i tates the sett ing mechanism
(absorption). Typically, water-soluble
resins are not used as the solitary binder in
water-based systems as the final prints
obtained are not water resistant. Water-
insoluble prints can be obtained by utilizing
polymers having acid groups to prepare
aqueous solutions and dispersions by using
a volatile neutralising agent (usually an
organic amine) to form an amine salt. This
neutralising agent evaporates during the
drying process and a water-insoluble print
is obtained. 1
The colloidal dispersions of fine
polymer particles stabilised in the liquid
phase (resin dispersions) can also be used.
Often the copolymers of acrylic acid and its
esters, with styrene and similar vinyl-
containing substances are used as binders
in water-based systems. These are
prepared by emulsion polymerisation.1
With the recent advancements in resin
chemistry water-based printing on non-
absorbent substrates has become a
feasible industrial solution. Contrary to the
tradit ional acryl ic dispersions, the
combination of rheology-controlled (RC)
acrylic emulsions with self-crosslinking
technology has been a major breakthrough
in water based packaging. The main
advantage of these RC emulsions is that
they provide an excellent resolubility and
printability due to the presence of alkali-
soluble, low-molecular-weight acrylic resins
(ASR). The mechanism includes formation
of a near-Newtonian rheology of the wet ink
during printing due to the presence of these
resins both at the surface of the polymer
particles and in the water phase. These
resins migrate and form a membrane-like
structure around the acrylic polymer
particles during ink drying process. This
leads to the distribution of acid groups
around the particles which eventually
improves resolubility.9
Though these acrylic self-crosslinking
emulsions are ideal for surface printing with
water- based inks, for reverse laminated
printing polyurethane dispersions (PUDs)
have proven ideal. PUDs are surfactant-
free due to their stabilization mechanism
which improves adhesion properties and
allows resolubility to be adjusted. 9
The most recent advancement is the
development of hybrid systems in the
water-based resin chemistry. These hybrid
systems are a combination of superior
elasticity and strength of PUDs and the high
printability and resolubility of acrylic
emulsions. The core-shell systems with
exceptional properties are formed when the
acrylic monomers polymerize in the
presence of a PUD “seed” polymers. 9
4. UV-curing inks and lacquersFlexographic and offset printing processes
utilize UV-curing systems. The mechanism
of action involves instantaneous formation
of a three-dimensional crosslinked stable
film after exposure with UV radiation on ink
or varnish. The reaction is initiated by
photo-initiators (catalysts) and the UV light
converts the photo-initiators into free
radicals, which immediately react with the
double bonds of the acrylate oligomers (UV
ink vehicle) and polymerise (Figure 1).1
These UV ink vehicle oligomers are
very viscous polymers containing reactive
acrylate groups. They are classified
according to the chemistry utilized in their
manufacture or polymer structure
(e.g.epoxy acrylates, polyester acrylates,
urethane acrylates). They are the backbone
of a UV ink and assure its important
properties such as resistance, adhesion,
and flexibility.1
Cationic UV-curing inksThe basic principle of polymerisation
involves use of cationic photo-initiators that
produce a cationic species to initiate an
acid-catalysed polymerisation. Some of the
common examples of cationic photo-
initiators are triarylsulphonium salts,
diaryliodonium salts and their derivatives.
