The Internet & the WWW

Chapter 8

Working Online

© The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000

2 CCI © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000Ch 8

Overview

• The Internet

• The World Wide Web

• Online services

• New Internet technologies

• Net downside issues

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The Internet: Connections, Features, and Addresses

• Internet is an international network connection of over 400,000 networks in more than 200 countries

• While English dominates current sites, Chinese is predicted to overtake English in sites by 2005

• Many sites have translated attached sites or provide simultaneous translation

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Internet Origins• ARPAnet was formed by the US government to

aid in communicating research

• Secondarily, it was designed to maintain network communications among military units in the event of a nuclear attack

Ch 8 © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2000 5 CCI

TCP/IP• Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

• Sends packets of information over fastest routes, then reassembled at destination in original order

• Allows communication among different operating systems

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Internet Connection

• Direct connection through business or educational institution

• Your own system– communications line

– update and configure modem

– select access provider (ISP) or online service

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Setup

• May setup through Wizards

• May setup through entering dialup numbers, POP, and SMTP servers

• Considerations– survey others on a proposed service– verify responsiveness through ratings– cost options– access to e-mail through another ISP

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Internet Tools

• World Wide Web

• E-mail

• Usenet newsgroups

• Mailing lists, listservs

• FTP, file transfer protocol

• Telnet, allow logon as a client computer

• Gopher

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FAQs

• Frequently Asked Questions

• Netiquette– CAP LOCKS are the equivalent of yelling

• Emoticons

• Spam, spamming– software is available to help control unwanted

e-mail in an inbox

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Emoticons

• :-) happy face• :-( sorrow• :-() shock• :-/ sarcasm • ;-) wink• :-| anger• :/ hmmm• :-D laugh

• :-@ scream• <g> grin• <BTW> by the way• <IMHO> in my

humble opinion• <FYI> for your

information• <nc> no comment• <jk> just kidding

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Internet Addresses

• Domain Name System

• Domain– user ID, subdomain, domain

(location), root domain (domain type), and country

• com, edu, gov, mil, net, org

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Web Addresses

• URL– Uniform Resource Locator

• http:// – hypertext transfer protocol

• ftp://– file transfer protocol

• gopher://– gopher protocol

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Formats• HTML

– hypertext markup language• html

– Microsoft variants• htm• asp

– active server pages

• XML– extensible markup language

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Format Help

• HTML– tutorials

• http://www.webmonkey.com

• http://www.cnet.com

• XML– tutorial

• http://www.ibm.com

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Domain Name System

• DNS

• Visit the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority– http://www.iana.com– $75 for a limited time

• Other services will assign DNSs for an additional fee

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Uses of the Web

• Performing research– Encyclopedia

• http://www.encarta.com

– Internet Public Library• http://www.ipl.com

– Library of Congress• http://www.loc.gov

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More Uses• Chatting

– communicate with a group– use proper etiquette– some monitored, some not

• News– MSNBC

• http://www.msnbc.com

– ESPN• http://www.espn.com

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Uses…

• Software: freeware and shareware– http://www.shareware.com– http://www.download.com

• Classes and tutorials– degrees, diplomas, certifications

• Travel plans– http://www.expedia.com– http://www.travelocity.com

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Uses...

• Weather– http://weather.com– http://www.hawaiiweathertoday.com/mwt/

• Shopping– http://www.amazon.com– http://www.cdnow.com

• Investments

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Web Importance - Retail

• Business to Customers– B-to-C– up to $20 billion in 2002– will change but not eliminate

retail

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Web Importance - Business

• Business to Business– B-to-B– up to $3 trillion in 2002– costs savings can be ten to one Web-based

versus traditional business-to-business model– major transformation of most businesses

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Browser Tools

• Hyperlink always easy navigation on the Web and within information bases

• History– allows returning to previously visited sites

• Bookmarks or Favorites– titles and URLs of Web pages– Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator install

with a preset list

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Cookies• Cookies are text files sent

– by Web servers

• Record visited sites, pages, passwords, and other information

• Can purchase software that controls cookies or surf from an anonymous site– however, some sites do not allow access

without cookie acceptance

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Searching the Web

• Search Engines– Yahoo! - most-used general purpose search site

• http://www.yahoo.com

– Excite - broad topics• http://www.excite.com

– Ask Jeeves - basic questions• http://www.askjeeves.com

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More Searching

• HotBot - specific detailed information– http:/www.hotbot.com

• Lycos - advanced search, educational– http://www.lycos.com

• Alta Vista - exhaustive and precise searches– http://www.altavista.com

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Search Helpful Hints

• Pick search site according to information needs

• Use words and phrases that are common• Use logical operators : AND, OR, NOT• Use “open new window” to retain original

site page• Use the site’s help section• Limit your time

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Multimedia on the Web• Use of plug-ins

– Real Player - video and audio• http://www.realaudio.com

– Live 3D- virtual reality• http://www.netscape.com

– Shockwave• http://www.macromedia.com

• Each maker of a plug-in offers additional software for Web development

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Designing Pages

• HTML– can use a simple text processor such as Notepad

• Design of large sites– Microsoft Front Page

• has some additional functionality that may require Front Page extensions on the Web server

– Adobe PageMill– Soft Quad XMetal and HotMetal

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Site Setup for Business

• For business– must include validation, security, firewalls, and

monetary transaction capabilities

• Business mistakes– not culturally aware– not build for scalability and future increase in

traffic

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Push Technology

• 1998 push was widely discredited and automatic

installation from Windows 98 SE was stopped

• The idea that information should be pushed to the user

ignored the bandwidth of customers and other limited

bandwidth by corporate users

• Push-media still available from PointCast, Ifusion, and

others

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Online Services

• Online services mostly built on the concept of community-building– AOL, CompuServe, MSN, Prodigy– ease of finding information– tailored to interests

• Portals– gateways expanding the functions of much

offered by online services

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Portals and ISPs

• Niche portals– for certain interests

• ISPs– Internet Service Providers– add more and more content including features

traditionally the domain of online services and portals

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Telephone, Radio, Television, and 3d Technologies

• Telephones on the Net– quality is improving

• Radio– as bandwidth improves, more like real radio– http://www.real.com

• Television– RealPlayer– WebTV

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Advances

• 3D on the Net– bandwidth challenge– Virtual Reality Modeling Language, VRML as

a standard– Silicon Graphics offers browser plug-in

• http://www.sri.com

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Net Loss?

• Not a library, mostly is television

• Not about information, mostly marketing

• Use for entertainment