The Least-Cost Path to a 100% Renewable Electricity Sector in the Faroe Islands · 2019-06-05 ·...
Transcript of The Least-Cost Path to a 100% Renewable Electricity Sector in the Faroe Islands · 2019-06-05 ·...
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The Least-Cost Path to a 100% Renewable Electricity Sector in the
Faroe Islands 4th International Hybrid Power Systems Workshop
Helma Maria Tróndheim Industrial Ph.D. student
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Outline
• Background
• The Faroese Power System
• Energy demand
• Renewable resource potential
• Energy mixture optimisation
• The optimal energy mixture
• Conclusion and future work
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Background
SEV’s vision • 2014 • 100% renewable electricity sector by 2030
Government • 2015 • 100% renewable electricity sector by 2030 • Electrification of heating (50% by 2025) • Electrification of transport
The path to a 100% renewable electricity sector
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The Faroese power system
The grids • Main grid (~90%) • Suðuroy (~10%) • Other grids (<0.2%)
Existing power plants Diesel (66 MW) Hydro (41 MW) Wind (18 MW) Battery System (2.3 MW/0.7 MWh)
-202468
10
Pow
er [M
W]
10 minutes
Wind farmBattery systemStabilised output
Production in 2018 (350 GWh) • Diesel: 51% • Hydro: 31% • Wind: 18%
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‘New’ technologies (2019-2020)
Biogas plant (1.5 MW) Solar plant (0.25 MW) Tidal demonstration project (0.2 MW)
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Normal demand
Heating
Transport
Renewable Energy
100%
2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Energy demand 2017-2030
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600 En
ergy
(GW
h)
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Average wind speed 10 m/s
Average sun hours 1000 h/year
Peak tidal stream 3.5 m/s
Average precipitation 1300 mm/year
Renewable resource potential
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Renewable resource potential – Monthly
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec -
20
60
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160
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180
140
[mm
] [hr
s]
0
2
4
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m/s
Average precipitation [mm] Average wind speed [m/s] Average sun hours [h] Average tidal stream [m/s]
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Optimising the energy mixture
Minimise • Investment costs • Fixed O&M costs • Variable O&M costs
010203040506070
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
CO
2 em
issi
on
[kto
nne/
year
]
Investment options: Wind Solar Tidal Pumped storage Battery Cable
Optimisiation model, Balmorel • Investments (annually) • Dispatch (hourly) • 2019-2030
Constraints • Demand • Resources • CO2 emission
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Heygadalur (107m a.s.l.) 2.1 mio. m3
Mýrarnar (240m a.s.l.) 4.1 mio. m3
Pumped storage option 1 – Main grid
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Miðvatn (350m a.s.l.) 615.000 m3
Ryskivatn (245m a.s.l.) 415.000 m3
Vatnsnesvatn (180 m a.s.l.) 825.000 m3
Pumped storage option 2 – Suðuroy
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The optimal capacities
0
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10
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Transmission capacity [MW]
0
100
200
300
400
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Diesel Hydro Wind Solar Biogas Battery
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6000
8000
0
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60
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2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Turbine [MW] Pumps [MW] Storage [MWh]
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The optimal annual generation
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
0
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600
700
2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030
Prod
uctio
n [G
Wh]
Diesel Hydro Wind Solar Biogas Battery Renewable
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Conclusion and future work
• Optimal energy mixture has been defined • Obtaining more realistic results
• Continuing developing the model • Additional technical constraints • More data input (more investment options)
• Analysing the stability of the proposed energy mixture
Co-authors: Terji Nielsen, The Power Company SEV Bárður A. Niclasen, The University of the Faroe Islands Claus Leth Bak, Aalborg University Filipe Faria Da Silva, Aalborg University
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Thank you
Helma Maria Tróndheim, Industrial Ph.D. Student M.Sc. Energy Technology, B.Sc. Energy and Environmental Engineering