The vehicle is usually a mixture of
di-epoxide compounds and vinyl ethers.1
The main benefits of these cationic UV
systems are better adhesion and lower
odour characteristics. Because there
occurs cationic polymerization so oxygen
inhibition is not applicable, and the cationic
cure can proceed without inhibition except
some chemical inhibitors are present in the
ink film. This promotes higher molecular
weight in the polymerization and excellent
product resistance. 10
Low-migration UV-curing systemsIt is possible to formulate low-migration UV
systems once sufficiently cured if great
caution is taken while selecting photo-
initiators, oligomers and monomers. The
following parameters should be considered
when developing inks for food packaging
materials:
• An appropriate selection of photo-
initiators with low migrating potential
(e.g. high molecular weight or specific
chemical structure) 1
• Use of highly reactive oligomers and
Jan-Mar | 202016 | InkNews
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PACKAGING
Despite of the packaging application, the
ability to achieve maximum opacity and
bond strengths is important in case of white
inks. The addition of other resins can lower
bond strengths and opacity. Therefore, a
PUR with the capability to grind the
inorganic pigment without addition of
another resin, such as nitrocellulose or
polyvinyl butyral would be best option as to
achieve both higher bond strengths and
higher opacity.7
3. Water based InksThough solvent-based inks are considered
as reasonable way in food packaging,
recently there has been an inclination in
using high-performance water based inks
that can reduce volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) emissions, and safer and more
environmentally friendly.8 But one of the
major limitation is the “drying speed” of
water. Water evaporates at a significantly
slower rate compared with solvents so a
large amount of energy is required for
drying a water-based print.1 Water requires
significantly more heat, energy and time to
be driven off non-absorbent substrates
together with its high surface energy. This
leads to wetting issues on untreated and
substrates with lower surface energy. 8
Because of this reason water-based inks
are best suited when the substrate
faci l i tates the sett ing mechanism
(absorption). Typically, water-soluble
resins are not used as the solitary binder in
water-based systems as the final prints
obtained are not water resistant. Water-
insoluble prints can be obtained by utilizing
polymers having acid groups to prepare
aqueous solutions and dispersions by using
a volatile neutralising agent (usually an
organic amine) to form an amine salt. This
neutralising agent evaporates during the
drying process and a water-insoluble print
is obtained. 1
The colloidal dispersions of fine
polymer particles stabilised in the liquid
phase (resin dispersions) can also be used.
Often the copolymers of acrylic acid and its
esters, with styrene and similar vinyl-
containing substances are used as binders
in water-based systems. These are
prepared by emulsion polymerisation.1
With the recent advancements in resin
chemistry water-based printing on non-
absorbent substrates has become a
feasible industrial solution. Contrary to the
tradit ional acryl ic dispersions, the
combination of rheology-controlled (RC)
acrylic emulsions with self-crosslinking
technology has been a major breakthrough
in water based packaging. The main
advantage of these RC emulsions is that
they provide an excellent resolubility and
printability due to the presence of alkali-
soluble, low-molecular-weight acrylic resins
(ASR). The mechanism includes formation
of a near-Newtonian rheology of the wet ink
during printing due to the presence of these
resins both at the surface of the polymer
particles and in the water phase. These
resins migrate and form a membrane-like
structure around the acrylic polymer
particles during ink drying process. This
leads to the distribution of acid groups
around the particles which eventually
improves resolubility.9
Though these acrylic self-crosslinking
emulsions are ideal for surface printing with
water- based inks, for reverse laminated
printing polyurethane dispersions (PUDs)
have proven ideal. PUDs are surfactant-
free due to their stabilization mechanism
which improves adhesion properties and
allows resolubility to be adjusted. 9
The most recent advancement is the
development of hybrid systems in the
water-based resin chemistry. These hybrid
systems are a combination of superior
elasticity and strength of PUDs and the high
printability and resolubility of acrylic
emulsions. The core-shell systems with
exceptional properties are formed when the
acrylic monomers polymerize in the
presence of a PUD “seed” polymers. 9
4. UV-curing inks and lacquersFlexographic and offset printing processes
utilize UV-curing systems. The mechanism
of action involves instantaneous formation
of a three-dimensional crosslinked stable
film after exposure with UV radiation on ink
or varnish. The reaction is initiated by
photo-initiators (catalysts) and the UV light
converts the photo-initiators into free
radicals, which immediately react with the
double bonds of the acrylate oligomers (UV
ink vehicle) and polymerise (Figure 1).1
These UV ink vehicle oligomers are
very viscous polymers containing reactive
acrylate groups. They are classified
according to the chemistry utilized in their
manufacture or polymer structure
(e.g.epoxy acrylates, polyester acrylates,
urethane acrylates). They are the backbone
of a UV ink and assure its important
properties such as resistance, adhesion,
and flexibility.1
Cationic UV-curing inksThe basic principle of polymerisation
involves use of cationic photo-initiators that
produce a cationic species to initiate an
acid-catalysed polymerisation. Some of the
common examples of cationic photo-
initiators are triarylsulphonium salts,
diaryliodonium salts and their derivatives.
