The Internet

The Internet

• The World’s largest computer network• A world wide collection of networks that

connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions and Individuals.

Evolution of the Internet

• ARPA a networking project from the department of defense was the beginning of the internet we know today

• ARPANET became functional in September 1969• Started with 4 computers, one each at the

University of California at Santa Barbara, Stanford, UCLA and the University of Utah

• By 1984 there were 1,000 computers connected today there are Billions of host computers

Internet Usage

• http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

Who Owns the Internet

• No one owns the internet each organization is responsible for maintaining its own network

• The World Wide Web Consortium does however over see research and sets standards and guidelines.

Connecting to the Internet

• User’s can connect by Wire or Wirelessly

Popular Internet Service Technologies

Wired Technologies • Cable• DSL• Fiber optics Wireless Technologies • Wi-Fi (Uses radio signals)• Mobile Broadband• Fixed Wireless• Satellite Internet

Internet Service Providers

• Called ISP’s • Provides individuals and organizations access

to the Internet for free or a most commonly a Fee.

Bandwidth- the amount of data that travels over a Network

IP Addresses

• IP – Internet Protocol• A sequence of numbers that uniquely

identifies the location of each computer or device connected to the Internet.

• Ex. 74.125.224.72• Extra Credit, Find out what website has the IP

address 216.64.199.1221

Domain Names

• A text based name that corresponds to the IP address of a server that hosts a website.

• Ex. Google.com• The suffix of a domain name called the top-level

domain(TLD) identifies the type of organization. • Examples of TLD’s

• .com – commercial organization• .edu – educational institution• .gov – government agency• .mil – military organization• .net - Network providers or commercial companies• .org - Non-profit organizations

World Wide Web

• Emerged in the early 1990’s• The WWW(World Wide Web) consists of a

worldwide collection of electronic documents. • The Internet is the Network, the Web is what is on

it. • Webpage – an electronic document on the web. • Website – a collection of related Webpages• Web Server – is a computer that delivers requested

webpages to your computer or mobile device

Web Addresses

• Also called URL’s• URL – Uniform Resource Location • Used by a web browser to retrieve webpages.

• Ex. Price.putnamschools.org

Search Engines

• Software that finds websites, images, videos, news, maps and other information

• Ex. Google, Bing, Ask.com, Yahoo Search, • Other Examples http://www.ebizmba.com

/articles/search-engines

Search Engine Operators

• Space or + - Results have both words in any order

• OR – Results have either word from a list• () combines search results that include specific

words • - excludes a word from a search result• “ “ search for an exact phase in a certain order• * substitute character’s in place of the asterisk

Improve Search Results

• Use specific Nouns • Put the most important terms first in the

search text• List all possible spellings• Read the search engines help information if

available• Try different search engines.

Types of Websites

• Social Networks• Informational • Media Sharing and Bookmarking Sites• News, Weather, Sports • Educational • Business • Governmental• Organizational

Types of Websites

• Blogs• Wikis• Health and Science • Entertainment• Financial • Travel and Mapping • Careers and Employment• E-Commerce• Portals• Web Publishing

Other Internet Services

• Email• Chat Rooms• Discussion Forums• VoIP – Voice over IP• FTP - File Transfer Protocol

Netiquette

• Netiquette is short for Internet etiquette • The code of acceptable behaviors users should

follow while on the internet.

Netiquette Guide• Be Polite – Avoid offensive language• Avoid sending or posting Flames (abusive or insulting messages)• Be careful when using sarcasm and humor, as it might be

misinterpreted• Do not use all Capital Letters, which is the equivalent of SHOUTING!• Use Emoticons• Learn and use abbreviations • Clearly identify a spoiler, which is a message that reveals an outcome

to a game or ending to a movie or tv program• Be forgiving of other’s mistakes• Read the FAQ’s, if one exists.• Use common sense