The LHC the story so far
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Transcript of The LHC the story so far
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The LHC THE STORY SO FAR
Alan BarrUniversity of Oxford
PASCOS, July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
The Standard Model
4th July 2011
Fields (Maxwell, Weak, Strong)
Fermions (Dirac…)
Masses & potentials.(Untested)
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+ other terms?
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Alan Barr
LHC
The accelerator…1232 x 14.3 m dipolesSuperconducting Superfluid (1.9K)Liquid Helium Cooled
4th July 2011
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7 TeV CM energy 14 TeV
~1 GJ Magnetic Energy
~100 MJ Beam Energy
1 MJ melts 1.5 kg Cu1 MJ melts 1.5 kg Cu
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
CMS
LHCb ATLAS
ALICE
2 x general-purpose experiments energy, momentum, identification controlled environment ~ 109 collision / second ~ decade of operation
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Alan Barr
LHC Page 5
4th July 2011
ATLAS
Segment of 4π detector
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Alan Barr
LHC
Local Interest: ATLAS Semiconductor Tracker…
4th July 2011
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Cambridge: Silicon R&D, testing Robotic assembly
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Alan Barr
LHC 8
4th July 2011
A year is a long time at the LHC
PASCOS 2010 PASCOS 2011 x
Bunches / beam 25 1380 55
Protons / bunch 2 x 1010 1.2 x 1011 6
Lumi / day 60 nb-1 50 pb-1 800
Integrated 200 nb-1 1.3 fb-1 6500
Commissioned bunch trains50 ns bunch-crossing operation
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
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PASCOS 2010 0.0002 fb-1
1 fb-1 target
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Sure things @ TeV-scale
Strong interaction
Weak interaction
Higgs Sector or other Electroweak SB
Flavours 3rd generation quarks (t and b)
CP violation
4th July 2011
~ 100 physics publications on collision data from CMS + ATLAS
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Strong interactions Self-interacting force
carriers Perturbative regime
Jets of hadrons Radiation from accelerated
colour Backgrounds to all other
searches Non-perturbative
Quark-gluon plasma Nucleon structure
4th July 2011
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ATLAS
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
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CMS-QCD-10-011
Agreementover 10 decades
NLOMonte Carlo
DATAdeconvolved
Uncertaintiesin Jet EnergyScale understood
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Alan Barr
LHC
Dijets @ muliti-TeV
4th July 2011
CM Energy = 4 TeV
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ATLAS
ATLAS-CONF-2011-081
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Strong interactions – papers Inelastic cross section Jet cross sections Jet shapes Dijet azimuthal decorrelations Dijet resonances Underlying event Charged hadron distributions Bose-Einstein correlations Strong contact interactions Event shapes
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Weak interactions Masses and
couplings well known
Self-interactions under study
Cross-sections diverge without new physics
4th July 2011
ZZ
WW
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Alan Barr
LHC
Electroweak cross sections
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
W + Jets
Electroweak + strong radiation
Background to many searches
Test MC simulations
4th July 2011
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ATLAS-CONF-2011-060
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Alan Barr
LHC
After you understand the Z…
4th July 2011
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ATLAS-CONF-2011-083
Excludes SM-like Z’ M<1.41 TeV
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Higgs sector – the model
Field couples to mass
Scalar potential
Vacuum expectation value
W, Z masses via Higgs/gauge interactions
Fermion masses via Higgs/Yukawa coupling
Field excitation = Higgs boson(s)
4th July 2011
LHC sensitivity to almost all SM Higgs masses 2011-12
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Higgs boson production and decay
Coupling mass Production
Gluon fusion Weak boson fusion
Decay To heaviest allowed
states
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
Higgs search status
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Alan Barr
LHC
Higgs WW (search)
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Higgs (search)
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
Last week: full ATLAS search Higgs analysis of 2010 data
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
3rd Generation: t and b
Three generations needed for CP violation
Nearly decoupled from first two generations
Long lived b-quark hadrons
Standard Model: top Higgs coupling ~unity
Radiative corrections from top on mH
Role in electroweak symmetry breaking?
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Papers (flavour)
Cross sections and single jets Upsilon () J/Psi () Strange
4th July 2011
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arXiv:1106.0902
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
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ATLAS-CONF-2011-087
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
More speculative (perhaps?)… Further generations Unification of forces Supersymmetry WIMPs Compositeness / substructure New gauge forces / particles Strong gravity Extra dimensions Something else?
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Further search papers
Others Monojets e-mu resonances Dilepton resonances
Leptoquarks CHAMPS Dimuons (contact)
W' l Z' l l
Supersymmetry: Squarks or gluinos
Lepton + jet + invis
Dilepton + invis
Same sign leptons + invis
Z + invis
b-jet(s) + invis
R-hadrons
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Supersymmetry
Partner particles Spin differ by ½ Stabilise mH
Dark Matter candidates
“Missing” momentum
Big reach at LHC
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Supersymmetry searches
4th July 2011
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3 June 2011
“Missing” momentum Scalar sum of momentum
arXiv:1106.5048
ATLAS-CONF-2011-086
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Interpretation Simplified
model Squark, gluino,
massless neutralino
Exclude mq = mg < 1.02 TeV
Degenerate points harder
4th July 2011
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ATLAS-CONF-2011-086
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Wider interpretation...
23/03/2011 Alan Barr, University of Oxford 33
http://arxiv.org/abs/1103.0969
Allanach, Khoo, Lester, Williams
Cassel, Ghilencea, Kraml, Lessa, Rosshttp://arxiv.org/abs/1101.4664
Points sampled from fits to global data Global CMSSM fits
Regions with low fine tuning
ATLAS 0/1 leptonATLAS-CONF-2011-086
CMS αT
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Getting the results? ATLAS
Public results: link CMS
Public results: link Recent conference
Physics at the LHC 2011, ; link Upcoming new results:
EPS 2011, 21-27 July; link
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Conclusions Excellent operation of LHC and detectors
> 1 fb-1
Remarkable degree of control New Physics Searches leading the world
Supersymmetry / WIMPs Resonances Substructure …
Sufficient data for Higgs search Over wide range of SM cross-sections Full range by end 2012?
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
EXTRA SLIDESLHC PHYSICS
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
2011 Plans…
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Detector & Upgrade
Grid
Operations
Computing
Software
4th July 2011
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Hardware
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
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http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=100963
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
Large Hadron ColliderLEP[ CERN ]Geneva
HERA[ DESY ]Hamburg
TEVATRON[ FermiLab ]Chicago
LHC [ CERN ]Geneva
Particles: ElectronPositron
Electron-Proton
Proton-Anti-proton
Proton-Proton
Beam energy/TeV
0.105 e: 0.030p: 0.92
0.980 7.0(current 3.5)
Luminsoity(1030 cm-2 s-1)
100 75 402 10,000
Stored energy(magnets)
~ GJ
Stored energy(beam)
~ 100 MJ
4th July 2011
1 MJ melts 1.5 kg Cu1 MJ melts 1.5 kg Cu
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Alan Barr
LHC
Alan Barr
LHC
W charge asymmetry
Vector – Axial couplings (Chiral couplings) Probe proton structure (Parton distributions) Cancellation of systematic uncertainties
4th July 2011
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Alan Barr
LHC4th July 2011
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