The vehicle is usually a mixture of
di-epoxide compounds and vinyl ethers.1
The main benefits of these cationic UV
systems are better adhesion and lower
odour characteristics. Because there
occurs cationic polymerization so oxygen
inhibition is not applicable, and the cationic
cure can proceed without inhibition except
some chemical inhibitors are present in the
ink film. This promotes higher molecular
weight in the polymerization and excellent
product resistance. 10
Low-migration UV-curing systemsIt is possible to formulate low-migration UV
systems once sufficiently cured if great
caution is taken while selecting photo-
initiators, oligomers and monomers. The
following parameters should be considered
when developing inks for food packaging
materials:
• An appropriate selection of photo-
initiators with low migrating potential
(e.g. high molecular weight or specific
chemical structure) 1
• Use of highly reactive oligomers and
Jan-Mar | 202016 | InkNews
PACKAGING
diluents to make sure of complete
crosslinking of all available substances1
• Relevant selection of additives which
have low migration potential and which
are evaluated substances 1
• Formulation of inks should be in strict
compliance with good manufacturing
practice (GMP) 1
Conclusion A wide variety of ink and varnish
formulations are available to meet the
requirements of the printing processes,
substrate types and food packaging
specifications. For food packaging,
especially formulated low-migration inks
and overprint varnishes are available for
offset printing. Also, a number of solvent
based systems are avai lable for
f lexographic and gravure printing.
UV-curing systems are available with better
adhesion and low odour characteristics.
Contrary to the tradit ional acryl ic
dispersions, the combination of rheology-
controlled (RC) acrylic emulsions with self-
crosslinking technology has been a major
breakthrough in water based packaging.
In the recent times one of the biggest
trends in food packaging is safe packaging.
This emphasizes that the packaging
material should be manufactured in
compliance with GMPs to ensure food
safety. There is an inclination to prohibit
transference of ink constituents to food in
quantities which could endanger human
health, cause unacceptable change in the
composition of the food or deteriorate in the
organoleptic characteristics.
References1. Sutter J, Dudler V and Meuwly R.
Packaging Materials. Printing Inks for
Food Packaging- Composition and
Properties of Printing Inks. Chapter 8.
ILSI Europe Report Series. 2011; pp:
5.
2. Printing Inks for food packaging.
Available from URL: http://www.
hubergroup.net/pdf-files/inkformarion/
INKFORMATION_3_en_08 .pd f
(Accessed on December 19, 2019)
3. Pedersen GA, Carlson E, Ekroth S,
Kostamo P, Nordström ÅL, Olafsson G
etal. Food contact materials and
articles: Printing Inks. Check lists for
compliance in industry and trade and
control by food inspection. 2012; pp:
1-59. Available at the URL: http://
norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/
d iva2:702311/FULLTEXT01.pdf
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
4. Printing Processes and Printing Inks,
Carbon Black and Some Nitro
Compounds. IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to
Humans, No. 65. International Agency
for Research on Cancer.1996;
Available at the URL: https://www.ncbi.
n lm.n ih.gov/books/NBK424322/
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
5. Printing ink for food packaging —code
of practice. Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS). 2019; Available at the
URL: http://www.bis.gov.in (Accessed
on December 19, 2019).
6. EuPIA Customer Information Note
regarding the use of sheetfed offset
printing inks/varnishes (setting and/or
oxidative drying, or UV/EB curing) and
water-based coat ings for the
manufacture of food packaging made
from paper and board. 2015; Available
at the URL: https://www.eupia.org/
f i l e a d m i n / F i l e s A n d T r a d E x t x _
edm/2015 -10 -08_EuP IA_ in fo_
sheetfed_offset_inks_for_paper_
board_food_packaging.pdf (Accessed
on December 19, 2019).
