THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN AND REINTEGRATION (AVRR)- A...
-
date post
22-Dec-2015 -
Category
Documents
-
view
216 -
download
0
Transcript of THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN AND REINTEGRATION (AVRR)- A...
THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION
ASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN AND
REINTEGRATION (AVRR)- A BRIEF OVERVIEW
Mark GetchellRegional Representative
IOM Canberra
About Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration
• Orderly, human and cost-effective return and reintegration of migrants who are unable or unwilling to remain in host countries and wish to return voluntarily to their countries of origin
• Part of a comprehensive approach to migration management, which includes timely asylum adjudication, effective removals of irregular migrants, regular immigration options and accurate public information on those options.
Voluntary Return
• Freedom of choice and informed decision• Absence of coercion
Assisted Voluntary Return and Reintegration (AVRR)
IOM Policy on AVRR
• Safeguard migrants’ dignity and rights
• Ensure migrants have access to protection and refugee determination mechanisms
• Preserve the integrity of regular migration structures and asylum procedures;
• Enhance cooperation between origin, transit & host countries
• Promote comprehensive voluntary return approaches, inclusive of post-return reintegration assistance
• Address the root causes underlying irregular
Principles of AVRR Assistance
• Return must be voluntary
– Fully informed decision without coercion
• Possibility for the migrant to change his/her mind
• Travel documents & immigration records devoid of any reference to deportation procedures
• No deportation procedures have been initiated
– Applicants not in receipt of a deportation order
Beneficiaries of AVRR
• Asylum seekers who, having claimed asylum, subsequently choose not to pursue their asylum claim;
• Persons whose asylum claim has been rejected;
• Migrants in an irregular situation;
• Persons with refugee status, or enjoying temporary protected status, who choose to return home;
• Victims of trafficking;
• Any person with legal status in the host country, but without means to return home (including e.g. stranded persons, and students);
• Labour migrants at the end of their contracts;
• Persons in emergency situations, requiring rapid return assistance.
Types of AVRR programmes
• AVRRs have been operating close to three decades now beginning with the German REAG programme
• At present, IOM operates more than 30 AVRR regular programmes and some 100 projects world-wide
• IOM operates three types of AVRR programmes
a) General return assistance for irregular migrants, unsuccessful asylum seekers, refugees and others wishing to return to their home country
b) Specific return and reintegration assistance tailored to the needs of certain groups (vulnerable, skilled nationals etc)
c) Assistance to migrants stranded in transit countries
AVRR Activities Worldwide
IOM facilitates voluntary returns of migrants worldwide. From 2005-2009 alone, IOM provided assistance to over 126,000 returning migrants
25,180 26,703
21,090 22,347
30,699
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Assisted Voluntary Returns, 2005-2009
Three Components of AVR
Pre-Departure• Outreach, Information & Counselling• Information on the country of origin • Health assessment & health care provision; family tracing for
unaccompanied minors• Travel preparation (passports, visa/stamps assistance, escort, shelter,
medical assistance)
Return-Transportation • Travel arrangements; assistance at embarkation• Payment of installation grant/pocket money (if applicable)• Transit assistance
Post-Return Post-Return • Reception, information & counselling• Socio-economic reinsertion & reintegration support – referrals & monitoring• Referral to medical care and service providers
Key Features of AVRR
Migrants:• Takes into account migrant’s decision• Ensures respect for human rights• Avoids stigma of forced return & negative repercussions for reintegration• Provides counselling, financial and/or logistical and reintegration support
GovernmentsGovernments:
• Generally more cost effective• Politically palatable • Enhanced cooperation between countries
Countries of Origin:
• Ensures the rights and dignity of their nationals• May include reintegration assistance for individuals and/or their communities
Statistical Overview (1)
Returns by Region (Emigrating Region)
Returns by Region(Immigrating Region)
**Data reflects 2009 statistics
85%
9%
3% 3%
EuropeAfrica/Middle EastAmericasAsia/Oceania
29%
26%
25%
20%
EuropeAfrica/Middle EastAmericasAsia/Oceania
Statistical Overview (2)
5143
4012
3241
2661 2582
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
