The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas...
-
Upload
steven-underwood -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas...
![Page 1: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics
Xiang Zuo1, Jeremy Blackburn2, Nicolas Kourtellis3, John Skvoretz1 and Adriana Iamnitchi1
1University of South Florida – Florida, USA 2Telefonica Research – Barcelona, Spain 3Yahoo Labs – Barcelona, Spain
![Page 2: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Network Dynamics
2
http://not-ionic.tumblr.com/
![Page 3: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What Is an Indirect Tie?
An indirect tie is defined as a relationship between two individuals who have no direct relation but are connected through other node(s) in the network.
3
![Page 4: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Why Study Indirect Ties?
4
Indirect ties are known to be a strong force shaping the network dynamics.
We lack quantitative studies of the influence of indirect ties on network dynamics, especially for social distances longer than 2 hops.
![Page 5: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Outline
5
Datasets and indirect tie measurements Indirect ties and link prediction Timing of link formation Indirect ties and information diffusion paths
![Page 6: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Datasets
6
Networks Nodes Edges APL Edge weights D OT
TF2 2,406 9,720 4.2 [1-21,767] 12 300 days
IE 410 2,765 3.6 [1-191] 9 90 days
CA-I 348 595 6.1 [1-52] 14 N/A
CA-II 1,127 6,690 3.4 [1-127] 11 N/A
Datasets vary from online gaming networks to face-to-face interaction networks and co-authorship networks
![Page 7: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Indirect Tie Measurements
7
Jaccard Coefficient
(J)
Adamic-Adar (AA)
Social Strength
(SS)
![Page 8: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Outline
8
Datasets and indirect tie measurements Indirect ties and link prediction Timing of link formation Indirect ties and information diffusion paths
![Page 9: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Using Indirect Ties for Link Prediction
9
Can we use a 2-hop (or 3-hop) indirect tie between nodes that are not directly connected to predict whether a link will form between them?
![Page 10: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Link Prediction Results
10
Networks n Classifier Metric Precision Recall F-Measure AUC
TF2 2
Decision Tree (J48)
SS 0.75±0.012 0.74±0.008 0.74±0.008 0.77±0.009
AA 0.71±0.004 0.71±0.004 0.71±0.004 0.71±0.006
J 0.51±0.007 0.51±0.006 0.50±0.008 0.51±0.008
IE 2SS 0.84±0.013 0.84±0.002 0.84±0.002 0.87±0.001
AA 0.69±0.002 0.69±0.002 0.68±0.003 0.70±0.003
J 0.69±0.007 0.68±0.005 0.68±0.001 0.68±0.004
TF2 3 SS 0.63±0.020 0.63±0.010 0.62±0.010 0.64±0.030
IE 3 SS 0.64±0.010 0.63±0.010 0.63±0.010 0.66±0.010
Indirect ties are able to predict the formation of links even when the social path is longer than 2.
![Page 11: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Outline
11
Datasets and indirect tie measurements Indirect ties and link prediction Timing of link formation Indirect ties and information diffusion paths
![Page 12: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Timing of Link Formation
12
Link formation delay: the interval
between the time when the link
formation conditions are met and
the time when the link forms.
Is there any connection between the strength of an indirect tie and the delay of link formation?
![Page 13: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Link Formation Delay Definition
13
![Page 14: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Tie Classification
14
Classify indirect ties into strong and weak with
three criteria:
![Page 15: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Tie Strength vs. Link Delay
15
33% (strong) vs. 7% (weak)
Strong indirect ties form direct links quicker both in 2 and 3 hops.
![Page 16: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Outline
16
Datasets and indirect tie measurements Indirect ties and link prediction Timing of link formation Indirect ties and information diffusion paths
![Page 17: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Can Indirect Ties Predict Diffusion Paths?
17
Given that a user received a piece of information at time step t, can we predict which other users will receive this information at time step t+2 or t+3?
![Page 18: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Experimental Setup
18
Ground Truth Linear Threshold (LT)
model in LT Scale the value of as
ω [1-10] in CA-I ω [1-30] in CA-II ω [1-100] in TF2
Path Prediction Calculate strength of indirect
ties Rank a user’s 2(3)-hop
neighbors based on the calculated strength values
Define a cut-off threshold to select the user’s topN indirect neighbors
Compare
![Page 19: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Prediction Evaluation (2-hop paths)
19
![Page 20: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Prediction Evaluation (3-hop paths)
20
Indirect ties can serve as a predictor for information diffusion paths.
![Page 21: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Summary
Indirect ties have the power to predict link
formation between people at social distances
greater than 2.
The strength of an indirect tie positively
correlates to the speed at which a direct link
forms between the two people.
Indirect ties can serve as a predictor for
diffusion paths in social networks. 21
![Page 22: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
22
Thanks!
Distributed Systems Grouphttp://www.cse.usf.edu/dsg/
![Page 23: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Social Strength Metrics (Cntd…)
23
3 2
i
j
k
m
7 3
i
j
k
m
3/(7+3)=0.3
7/(3+7)=0.7
2/(2+3)=0.4
3/(3+7)=0.3
SS2(i,m)=0.2775
SS2(i,m)=0.2775
3 2i
j
k
m
7 3
i
j
k
m
0.3
0.3 0.4
SS2(m,i)=0.44
Backup Slides
0.7
![Page 24: The Influence of Indirect Ties on Social Network Dynamics Xiang Zuo 1, Jeremy Blackburn 2, Nicolas Kourtellis 3, John Skvoretz 1 and Adriana Iamnitchi.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022070323/56649da15503460f94a8de6c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Indirect Ties Infer Diffusion Paths
24
Rank indirect relationship according to the score
calculated by indirect tie measurements.
where q is inverse proportional to ω
User A’s 2-hop contacts’ rank:
Example
e.g., in CA-I.