7. Chavannavar S. The roles of ink resins
add both aesthetics and functional
benefits to flexible packaging.2018;
Available at the URL: https://insights.
b a s f . c o m / h o m e / a r t i c l e / r e a d /
polyurethane-ink-resins-technology-
for-the-future-of-flexible-packaging
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
8. Food packaging demands, water-
based inks, FDA c learance,
performance hurdles, and the signs of
a sustainable future.2017; Available at
the URL: https://insights.basf.com/
home/article/read/is-the-science-of-
foodsafe-inks-moving-fast-enough
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
9. Bek M, Hijlkema T and Morselli S.
Water-based inks for f lexible
packaging.2018; Available at the URL:
https://www.convertingmagazine.it/
w a t e r - b a s e d - i n k s - f o r - f l e x i b l e -
packaging/ (Accessed on December
19, 2019).
10. Podhajny RM. What Is Cationic UV
Technology? 2004; Available at the
URL: https://pffc-online.com/ar/2206-
p a p e r - c a t i o n i c - u v - t e c h n o l o g y
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
Jan-Mar | 202018 | InkNews
PACKAGING
diluents to make sure of complete
crosslinking of all available substances1
• Relevant selection of additives which
have low migration potential and which
are evaluated substances 1
• Formulation of inks should be in strict
compliance with good manufacturing
practice (GMP) 1
Conclusion A wide variety of ink and varnish
formulations are available to meet the
requirements of the printing processes,
substrate types and food packaging
specifications. For food packaging,
especially formulated low-migration inks
and overprint varnishes are available for
offset printing. Also, a number of solvent
based systems are avai lable for
f lexographic and gravure printing.
UV-curing systems are available with better
adhesion and low odour characteristics.
Contrary to the tradit ional acryl ic
dispersions, the combination of rheology-
controlled (RC) acrylic emulsions with self-
crosslinking technology has been a major
breakthrough in water based packaging.
In the recent times one of the biggest
trends in food packaging is safe packaging.
This emphasizes that the packaging
material should be manufactured in
compliance with GMPs to ensure food
safety. There is an inclination to prohibit
transference of ink constituents to food in
quantities which could endanger human
health, cause unacceptable change in the
composition of the food or deteriorate in the
organoleptic characteristics.
References1. Sutter J, Dudler V and Meuwly R.
Packaging Materials. Printing Inks for
Food Packaging- Composition and
Properties of Printing Inks. Chapter 8.
ILSI Europe Report Series. 2011; pp:
5.
2. Printing Inks for food packaging.
Available from URL: http://www.
hubergroup.net/pdf-files/inkformarion/
INKFORMATION_3_en_08 .pd f
(Accessed on December 19, 2019)
3. Pedersen GA, Carlson E, Ekroth S,
Kostamo P, Nordström ÅL, Olafsson G
etal. Food contact materials and
articles: Printing Inks. Check lists for
compliance in industry and trade and
control by food inspection. 2012; pp:
1-59. Available at the URL: http://
norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/
d iva2:702311/FULLTEXT01.pdf
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
4. Printing Processes and Printing Inks,
Carbon Black and Some Nitro
Compounds. IARC Monographs on the
Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to
Humans, No. 65. International Agency
for Research on Cancer.1996;
Available at the URL: https://www.ncbi.
n lm.n ih.gov/books/NBK424322/
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
5. Printing ink for food packaging —code
of practice. Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS). 2019; Available at the
URL: http://www.bis.gov.in (Accessed
on December 19, 2019).
6. EuPIA Customer Information Note
regarding the use of sheetfed offset
printing inks/varnishes (setting and/or
oxidative drying, or UV/EB curing) and
water-based coat ings for the
manufacture of food packaging made
from paper and board. 2015; Available
at the URL: https://www.eupia.org/
f i l e a d m i n / F i l e s A n d T r a d E x t x _
edm/2015 -10 -08_EuP IA _ in fo_
sheetfed_offset_inks_for_paper_
board_food_packaging.pdf (Accessed
on December 19, 2019).
7. Chavannavar S. The roles of ink resins
add both aesthetics and functional
benefits to flexible packaging.2018;
Available at the URL: https://insights.
b a s f . c o m / h o m e / a r t i c l e / r e a d /
polyurethane-ink-resins-technology-
for-the-future-of-flexible-packaging
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
8. Food packaging demands, water-
based inks, FDA c learance,
performance hurdles, and the signs of
a sustainable future.2017; Available at
the URL: https://insights.basf.com/
home/article/read/is-the-science-of-
foodsafe-inks-moving-fast-enough
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
9. Bek M, Hijlkema T and Morselli S.
Water-based inks for f lexible
packaging.2018; Available at the URL:
https://www.convertingmagazine.it/
w a t e r - b a s e d - i n k s - f o r - f l e x i b l e -
packaging/ (Accessed on December
19, 2019).