UK Germany Austria Belgium Netherlands
Top 5 Sending Countries
26192537 2504
1016 941
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Brazil Iran Russia China Afghanistan
Top 5 Destination Countries
**Data reflects 2009 statistics
REINTEGRATION ASSISTANCE
Reintegration Overview
• Reintegration assistance tailored to individual needs- a one size fits all approach is not most effective
• Key tools for facilitating reintegration assistance include- information on conditions in country- socio economic profiling of returnees- post return monitoring
• Reintegration assistance should not only be directed at the migrants but also assist in wider context the community affected by the return
• Rehabilitation of the Thi Al Norain Primary School for Girls / Kirkuk Governorate
Types of Assistance Description
Reintegration allowances
• consists of cash grants (pre departure/post arrival)
Temporary Reception Arrangements
• Can range from a few weeks to a few months accommodation
Micro/Small Business Development
• Provision of credit/grants to start small business
Community Assistance • Building of schools, hospitals, training facilities, etc
Institutional Approach • Promotion of self employment/on the job training
Socio Economic Assistance
• Consist of assistance in kind (education, business set up, training)
The Impact of Reintegration Assistance
• Contributes to a sustainable return
• Contributes to broader economic development
• Critical in post-conflict situations
• Provides support in reconstruction and rehabilitation
• Allows for effective evaluation and monitoring of returnees
• Contributes to capacity building of partner NGOs and institutions in countries of return
• Allows for cooperation amongst all actors
Tailoring return and reintegration assistance policies
• Tailoring return and reintegration programmes to country specific circumstances
• Adapting return and reintegration procedures to vulnerable groups
• Roles of possible contributions of countries of origin, transit and destination key in return migration management
• The need to develop partnerships to make effective return policies and practices
• Dealing with capacity issues in countries of origin and transit (i.e large numbers, post conflict situations, vulnerable migrants etc)
AVRR support for vulnerable groups
• Tailored assistance to vulnerable groups
– UAMs
– Returnees with health needs
– Victims of trafficking
– Single headed family with minors
– Elderly
– Minorities
Afghan support packages 2009-2010
Type of business # business
Grocery shop 171
Taxi car 127
Animal husbandry 82
Fabrics selling shop 50
Cloth business 30
Tractor 31
Auto spare parts 36
Mobile Phone selling shop 18
Construction material store 14
Cement selling 14
IOM has assisted over 7,600 Afghans with their returns, approximately 2,500 of whom received individually tailored reintegration assistance packages.
Over 70 different individualized packages developed. These represent the 10 most popular businesses
The recently completed temporary accommodation center in Kabul increases the government’s capacity to manage return migration through offering shelter and immediate protection to the returnees in need of assistance.
The facility can accommodate 38-76 individuals at one time.
IOM Afghanistan
AVR Iraq
AVR to Iraq 2003-2010 (Sept.). Total 18.843
3771
3116
1817
2736
2013
9261537
2527
0500
1000150020002500300035004000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010(Sept.)
Top 10 Business Set-up Categories
21%
13%
10%
5%4%4%4%
4%
3%
2%
30%
Livestock
Grocery
Clothes and Textiles
Electrical Appliances
Car Spare Parts
Telephones
Car Mechanic
Household Goods
Construction
Aluminum Works
Others
IOM Iraq AVRR
IOM Iraq AVRR
Top 10 Job Placement Categories
20%
15%
8%5%5%3%2%2%2%2%
36%
Worker
Sales Assistant
Driver
Assistant
Seller
Waiter
Guard
Accountant
Monitor
Employee
Others
IOM Iraq
AVR to Iraq by Age Distribution
7.5%
0.3%
19.2%
53.6%
17.8%
0.6% 0.5% 0.4%
0 - 14 15 - 17 18 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 +
AVR to Iraq by Gender Distribution (Male 95%, Female 5%)
11%
30%
3% 3% 6%15%
47% 50%
89%
70%
97% 97% 94%85%
53% 50%
0 - 14 15 - 17 18 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 54 55 - 59 60 - 64 65 +
Male
Female
IOM Iraq
IOM INDONESIAASSISTED VOLUNTARY RETURN BY CITIZENSHIIP
TOTAL2010
TOTAL2009
GRAND TOTAL (2004-2010)
AFGHANISTAN 366 352 1163
ANGOLA 0 4
BANGLADESH 5 7
CAMBODIA 2 4
EGYPT 0 1
INDIA 0 4
IRAN 24 13 138
IRAQ 1 92
JORDAN 0 20
MAROCCO 0 1
NEPAL 0 15
PAKISTAN 4 18 126
SAUDI ARABIA 0 2
SIERRA LEONE 2 4
SOMALIA 0 1
SRI LANKA 24 25 145
SYRIA 0 4
THAILAND 0 1
TURKEY 0 17
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES 0 2
VIETNAM 15 5 135
YEMEN 0 3
Totals 497 413 1941
Thank You
International Organization for Migration 17 Route des Morillons
CH-1211 Geneva 19 - Switzerlandwww.iom.int