10. Podhajny RM. What Is Cationic UV
Technology? 2004; Available at the
URL: https://pffc-online.com/ar/2206-
p a p e r - c a t i o n i c - u v - t e c h n o l o g y
(Accessed on December 19, 2019).
Jan-Mar | 202018 | InkNews
BUDGET 2020: ANAND RATHI WEALTH’S VIEWTranscript: Feroze Azeez, Deputy CEO
I think there’s been enough said on the
budget so far but let me tell you our opinion
on the same. To summarize it in one line, it
is a very ‘intelligent’ budget. Maybe not
timed very well but has had so many
provisions and progressive steps taken for
the betterment of the country’s fiscal deficit.
Why do I call it an intelligent budget? I
call it an intelligent budget because from a
direct tax standpoint, there were 4 – 5 things
which, were resulting in a no control
environment from a tax collection
perspective. For example, there are 120
provisions which can be used to bring down
the tax liability of a person, people could go
tax free for up to 14 lakh rupees in India. So
if you can go tax free, almost zero tax at 14
lakh rupees which is 14 times more than the
per capita income of this country (which is
almost 1 lakh rupees), there cannot be a
better tax regime! We were being very
generous on taxation.
That’s why another clean method has
been introduced, where a person who earns
Rs. 10 lakh rupees has to pay only Rs.
78,000 tax which I think the fairest the
government can be. Because, it’s only 7.8%
tax for a Rs. 10 lakh base. For a person who
earns 15 lakh rupees, the tax liability in the
clean method is Rs. 1,95,000 which works
around 13 to 15%! So, 13 – 15% for a Rs. 15
lakh salary in India where the average per
capita is 1 lakh odd is anyway the most
generous it could get. So these 120
provisions going away in the next 3 to 4
years is a great step for the country’s fiscal
deficit over the next 4-5-10 year period.
Second point, lot of arbitrage in taxation
existed, that has been curtailed significantly.
For example, Mutual Funds Dividends were
very differently priced than the Dividends of
Stocks to investors that has gone away and
it has benefitted immensely to people who
are in the lower tax bracket. Dividend
Distribution Tax is far higher for people who
are earning Rs. 5-8 lakhs a year. So the rich
were getting compensated on dividend and
the poor was paying for that compensation,
which now goes away.
Third, again from a tax compliance
standpoint, many were misusing the 182
days limit to become NRIs and pay NO TAX
that year on all the income they earned
globally. Now, that has been curtailed and I
think this was one of the brightest moves a
country can do and several other emerged
countries have done that. If you are a
genuine NRI with a work permit outside, you
are not impacted. Genuinely compliant are
not being dented, that’s one intelligent
moves and there are several other
intel l igent moves made to br ing
transparency and fairness in taxation.
That’s one.
Disinvestment has become far more
innovative! Speaking of borrowing 10 year
GSec from retail, where retail, participation
is negligible is a very big step to bring down
interest rate on the 10-year government
paper. Today, the 10-year government
paper is at 6.85%, because retail do not
participate in it and only large institutions
participated in it. So, now once retail starts
participating, the interest rates in this
country in the long term can come down
significantly – that’s on the debt side.
On the equity side, disinvestment was
Jan-Mar | 202020 | InkNews
Feroze Azeez
Sou
rce:
ww
w.e
cono
mic
times
.indi
atim
es.c
om
BUDGET 2020: ANAND RATHI WEALTH’S VIEWTranscript: Feroze Azeez, Deputy CEO
I think there’s been enough said on the
budget so far but let me tell you our opinion
on the same. To summarize it in one line, it
is a very ‘intelligent’ budget. Maybe not
timed very well but has had so many
provisions and progressive steps taken for
the betterment of the country’s fiscal deficit.
Why do I call it an intelligent budget? I
call it an intelligent budget because from a
direct tax standpoint, there were 4 – 5 things
which, were resulting in a no control
environment from a tax collection
perspective. For example, there are 120
provisions which can be used to bring down
the tax liability of a person, people could go
tax free for up to 14 lakh rupees in India. So
if you can go tax free, almost zero tax at 14
lakh rupees which is 14 times more than the
per capita income of this country (which is
almost 1 lakh rupees), there cannot be a
better tax regime! We were being very
generous on taxation.
That’s why another clean method has
been introduced, where a person who earns
Rs. 10 lakh rupees has to pay only Rs.
78,000 tax which I think the fairest the
government can be. Because, it’s only 7.8%
tax for a Rs. 10 lakh base. For a person who
earns 15 lakh rupees, the tax liability in the
clean method is Rs. 1,95,000 which works
around 13 to 15%! So, 13 – 15% for a Rs. 15
lakh salary in India where the average per
capita is 1 lakh odd is anyway the most
generous it could get. So these 120
provisions going away in the next 3 to 4
years is a great step for the country’s fiscal
deficit over the next 4-5-10 year period.
Second point, lot of arbitrage in taxation
existed, that has been curtailed significantly.
For example, Mutual Funds Dividends were
very differently priced than the Dividends of
Stocks to investors that has gone away and
it has benefitted immensely to people who
are in the lower tax bracket. Dividend
Distribution Tax is far higher for people who
are earning Rs. 5-8 lakhs a year. So the rich
were getting compensated on dividend and
the poor was paying for that compensation,
which now goes away.
Third, again from a tax compliance
standpoint, many were misusing the 182
days limit to become NRIs and pay NO TAX
that year on all the income they earned
globally. Now, that has been curtailed and I
think this was one of the brightest moves a
country can do and several other emerged
countries have done that. If you are a
genuine NRI with a work permit outside, you
are not impacted. Genuinely compliant are
not being dented, that’s one intelligent
moves and there are several other
intel l igent moves made to br ing
transparency and fairness in taxation.
That’s one.
Disinvestment has become far more
innovative! Speaking of borrowing 10 year
GSec from retail, where retail, participation
is negligible is a very big step to bring down
interest rate on the 10-year government
paper. Today, the 10-year government
paper is at 6.85%, because retail do not
participate in it and only large institutions
participated in it. So, now once retail starts
participating, the interest rates in this
country in the long term can come down
significantly – that’s on the debt side.
On the equity side, disinvestment was
Jan-Mar | 202020 | InkNews
Feroze Azeez
Sou
rce:
ww
w.e
cono
mic
times
.indi
atim
es.c
om
conventionally thought for businesses
which are not stupendous businesses. LIC
disinvestment is so innovative. It can create
huge amount of surpluses which can be
helped in the economic spends. That’s also
very bright. Disinvestment and market
development is great.
Tax has become far more transparent.
One thing which the honourable finance
minister said that she’s going to phase out
these 120 provisions which is what
everybody is suffering for.
Somebody is compensating for another
person which is not a great idea from a long-
term perspective.
Of course, there could have been more
stimulus provided to the economy, but I
think this government has exhibited that
providing stimulus is not a budget job, it’s a
continuous process.
And government has done several
things out of turn and did not wait for the
budget, so we are reasonably confident that
if economic data comes not to the liking of
the government, they will push the
expenditure and curtail any further slip in the
economic numbers.
Now coming to the strategy part of what
should the investor do?
If an Investor is not transactional and
buying a portfolio (not a product) and is
creating a portfolio with Plan A and Plan B –
If the market does well, Plan A supports. If
the market does not do well, Plan B
supports. If you have a portfolio which is
strategic in nature which has different
constituents working at different points in
time favourably for you, then there is
nothing to worry. Of course, risk also has a
larger emphasis and global risks also can
have impact on the risks and volatility on the
Indian markets which has been reasonably
lower since last 3 years.
So please take risks more seriously,
that’s my recommendation. Measure it and
make sure it is curtailed (Point 1)
(Point 2) Be strategic rather than buying
products on individual merit. Create all
weather portfolios that’s what we have been
aspiring to do and done it reasonably well I
would like to believe. If you are on that path
then this is an opportunity rather than an
adversity and I think market would realise
the same and price it in.”
Jan-Mar | 202022 | InkNews
conventionally thought for businesses
which are not stupendous businesses. LIC
disinvestment is so innovative. It can create
huge amount of surpluses which can be
helped in the economic spends. That’s also
very bright. Disinvestment and market
development is great.
Tax has become far more transparent.
One thing which the honourable finance
minister said that she’s going to phase out
these 120 provisions which is what
everybody is suffering for.
Somebody is compensating for another
person which is not a great idea from a long-
term perspective.
Of course, there could have been more
stimulus provided to the economy, but I
think this government has exhibited that
providing stimulus is not a budget job, it’s a
continuous process.
And government has done several
things out of turn and did not wait for the
budget, so we are reasonably confident that
if economic data comes not to the liking of
the government, they will push the
expenditure and curtail any further slip in the
economic numbers.
Now coming to the strategy part of what
should the investor do?
If an Investor is not transactional and
buying a portfolio (not a product) and is
creating a portfolio with Plan A and Plan B –
If the market does well, Plan A supports. If
the market does not do well, Plan B
supports. If you have a portfolio which is
strategic in nature which has different
constituents working at different points in
time favourably for you, then there is
nothing to worry. Of course, risk also has a
larger emphasis and global risks also can
have impact on the risks and volatility on the
Indian markets which has been reasonably
lower since last 3 years.
So please take risks more seriously,
that’s my recommendation. Measure it and
make sure it is curtailed (Point 1)
(Point 2) Be strategic rather than buying
products on individual merit. Create all
weather portfolios that’s what we have been
aspiring to do and done it reasonably well I
would like to believe. If you are on that path
then this is an opportunity rather than an
adversity and I think market would realise
the same and price it in.”
Jan-Mar | 202022 | InkNews
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AIPIMA EGMAll India Printing Inks Manufacturer’s Association held it’s Extra Ordinary General Meeting on 20th January 2020 at Hotel Novotel Juhu, Mumbai.
The amendments in the Articles of Association were passed unanimously with changes proposed during the meeting.
The amended Articles of Association, as filed by the Association with ROC, are duly approved by the Registrar of Companies.
From Left To Right Mr.Bhaumik Mehta, Mr.Mitesh Shah, Mr.B B Sen, Mr.Rahul Sharma,Mr.D N Patil, Mr.Dhananjay Sathye, Mr.Gururaj Moharir, Mr.Shekhar Iyer, Mr.Zaniul Lakadawala, Mr.Rajeev Sharma, Mr.R Shridharan, Mr.N G Shah, Mr.Bodi Kampani, Mr.Manoj Biyani, Mr. Guarav Sathye, Dr. Ravi Gandhi, Mr.Yogesh Solanki, Mr. Mohan Kathayat.
Jan-Mar | 202024 | InkNews
AIPIMA EGMAll India Printing Inks Manufacturer’s Association held it’s Extra Ordinary General Meeting on 20th January 2020 at Hotel Novotel Juhu, Mumbai.
The amendments in the Articles of Association were passed unanimously with changes proposed during the meeting.
The amended Articles of Association, as filed by the Association with ROC, are duly approved by the Registrar of Companies.
From Left To Right Mr.Bhaumik Mehta, Mr.Mitesh Shah, Mr.B B Sen, Mr.Rahul Sharma,Mr.D N Patil, Mr.Dhananjay Sathye, Mr.Gururaj Moharir, Mr.Shekhar Iyer, Mr.Zaniul Lakadawala, Mr.Rajeev Sharma, Mr.R Shridharan, Mr.N G Shah, Mr.Bodi Kampani, Mr.Manoj Biyani, Mr. Guarav Sathye, Dr. Ravi Gandhi, Mr.Yogesh Solanki, Mr. Mohan Kathayat.
Jan-Mar | 202024 | InkNews
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Kay Kay Printing Inks is one of the pioneer in printing ink industry manufacturing spot (cut)
colours & matching inks for offset & mini offset, web offset, and process colour printing inks since beginning operations
from 1980. With four decades of manufacturing expertise Kay Kay Printing Ink serves clients across, Tamil Nadu,
Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. Kay Kay Printing Ink is very
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